1、11. China is one of the earliest countries that discover and exploit petroleum and natural gas. The Chinese people created an ancient petroleum civilization which took a leading position in the world. However in modern ages, when the international petroleum industry got a roaring development, the pe
2、troleum industry in China were lagged far behind. The claim that china was an oil-poor country once cast a shadow over the petrogeologists minds in particular. From then on, the Chinese petroleum pioneers challenged to the oil-poor theory time and again and discovered Yanchang Oilfield, Yumen Oilfie
3、ld, and Dushanzi Oilfield one after another. 我国是世界上发现和利用石油、天然气最早的国家之一，中国人民创造了领先于世界的古代石油文明。但是到了近代，当世界石油工业迅猛发展的时候，我国的石油工业却远远落后。特别是“中国贫油论”的 产生，成 为石油地质工作者的精神桎梏。此后，中国近代地质工作先驱们一次次向“贫油论” 发起挑 战，先后发现了延长油矿、玉门油矿、独山子油矿。为新中国石油工业的发展奠定了微薄的人才和物质基础。On September 25, 1949, Yumen Oilfield got its freedom. At that time,
4、 the petroleum industry faced a severe situation. For lack of oil , buses had to use gas as fuel. For this ,in the year of 1952,Chairman Mao Zedong ordered to build an oil Division. Thenceforward, the large-scale petroleum construction began in the vast land of China. On Oct. 29, 1955, the first lar
5、ge oilfield explored by Chinese independently Karamay Oilfield came into 2being。1949 年 9 月 25 日，玉门油矿解放。当时石油工业形势严峻。1952 年，毛泽东主席签署命令，将人民解放军第 19 军第 57 师改编为石油工程第一师。从此，在祖国广阔的大地上，开始了大规模的石油建设事业。1955 年 10 月 29 日，新中国成立后，自己勘探的第一个大油田克拉玛依油田诞生.In the end of 1953, Minister of Geology & Mineral Resources, Li Sigua
6、ng expounded three areas with largest perspectives for oil exploration. This article How to Explore Petroleum in China . It played an important role in transforming petroleum exploration method and obtaining a series of achievements in China since 1956. 1953 年底，质部部长李四光阐述了中国石油勘探 3 个远景最大的区域。康世恩写下了在中国如
7、何寻找石油。这对于 1956 年后中国石油勘探方法的转变和一系列成果的取得，起到了重要的作用。On Feb. 27 and 28, 1958, Deng Xiaoping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, who took charge of petroleum industry, pointed out that more works should be done in the areas of Songhuajiang-Liaohe Basin, North China, Northeast China, Sichuang p
8、rovince and Ordus. Dengs dialogue greatly speeded up the course of Eastward Movement of Chinas oil exploration. 1958 年 2 月 27 日和 28 日，主管石油工业的中共中央总书记3邓小平明确指出，要对松辽、华北、东北、四川、鄂尔多斯地区多做些工作。邓小平的这次谈话，大大加速了我国石油勘探东移的进程。1958 年 6 月，松辽石油勘探局成立。这是松辽石油勘探处的勘测标志From July to November in 1958 , Songji-1 and Songji-2 We
9、ll was drilled but got a little quantity of oil and gas. After consultation, the technical personnel agreed to fix the Songji-3 Well on Gaotaizi, Datong Town. On Sep. 26, 1959, Songji-3 well produced oil , marking the birth of Daqing oilfield .42. 1958 年 7 月至 11 月先后开钻的松基 1 井、松基 2 井，没有取得良好效果。此时第三口基准井
10、井位的选择就成了一个十分重要的问题，后来石油部和地质部的有关技术人员经过协商，同意将松基 3 井的井位定在大同镇高台子隆起上。1959 年 9 月 26 日下午4 时，松基 3 井喷出大量工业油流，标志着大庆油田的诞生。这是23 位大庆油田发现者。Part two glorious Achievements in Hard TimeHow to make good use of such a big and good oilfield? The Chinese Communist Party Central Committee agreed to concentrate manpower, m
11、aterial resources and financial power on organizing a Daqing Oilfield Campaign like a war of annihilation. 面对这样一个大油田、好油田，怎么样才能把它拿下来？中共中央决定，集中石油部绝大部分人力、物力和财力，以打歼灭战的形式，组织大庆石油大会战。4In order to solve the problem that manpower is insufficient。On Feb. 22, 1960, the CPC Central Committee made the decision o
12、n “Mobilizing 30,000 Veterans to the Ministry of Petroleum to Develop New Oilfield in Daqing Area” and they became the backbones of Daqing Oilfield Campaign. Daqing Oilfield is located in Heilongjiang Province. These are partial literature and articles in the Daqing Oilfield Campaign assisted from H
13、eilongjiang Province. 为解决人力不足的问题。中共中央作出“从当年退伍兵中动员3 万人交给石油部参加开发大庆地区新油田的工作”的决定，成为大庆会战的骨干力量。这是当年黑龙江支援大庆石油会战的部分文献和物品。The Daqing Oilfield Campaign also received strong support from all departments of the State Council . On display is a par produced by changchun.大庆石油会战也得到了国务院各部门的大力支援。这是长春一汽支援大庆会战汽车上的部件。In
14、 this picture, the oilfield worker of Yumen represented by Wang Jinxi，the image of 30,000 demobilized professional soldier and scientific and technical personnel in all parts of the country are having portrayed. The oil painting named, Forces Gathering in Daqing, it is the largest and the only large
15、 oil painting manifesting contemporary industry in China. This oil painting reappeared the historical background of national aid, burning 5passion, wasteland revival and approaching campaign vividly. 6、油画会师大庆，是我国目前唯一一幅最大的反映当代工业题材的巨幅油画。这幅油生动再现了全国支援、激情燃烧、荒原苏醒，大战在即的历史原貌。画面上刻画了以王进喜为代表的玉门油田职工，三万名退伍专业军人和全
16、国各地科技工作者的形象。Please turn round to have a look at the exhibition cupboard that behind. Now Sa-66, Xing-66 and La-72 were reputed as “prospecting by drilling three wells”.请大家转身看一下身后的展柜。我们看到的这三口井分别是萨 66、杏 66 和喇 72 井。当时，人们把这三口井喷油誉为“三点定乾坤” 。7. The Daqing Oilfield Campaign started in a difficult time, in a
17、 tough place and on unfavorable conditions. Facing the difficulties and conflicts, the leading group worked out “the Decision through Studying Chairman Maos On Practice and On Contradiction” and organized the whole work processes with the standpoint, viewpoints and methods in the two documents. This
18、 decision won the support from workers. This scene vividly reflected the classical scenes of workers learning Chairman Maos works surrounding bonfire. 7、大庆石油会战是在困难的时间、困难的地方、困难的条件下开展起来的。面对困难和矛盾，会战领导小组于 1960 年 4 月 20 日作出了关于学习毛泽东同志所著和的决定，6用这两个文件的立场、观点、方法来组织大会战的全部工作。学习“两论”的决定，得到了广大 职工的拥护，全油田很快掀起了学 习热潮。这
19、个场景形象生动地再现了当年会战职工围着篝火学习毛主席著作的经典场面。8. This drilling machine was the first one used by Wang Jinxi, Iron Man, to drill the first well. It weighs 5.1 tons. 8、这个钻机是铁人王进喜到大庆打的第一口井的钻机，重 5.1吨。9. This scene reflected the first truck of crude oil transported from Daqing on June 1st, 1960. It was the historica
20、l scene for crude oil out-transportation. 9、微缩场景首车原油外运，表现的是到 1960 年 6 月 1 日，一列挂着 21 节油罐列车，实现首车原油外运的历史经典场面。10. In the early stage of the campaign, facing the difficulties in science and technology. The technicians invented a packer named “tanghulu” and created a type of water jacket heater. These tre
21、mendous achievements enabled the developing level of Daqing Oilfield in a leading position.大庆油田会战初期，面对困难，技术人员发明了糖葫芦分隔器创造了一种水套式加热炉。这些科技上取得了巨大的成果，使大庆油田的开发水平处于领先地位。At the beginning of Daqing , on this passion there were no plant of houses for tens of thousands workers . So they built houses by themselv
22、es. 7This restored adobe house were built by them at that time, we call it “Gandalei”, 会战初期在这片荒原上对于会战职工没有足够的房屋。为此，他们自己动手修建干打垒，这就是复原的干打垒。At the beginning of Campaign, tens of thousands of workers faced plenty of challenges such as rainy season, Jack Frost and deficient food. However, with the slogan
23、of “conditions are ready, well work even if conditions arent ready, but well create them”, the oilmen conquered all the hardships to insist on working. A great number of family numbers took part in work voluntarily and held half-sky for the oilfield construction. 11、大庆石油会战开始后，45 台钻机分布在近 5000 平方公里的草原
24、上，几万名职工遇到了雨季、严寒和粮食定量不够等困难。但是会战大军发扬有条件要上，没有条件创造条件也要上的精神，战胜了雨季、渡过了严冬，坚忍不拔战胜饥荒，毫不动摇，坚持会战。广大家属也广泛地参加了生产劳动，顶起了油田建设的半边天。 This photo has reflected the scene at that time vividly。On April 19, this year, the headquarters held a meeting presented by different leaders and worker representatives. In the meeting
25、, Kang Shien listed some ignored quality problems and analyzed their harm and root. Since then, all types of work in the oilfield have established the thought of “good first, quality first”. 屏幕中播放的是老领导谈 419 千人大会。1962 年 4 月 19 日，召开的千人大会上，康世恩对发生的一些忽视质量问题一一列举，8分析危害和根源。从此，油田所有工种都树立起了“好字当头，质量第一”的思想On May
26、 8, 1962, Zhong No. 1 Water Injection Station, which was built not long ago, caught on fires. The event rang a bell to Kang Shien, who became aware that a set of effective post responsibility system should be set up. The director of production office Song Zhenming, Minister of Oil Industry later, an
27、d workers of Bei No. 2 Water Injection Station established a series of systems called as Post Responsibility System. It played an important role in the scientific management of petroleum enterprises. 1962 年 5 月 8 日，刚建成不久的中一注水站发生火灾。这件事使康世恩认识到，要通过这次事故建立一套行之有效的岗位责任制度。后来的石油工业部部长，时任生产办主任的宋振明按照工委分工，北二注水站的
28、工人们共同总结出了一整套制度，总称基层“岗位责任制”。 这 一整套岗位责任制， ，对石油企 业的科学管理， 发挥了重要作用。 On Dec. 4 1963, the 4th Plenary Meeting of the Second National Peoples Congress was held. Premier Zhou Enlai announced solemnly to the world: “Owing to the construction of Daqing Oilfield, the petroleum needed for economic construction,
29、national defense and people use, which was mostly depended on importing in the past, now can be basically met by its own production no matter in quantity or in types”. 1963 年 11 月 17 日至 12 月 3 日，全国人大二届四次会议召开，9周恩来总理正式向世界庄严宣告：“由于大 庆油田的建成，我国经济建设、国防和人民需要的石油，过去大部分依靠进口，现在不管是在数量上或者在品种上，都已经基本自给了。 ”Chairman
30、Maos calling for “Industries Follow Daqing” was 提出 in Jan. 1964. On the date of April 19, 1964, the Peoples Daily published a long news report Daqing Spirit Daqing Men in the top line on front page. Make the first vigorous mass campaign to learn Daqing nationwide. 1964 年元月，毛泽东主席提出了“工业学大 庆” 的号召. 1964
31、 年4 月 19 日， 人民日报在头版头条发表了长篇通讯大庆精神大庆人，全国掀起了第一次学大庆的热潮。Under the situation of people nationwide learning Daqing, the Party Committee of Ministry of Oil Industry imparted the theory of “One Dividing into Two” to all cadres and staff members. This made oil field worker could not only see ones own advantag
32、e , but also could see ones own deficiency in the face of while praising. Then, Yu Qiuli and Kang Shien organized the cadres in Daqing Oilfield to go out to learn from excellent units as the PLA and Kailuan Coal Mine. So Daqing people that close door join in a battle more than four years realised th
33、at there were skies beyond our skies,and there were mountains beyond our mountains.1975 年 1 月，石油部党组遵照周恩来指示，要求大庆油田提前在 1976 年达到“五五 ”期间原油年产五千万吨的生 产水平。为此，油田加快了建设步伐，为 1976 年原油年产量跨上 5000 万吨做了多方10面的准备工作。行了“两分法” 的教育。 使得油田职工面对表扬时，既可以看到自己的优点也看到了自己的不足。随后，余秋里、康世恩组织大庆各级领导干部走出门去，到解放军部队、开滦煤矿等先进单位去学习。使闭门会战四年多的大庆人看到
34、了山外有山，天外有天。In Jan. 1975, according to Zhou Enlais request, the Party Committee of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry required Daqing Oilfield to produce 50 million tons crude oil yearly ahead of the schedule to 1976. For that, the Oilfield speeded up its construction and made lots of preparation for
35、 producing 50 million tons crude oil yearly in 1976. 1975 年 1 月，石油部党组遵照周恩来指示，要求大庆油田提前在 1976 年达到“五五 ”期间原油年产五千万吨的生 产水平。为此，油田加快了建设步伐，为 1976 年原油年产量跨上 5000 万吨做了多方面的准备工作。This is a content produced in the first ten years in Daqing oil field drew up a tenth year plan for producing 50 million tons crude oil
36、per year since 1975. 这是大庆油田第一个稳产十年的内容。大庆油田从 1975 年起着手进行原油年产 5000 万吨稳产十年规划的编制工作。From 1976 to 1980, the output of crude oil of the Daqing oil field was rising constantly, But the comprehensive moisture rising speed had exceeded planning to require. Since 1981, a comprehensive adjustment had been taken
37、 11in Lamadian, Sartu and Xingshugang oilfields. At the same time, 2,381 flowing wells were changed into pumping wells. On January 26, 1986, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry held the celebration of the stable production of 50 million tons crude oil for ten years. The State Council sent a telegram
38、of celebration, encouraging Daqing Oilfield to make more contributions to the country. This chart is a distribution sketch map of the Daqing oil field。The Daqing oil field is 138 kilometers long from south to north，73 kilometers wide from east to west. Includes the oil area and reach more than 4000
39、sq. km. It is the first largest oil field in China. From 1976 to 2002, The Daqing oil field had realized producing more than 50 million tons of stable high yield for 27 years in succession of crude oil per year, It had created the miracle in the similar oil field performance history in the world.从 1
40、976 年到 1980 年油田的原油产量得到增加，但综合汗水的上升速度确超过了规划要求。自 1981 年起，开始对喇嘛甸、萨尔图和杏树岗油田进行综合调整。同时将 2381 口自喷油井转为抽油井。1986 年 1 月 26 日，石油工业部在大庆召开庆祝大庆油田 5000万吨稳产 10 大会，国务院发来贺电。这是大庆油田的分布示意图。大庆油田南北长 138 公里，东西宽 73 公里，含油面积 4000 多公里，是中国第一大油田。从 1976 年到 2002 年，大庆油田实现了年产 5000 万吨以上连续 27 年高产稳12产，创造了世界同类油田开发史上的奇迹。Daqing Oilfield pro
41、duced 55.7 million tons of crude oil in 1998, despite the Southeast Asia Financial Crisis and the unprecedented flood of the century. 1998 年，油田克服东南亚金融危机和百年不遇的洪涝灾害影响，全年仍产油 5570 万吨。With the advent of the new century, Daqing Oilfield Administrative Bureau and Daqing Oilfield Company Limited were founde
42、d separately. Then came the new opportunities for development. Daqing Oilfield Company Limited put forward the development strategy of Sustainable and Effective Development to Create an Evergreen Enterprise. In recent years, major businesses of the oilfield have kept forging ahead: one was to implem
43、ent the “5671” projects to make the discovery of oil and gas deposit the thirdly most rapid increase in history. The other was to make great breakthroughs through the implementation of “11599” projects and 5671 projects. And It has found the first gas field of natural gas in the east of our country
44、Qingshen gas field of natural gas.After it came into the market, Daqing Oilfield Company Limited boosted the construction of text-carrier management system. It has pioneered in the internal supervision and control system across the country in accordance with Sarbanes-Oxley Act. 13Daqing Oilfield Com
45、pany Limited always put rejuvenating enterprise through science and technology on the primary strategic position. After the establishment of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited, the Party Committee implemented the important thought of “Three Represents” in line with the concept of scientific development
46、, They are committed to the strategy of sustainable and effective development to create an evergreen enterprise. One hundred thousand staff members are striding on the road of creating an evergreen enterprise.伴随着新世纪的钟声，大庆石油管理局和大庆油田有限责任公司分开分立，迎来了新的发展机遇。大庆油田有限责任公司提出了“持续有效 发展，创建百年油田”的发展战略。几年来，油田主营业务一直保
47、持着强劲的发展势头：一是通过实施“5671”工程，油气勘探迎来第三次储量增长高峰期。二是通过实施“11599”工程，油田开发取得重大突破。并且发现了我国东部第一大气田 庆深气田。公司上市后，大力推进以文本为载体的管理制度体系建设，成为国内首家按照美国Sarbanes-Oxley Act法案完善内控体系建设的企业。大庆油田公司始终把科技兴企摆在首要的战略位置。大庆油田有限责任公司成立后，公司党委忠诚实践“三个代表”重要思想公司十万名员工正昂首前进，奋战在创建百年油田的大路上。14管理局It established a sound foundation for the speeding up of
48、 the enterprise and made a stable transition for a healthy and speedy developing road. 实现了分开分立后的平稳过渡，走上了一条健康快速的发展之路。26. This two doors were “erhaoyuan” where we are standing in used for scores of years by the leadership of Daqing Oilfield. By passing through the two door planks, it seems that we wer
49、e walking into the history of Daqing Oilfield. 26、这两扇门就是我们现在所在的这栋房子大庆油田的最高领导机关曾经用了几十年的大门。走过这两扇门，就仿佛再次走进大庆油田的历史，走进石油的海洋，走进精神的圣殿。25. This is a restored meeting room of the standing committee of “Erhaoyuan”. It was in this meeting room that the Working Committee leaders and the group members discussed official businesses. Many important decisions in the Campaign were fermented and were finally made here. We can hear the voice of Yuqiuli and kangshien.25、这是“二号院”常委会 议室复原。 这个会议室就是余秋里、康世恩等工委领导和会战领导小组成员开会议事的地方。许多会战中的重大决策都在这里酝酿、形成。我们可以听到余秋里和康世恩的声音。27. This group o
