1、Unit 2-1 listening 退休和投资Walter wants to retire within the next few years. He has been working at the same company for over 15 years as an accountant. During that time, hes been saving his money and paying off that debt. However, even with his savings and investments, he isnt sure that he will have e
2、nough money for retirement. If it doesnt, he will have to keep on working, which depends on the company. For now, the company is ok. But its no longer growing as fast as it used to. Whether or not he can keep on his working will also depend on his health. Fortunately, he is in good health. But he kn
3、ows that that could change in any time. If he fell down or had a stroke, it could force him to stop working. If that happened, he would have to rely on his savings and other assets to survive. Soon or later, he knows his health will decline and he will have to stop working. So he needs to prepare. M
4、ost of his wealth is in the form of company stock and the value of his home. Both of these are at risk. The company stock may go down and the value of his home may also fall. The company he works for is a pharmaceutical(制 药的) company. It develops new drugs which is risky business and sells them worl
5、dwide. Its expensive to develop new drugs and it can take a very long time to get a new drug approved. Without government approval, it cant be sold, which can result in a huge loss. Another threat the company comes from foreign competition, which is getting stronger. The company has also started to
6、move some of its researches and production facilities oversees. Salary level is lower there, and the quality of the foreign workers is getting better. As a result, the company has to reduce its local hiring and its no longer giving large bonuses. One thing he is considering, is to sell his share in
7、the company. He could begin to sell a little at a time and reinvest the money in somewhere else. But where would he invest? He doesnt know much about investing and several of his friend have lost a lot by making a bad investment. Investing in real restate or the stock market could be very risky. In
8、the best case, he will make a lot of money. If that happened, he could finally retire and enjoy a comfortable life. On the other hand, in the worst case, his investments could result in a huge loss. If that happened, he wouldnt be able to enjoy his retirement. He wouldnt be able to travel or do any
9、of things that hes dreamed about doing. So now he has to decide what he should do. Should he begin to sell his stock in the company or should he wait until he actually needs the money. If he sold now, he will have to decide what to do with the money. His investment could turn out well or it could tu
10、rn out to be a disaster. On the other hand, if you decide to wait, anything will depend on his company. The one advantage he has with this options is hes being on the inside of the company. With his insider information, he can predict the companys shot-term future. This is especially true because as
11、 an account, he has an access to the companys financial data. If things start to go badly, he can begin to sell his stock and avoid a big loss. Otherwise, its probably safer to keep the stock and hope that the company does well even if its growth rate declines. So for now, that is probably what he s
12、hould do. If you were he, what would you do? Unit 2-1 dialogue 非洲和巴黎旅行So, where should we go on our vacation. What about Africa?Africa, no, thats not for me. Why do you want to go the Africa?Id like to get out and see the wildlife, the drama of nature! We could see some of the great migrations. Wow,
13、 you are adventurer. What about food and diseases? What about terrorism. Sure something that could happen. But if we never take any risks, we wont have an interesting life. I dont want to have a boring life. So, you think Im boring then, right.Well, youre certainly not the most exciting person. What
14、 plays thing safe and secure. I dont mind take a few risks but its got to be worth it. Watching animals migrate is something I could see in a documentary. And I dont like the idea of being around predators(肉食动物), like lions and hyenas(鬣狗). Ok, my brave man. What would you like to do?Well, Ive been t
15、hinking about it. I think its nice to go to Paris in the fall and visit some museums. We can go to a concert and go to see a ballet. Ah, weve been to Paris before. Thats exciting about it and Im tired of museums. Any other ideas?One place that might be interesting is in South America, Machu Picchu.
16、Its an abandoned city way up in the mountain Peru. Yes, Ive heard of it. that might be interesting.Should we look into it?Sure, you look into it and Ill get some information about trips to Africa. So your heart is ready set on Africa, isnt it?Yes, it really is. I need something exciting in my life n
17、ow. all I do work and be with you. I need a change. Dont you ever feel that way?OK, I hear you. Lets go to Africa. And dont blame me if you get sick along the way. Great, you are not so bad after all. I can always depend on you. Be careful. Maybe one of these days I will surprise you. Unit 2-1 readi
18、ng 在线相亲和运动受伤Is online dating killing loveA fair maiden is guarded by a dragon. A handsome prince must slay(杀) the dragon to save her. Then, magically, they fall in love and live happily ever after. Traditional stories tend to emphasize the fantastic, magical side of love. Fate plays matchmaker(媒人).
19、Strangers see each other from across a room and instantly know that they are destined to be together. It isnt difficult to imagine two strangers coming together and falling in love despite their differences. It suggests that love is challenging, uncertain and incomprehensible. But with more people u
20、sing online dating services, a very different kind of love has emerged: one that is scientific, convenient, and self-directed. It minimizes risk and provides a choice, like on a menu. There is anonymity and avoidance(逃避) of immediate rejection. Meeting terms are negotiated online.Online dating also
21、allows the setting of preconditions. Computer algorithms(程序) exclude undesirable traits(个性/特征) such as the wrong hair color, race or age. But they also exclude randomness. They reduce the chances of meeting someone different, or someone who could challenge ones romantic ideals. Instead, they find th
22、e partner we think we want and exclude everyone else. As a result, we could be missing the opportunity of a lifetime, to meet someone we would never have expected to fall in love with.Perhaps this new way represents a more efficient form of romance. Traditional ideas of love may be enchanting(迷人的) b
23、ut are they useful? Loneliness and boredom are less exciting than chance encounters, but they represent the more realistic side of love. All too often people have suffered through had dates and humiliations(羞辱). If they could just choose what they wanted. Wouldnt it save time and reduce suffering? H
24、owever, by choosing partners based on our preconceived ideas, we may be indulging in our illusions. Instead of letting ourselves grow with someone, love becomes more about looking for ourselves in the other. What if we dont know ourselves as well as we think? Perhaps love isnt about knowing what we
25、want. Perhaps its about being open to unimagined possibilities. Sport injuriesSport injuries are injuries that happen to athletes participating in sporting events. In many cases, these types of injuries are due to overuse of a part of the body. For example, runners knee is a painful condition associ
26、ated with running, while tennis elbow is a form of repetitive stress injury at the elbow. Other types of injuries, such as a broken bone, can be caused by hard contact with something. Injuries are a common occurrence in professional sports, and most teams have a staff of trainers and close connectio
27、ns to the medical community. Controversy has arisen at times when teams have made decisions that could threaten a players long-term health for short-team gain.Sport injuries can be classified as either traumatic(外伤的) or overuse injuries. Traumatic injuries account for most injuries in contact sports
28、 such as soccer, rugby(英式橄榄球), and American football. This is of course due to the dynamic and high collision nature of these games. These injuries range from bruises and muscle strains to fractures and head injuries.A bruise is damage to small blood vessels which causes bleeding within the tissues.
29、 A muscle strain is a small tear of muscle fibers and a ligament sprain(韧带拉伤) is a small tear of ligament tissue. The bodys response to these injuries is the same in the initial five-day period immediately following the incident inflammation(发炎). Inflammation is characterized by pain, localized swel
30、ling, heat, redness and a loss of function.Inflammation is the first phase of healing, and typically lasts for around five days. However, too much of an inflammatory response can mean that the healing process will take longer, and a return to activity is delayed. Sports injury treatments are intende
31、d to minimize the inflammatory phase of an injury so that the overall healing process is accelerated. Runners knee is a painful injury thats due to overuse. Inflammation is the first phase of healing and typically lasts for around 5 days. Unit 2-2 listening 情态动词Now that you have studied in English a
32、t a high lever, lets get a better understanding of the models. By now, you should already have a good understanding of what they meant. There are the models which are used to express the degree of certainty. Will shall may canThese models are used to make predictions, judgements and speculations. Th
33、ey indicate how much a speaker knows about the likelihood of an event. First, the model will express certainty as in if you heat water, it will boil. Based on what is known, the speaker is certain it would happen. The model may express possibility, as in it may rain this evening, but Im not sure. Ba
34、sed on what is known, the speaker asserts that event is possible rather than certain or impossible. The model can express the potentiality or ability, as in he can afford it, but he may decide not to buy. The model “shall” is a bit different from others. Tina shall be there means the speaker is dete
35、rmined that Tina will be there. In other words, the speaker is determined to get her to come and would try to influence events to make it happen. We would never say it shall rain. Nobody can make it rain so whether it rain or not is beyond ones control. If some were to say that, it would seem as the
36、y were claiming the power to control or influence nature. Know that the question shall I open the door invites the person who is asked to make a decision. Whether or not the door is open depends on the persons answer. In contrast, will I open the door ask for a prediction rather a decision. Know wha
37、t these models can be weakened or removed or by some of these pass time form. Would should might couldWe would go if we had more money but we dont. this sentence expresses the speakers certainty of going if they had more money, which they dont. so the certain prediction exists but in an imaginary or
38、 unreal situation. The model might express less possibility than may so might go is less likely than may go. The models could express less potentiality than can and its often used in conditionals(从句). If he could come expresses less potential than if he can come. If he could come, we would all be ha
39、ppier expresses the feeling that in fact he cant come. Here are the second sets of model. Must, should, had, better oughtThese models express degree of logical force or social expectations. Know that none of them has a past time or weakened form. The first one must indicates logical or social necess
40、ity. It expresses the strongest logical or social force. The model should and ought to assert that something is probably or expected but not necessary. The model had better expresses advice or ability. In other words, if someone had better do something, they should do it or there may be negative con
41、sequences. Therefore, had better has a feeling of threat, as in you had better be there. This isnt the same as you should do it, which means you are expected to do it but without an applied threat if you dont. One interesting rule is that no more than one model can be used with any verb. There are n
42、o exceptions to this rule. Therefore, its incorrect to say “he will must be there”. To avoid breaking this rule, there are other words that have the same meaning but are not models. The case of must, for example, we use have to, as in we will have to be there. Similarly, we cannot say he may can com
43、e. Instead, we say he may be able to come. One last thing to know about models. We use the same form regardless of what the subject is. If the subject is I, it, we or they, we use the same form will. We would never say “we wills be there”. But with non-model form, such as have to, we must change the
44、 form to match the subject. He has to be there and I have to be there. We shall overcome all obstacles express determination to make it happen. We dont know for sure but there is still a possibility that they can leave on Friday. Unit 2-2 dialogue 感情和分手Whats wrong? You look awful. My boyfriend and I
45、 had just had another fight. I think Im going to break up with him. Hey, youve said that before. Calm down. Is that really what you want to do?Yeah, I think so. I dont see any future in our relationship. Is that anyone else youre interested in?No, but there are some guys on the internet who have sen
46、t my messages. What? Youve been online.Sure, just for fun. Its nice to know that I can meet people if I want to. Does your boyfriend know about it?No, if he knew, he would be furious. He can be very jealous and he has a violent temper. Anyway, what was your fight about?Its just the way he talked to
47、me. He never shows any interested in what Im doing or in what Im feeling. if I had a bad headache or anything he says nothing. So who started the fight?He came over and wanted to kiss me and I turned away. I told him I didnt feel anything for him right then. So then he got angry and we both blew up.
48、 Now we are not talking to each other.Oh is that all? That kind of thing is normal. Maybe youre overreacting. No, its just that Im beginning to realize that I dont feel anything for him anymore. Our relationship is getting cold. We dont feel appreciated. Well then maybe you should break up for a whi
49、le and start seeing other men. But be careful. If I were you, I wouldnt start seeing anyone else until I break up first. What do you think so?If he sees that youre serious about breaking up, he may change. Maybe, but I doubt it. It could be that he feels the same way about you. Maybe he has lost interest. So its best to find out. You need to have a serious conversation with him. Youre right. Maybe its time to really find out. Unit 2-2 reading 爱情和旅游胜地马丘比丘The love labHow we communicate with our romantic partners
