1、被动语态专项复习一、1.含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动词的执行者，则使用_语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用_语态。2.主动语态变被动语态主动语态：The boy broke the window yesterday.动作执行者 动词主动形式 动作承受者被动语态：The window was broken by the boy yesterday.动作承受者 动词被动形式 动作执行者3.构成：(1)肯定句：主语+be + 过去分词（ +by）英语被许多人说。English _ _ _ many people.(2)否定句：主语+be not+过去分
2、词（+by）这条路不经常被使用。This road _ _ very often.(3)一般疑问句：Be+ 主语+过去分词（+by）？那座桥是被建在长江上吗？_ that bridge _ over the Changjiang River?(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be+主语+ 过去分词（+by）？电话是什么时候被发明的？_ _ the telephone _？4.注意人称，时态和数的变化。时态 主动语态 被动语态结构一般现在时 give/gives一般过去时 gave 一般将来时 shall/will give 被动语态（二）二、被动语态的特殊情况. 动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副
3、词: (well/badly/easily), 当他们与相应的副词连用的时候用主动表被动。此类动词有：write, sell, clean, wash 等词做不及物动词时，如： The book sells well.(1)这种食物尝起来好卖的也好. This food tastes _ and _ well.(2)这支笔写的很糟/ 流畅. This pen _ badly/smoothly.(3)这家商店八点营业. The shop _ at 8a.m. want/need+ doing 相当于 want/need+ to be done你的衣服需要洗。 Your clothes need
4、_.= Your clothes need _ _ _. 在 be worth doing 中，doing 表被动意义This book is worth _. (read)This stamp is worth _. (collect)2. see, hear, make 等动词后作宾补的不定式都不带 to；但改成被动语态后必须带 to。The boss made him work all day. He _ _ _ _ all day (by the boss).I often hear her sing this song. She _ often _ _ _this song (by
5、me).3. 动词短语变为被动语态时，不能丢掉动词后的介词或副词。She takes care of the baby every day. The baby _ _ _ _by her every day.People should speak to the old politely. The old _ _ _ _ politely by people.( )This dictionary mustnt _the library.A. take away B. be taken away C. be taken away from4. 用于词组的被动语态常用于表示据说或相信，如：It is
6、 said that. (据说.) It is reported that (据报道.)It is well-known that(众所周知)5.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时(1) He told us a story. _ were _ a story by _.(2)用介词 to 或 for 引导He told us a story. _ _ _ told _ us by him.Her mother gave her a new pen. A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother. 注意：填介词(to/for)explain/bring/give/lend/
7、offer/pass/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/write/return/serve sth _ sb.design/build/buy/cook/do/draw/make/order/choose/find/get/prepare sth _ sb.6.不用于被动语态的情况：(1)不及物动词无被动语态如：appear, die, end, fail, happen, sit, stand, come true, fall asleep, take place 等。( ) Great changes _ in the last three years. A.
8、 have taken place B. have been taken place C. have happened昨天这个城镇发生了一场事故. An accident _ in this town yesterday.(2)系动词无被动语态如：It sounds good. 另:be, become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, stay, turn等。被动语态专项习题练习：1、用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空。1.English_widely_ (use) in the world .2.She_ (fall) ill last
9、night ,and she_ (take) to the hospital at once .3.The Great Wall_(know) all over the world .4.Three children_(take) good care of by the nurse .5.Some new houses_(build) by the villagers themselves .6.What language _(speak) in Japan ?7.The black bike_(buy) in that shop three days ago .8.The big tree_
10、(blow) down in the storm last night .9. Computer science _(teach) now almost in all universities and institutes. 10. The first railway in the world _ (design) in the last century. 11.The window _ (not break) by the boy just now.12. Visitors _（ask）not to touch the exhibits(展览品) .13. A beautiful horse
11、 _ (draw) by John yesterday.14. The pictures _ (take) by Jack tomorrow.15. School football game _ (hold) last Friday evening.16. A number of the trees _ (plant) around Dalian every year.17. This book _ (write) for Chinese children at that time.18. He _ (invite) to the party by his friends last Monda
12、y.19. The sport meeting _ (hold) next Friday.二、单选( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is; built B.Was; built C .Does; build D. Were,built( )2.An accident _ on this road last week.A. was happened B. is happened C. happened D. was happening( )3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A.is gr
13、own B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )4.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D. will given( )5. Thousands of tourists come to Edinburgh to see new films and plays and hear music _ by famous musicians. A.to play B.played C.playing D.was playe
14、d ( )6.The word “OK”, which is the most popular and common expression in the world, _ first in late March, 1893.-_! It has a history of 175 years. A. used, Amazing B.was used, Amazing C.was used, Amazed D.uses,Amazing( )7.Your shoes _. You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D. wea
15、rs out ( )8.It is reported that more teaching buildings _ in our school next term. A. will be built B. will build C. was built D. built( )9.Mary _ show me her new dictionary just now. A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asked ( )10.The monkey was seen _ off the tree.A.jump B. jumped C.to jump
16、 D. jumping( )11. He_some pieces of advice, but he_to them. A. gave, didnt listen B. was given, wasnt listened C. was given, didnt listen D.gives, doesnt listen ( )12. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday. A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. happens ( ) 13. Jim wasnt at school b
17、ecause he _ to stay at home.A. is told B. told C. was told D. will be told ( )14. The teacher told his students that they _ to be useful men to the country. A. were all expected B. were all expecting C. all were expected D. expected ( )15._ that Susan cant go to the party because she _.A. Its said ,
18、 didnt invite B. Its said , wasnt invited C. I was told , wasnt invited D. Its said, doesnt invite.( )16. What happened to Billy? He _ because of his drink-driving.A. has caught B. is caught C. was caught D.catches( )17. Im glad to find that many trees _ in our city last year. A. are planted B. planted C. were planted D. were planting( ) 18. Metal _ making machines and many other things.A. is used for B. is used as C. is used to D.is used
