1、不定代词一、不定代词概述定义 不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词some 类 something, somebody, someoneany 类no 类every 类常见不定代词其他 all, each, both, none, one, much, many, (a)few, (a)little, either, neither, other, another不定代词充当成分作主语、宾语、表语、定语等二、常见不定代词的基本用法1、 some 和 any: 都是“一些”的意思，都可与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用。(1) some 一般用于肯定句中，any 一般用于否定句或疑问句中。Eg. _
2、(2) 在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，应该用 some 而不用 any。Eg. Would you please give me some paper?_(3) 当 any 表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的意义时，可以用于肯定句，此时 any 要重读。Eg. You may come at any time that is convenient to you._2、 表示数量的不定代词(1)many_, few_, a few_, 用以代替或修饰可数名词。(2)much_, little_, a little_,用以代替或修饰不可数名词。(3) _和_ 表示肯定意义，_和_表示否
3、定意义。(4)a lot of 和 plenty of 等短语既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。3、表示两者和三者的不定代词(1)表示两者: both, either, neither (2)表示三者: all, any, none, every(3)表示肯定：both, all (4)表示否定：none, neither练一练：用以上不定代词填空。我的父母都是医生。_街道的两边都种了树。There are trees on _ sides of the street.= There are trees on _ side of the street.他有两个儿子，都不富有。He ha
4、s two sons. _ of them is rich.他有三个儿子，都不富有。He has three sons. _ of them is rich.三、复合不定代词的用法(1)复合不定代词 somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody 等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上 body, thing 构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。(2)somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody, anyone 一般用于疑问句
5、和否定句中。(3)如果要在疑问句中表示请求、建议等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答复时，用somebody, someone 或 something。(4) 修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式应放在它们的后面。Eg. He has nothing much to do today.他今天没有多少事情做。Lucy hasnt anything important to do. 露西没有任何重要时做。四、疑难拓展1、 few/a few/little/a little(1)后接名词的不同。 _和_后接可数名词复数，_和_ 后接不可数名词。Eg. There are _ new words in the
6、 text. 课文中有一些新单词。Can you speak _ English? 你能说一点英语吗？(2)表示肯定意义和否定意义的区别。_和_ 表示肯定，_和_表示否定。Eg. I have _ friends there. I often play with them.There is _ meat at home. Lets buy some.2、 other/others/the other/another(1) other 表示“另一个”的意思，在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用，通常修饰可数名词复数。(2) others 可独立使用，无范围限定。(3) other 和 othe
7、rs 前面加定冠词 the 时表示特指，不加 the 表示泛指。The other 表示两个中的另一个，常用于句型”onethe other”，the others 表示全部其余的人或物。Eg. I have two brothers. _ is a doctor; _ is a teacher.He is always ready to help _.Five of them are in the classroom. What about _?(4) another(另外一个，又一个)，只能代替或修饰单数名词，可用作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用。前面不加冠词。Eg. Dont lose h
8、eart. Have another try.(5) Another 后可以跟 few 或带数字的复数名词。Eg. Just think what our town will be like in another few years.Youd better stay in bed for another two weeks.3、 部分否定及完全否定Not 与不定代词 all, both, every 等表示全部意义的词连用时构成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，则需要换用 none, neither, no 等。练一练：翻译下列句子。All of the students like the nove
9、l._Not all of the students like the novel. _All of the students dont like the novel._None of the students like the novel. _4、 all, both, each 等用作同位语若用作主语同位语，主语可以是名词或代词；若用作宾语等其他成分的同位语，则宾语等成分必须是人称代词，而不能时名词。Eg. We all have read it.(all 修饰的主语是代词 )The village all have been destroyed.(all 修饰的主语是名词)They to
10、ld us all to wait here.(all 修饰的宾语是代词)5、 one 和 it 的区别使用(1)it 指代前面的某物。Eg. Where is my pen? I cant find it.(it 指代前面提到的那支笔)(2)one 可以指人，也可以指物。用来代替上文中提到的单数可数名词以及避免重复，其复数形式为 ones。Eg. Your pen is so nice. I want to buy one like this.课堂演练一、 单选。1. The two fishermen saw_ in the sky while they were fishing by a
11、 river.A. something strange B. anything strange C. strange something D. strange anything2. - Is _ here? -No. Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody3.-Do you want tea or coffee? -_.I really dont mindA. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither4. The old man has two son
12、s .One is a soldier, _ is a worker. A. other B. the other C. others D. another5. There are shops on _ side of the street._ of them do not close till 12 at night.A. both; All B. every; None C. either; Some D. other; Many6. There is not _ meat in my bowl. There is _ chicken in it.A. some; any B. any;
13、some C. any; any D. some; some7. Could you do_for me, please?A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything8. Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know_ about the subject.A. a little B. little C. few D. a few9. -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?-_, thanks. I think Ill just h
14、ave a glass of water.A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either10. Tom shook his head and said to us there was _ in the classroom.A. anybody B. nobody C. somebody D. everybody11. Could I have _ bottle of apple juice, please?A. another B. other C. some more D. second12. There are 25 techers in this grade.
15、Eight of them are women teachers and _ are men teachers.A. the other B. the others C. others D. other13. They were all tired, but _of them took a rest.A. none B. all C. both D.either14. -We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which colour do you like?- Im afraid _. I think blue will be OK.A. both B. eithe
16、r C. neither D. none15. -Can I come this afternoon o tomorrow morning?-_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None二、按要求完成句子。1. Both Tom and Tim are good at sports.（改为否定句）_ Tom _ Tim _ good at sports.2. I cant speak much English.（同义句转化）I _ speak _ English.3. There is some
17、thing wrong with his eyes.（改为一般疑问句）_ _ _ wrong with his eyes?4. This answer is right. That answer is also right（同义句转化）_ this answer _ that one are right.5. They havent visited the village. She hasnt visited the village either.（连成一句）_三、下列句子中各有一处错误，请找出并改正。1. It is very difficult, and a few people unde
18、rstand it. _2. Too many work has to be done. _3. Why not buy any bread? _4. Anyone know how to do it. _5. There is not nothing wrong with the radio. _四、阅读理解。(1)Tom Broke a Plate or a Gold Watch?It was Sunday and Tom was staying at home. After breakfast he went out into the garden and played quietly
19、by himself. There were no kids around and he was used to（1） playing alone quietly. He played with Bobby, the dog. He climbed up and down the tree. Sometimes a bird would come down to perch（2）on top of the doghouse. Then Tom would have the greatest fun（3） by throwing a stone or something at it. Thoug
20、h he never made it, he did like doing this kind of thing.Now Tom had been in the garden for half an hour. Suddenly a crack（4）was heard and the little boy began crying.“Whats the matter, Tom?“ His mother looked through the kitchen（5）window. Tom ran into the kitchen.“Mum,“ he sobbed（6. “I broke Bobbys
21、 plate. I didnt know it was so fragile（7）.“His mother put her arms round him and said, “Dont feel so sad, Tom. We have other plates for Bobby. But how did you break that one?“I threw it at a bird but missed, and it went straight to the plate.“In Toms hand was his fathers gold pocket watch（8）!Notes:
22、（1）be used to 习惯于 （2）perch 停歇 （3）fun 爱好 （4）crack 破碎声 （5）kitchen 厨房 （6）sob/s 抽泣 （7）fragile易碎的 （8）gold pocket watch 金怀表1.When did the story happen?A. On a Sunday afternoon. B. On a Sunday morning. C. At noon. D. In the evening.2.When a bird perched on top of the doghouse, Tom_ .A. would like to play w
23、ith it B. was very interested in it by throwing a stone at itC. would like to give it something to eatD. would smile3.There were no kids around and he was used to playing alone quietly. Here“kids“ means_.A.men B.dogs C.children D.birds4.How long had Tom been in the garden when his mother heard him c
24、ry?A.An hour. B.A day. C.Two hours. D.Half an hour.5.“Though he never made it“ means_.A.Though he couldnt hit a bird with a stone or somethingB. Though he couldnt catch the birdC.Though he couldnt have fun from the birdD.Though he couldnt eat the bird(2) The WeatherIn winter the weather in England i
25、s often very cold. In spring and autumn there are sometimes cold days, but there are also days when the weather is warm. The weather is usually warm in summer. It is sometimes hot in summer, but it is not often very hot. There are often cool days in summer.When the temperature is over 27, English pe
26、ople say it is hot. When the temperature is about 21, they say it is warm. In the north of Europe it is very cold in winter. In the south of Europe the summer is often very hot. In the south of Spain（ 1）and in North Africa（2） the summer is always hot.Water freezes（3）at 0. When water freezes, it chan
27、ges from a liquid（4） into ice. Water boils（5）at 100. When water boils, it changes from a liquid into steam（6）.Notes: （1）Spain西班牙 （2）Africa/非洲 （3）freeze结冰 （4）liquid液体 （5）boil 沸腾；（水）开 （6）steam蒸汽1.What is the weather like in summer in England?A.Very hot. B.Warm. C. Cool. D.Both A and C.2.What do you th
28、ink “the north of Europe“ means?A.A part of a country. B. The capital of Europe.C.A country in the north of Europe. D.A part of Europe.3.When water freezes, it changes from_into_.A. water, ice B.water, steam C. steam, ice D.ice, water4.The writer wants to tell us something about_.A. the weather in E
29、urope B. the weather in EnglandC. some knowledge of the temperature D. three states of water家庭作业一、 单选。1. The teacher asked the boy many questions, but he only ansewered _ of them.A.some B. lots C. each D. few2. -I need something for cutting the paper. -Oh, you want a knife? OK, Ill get _ for you.A.
30、it B.that C. this D.one3.Two places of inteerest in Beijing are well known to people from home and abroad. One is the Great Wall, and _ is the Summer Palace.A. the other B. another C. other D. others4. -Would you like _ to drink? -Yes. Id like a cup of coffee.A. something else B. else something C. a
31、nything else D. else anything5. Maybe the disaster can destroy our homes, but _ can destroy the love in our people.A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing二、改错。1. All of my parents are doctors._2. There atre many trees on both side of the road. _3. He has three sons, but neither os them lives there. _4. All of the storybooks is nnteresting. _5. I have important something to tell you. _
