1、 12015 年高考英语长宁一模试卷分析II. Grammar and vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one
2、 word that best fits each blank.(A)Many people underestimate the importance of writing skills. They think that as long as they _25_ speak and understand the language, they know it. Truth is, we live in the age of internet and smart phones where most of the communication happens in writing. An abilit
3、y to express ideas _26_ a clear and literate way has become extremely necessary for work, study and every day life.Do you have trouble _27_(express) yourself in written English? Dont worry, even native speakers find it difficult. Here are some tips that will help you improve your English writing ski
4、lls: 1. Read as much as you can. It is the best way _28_(learn) sentence structures and build a vocabulary. We will share a writing for you to read on Facebook every week.2. Translate from your native language into English _29_ vice versa. However, if you write more, you should start thinking in Eng
5、lish. You will know you have become fluent _30_ you no longer need to translate your thoughts. 3. Use social media. By posting on Twitter or Facebook , you can get comments and feedback from your peers. It also helps overcome a fear of writing in public. You can always get your writings _31_(check)
6、by reviewers at Daily Themes before you share it on other channels. 4. Take an online course. There are a few very good free online courses on writing, English composition, and grammar on Cousera , Alison, edX, and Future Learn. You can take courses on these websites, and share your learning by writ
7、ing on Daily Themes. 5.Get a writing coach at Daily Themes . The fastest way to learn is to have someone, _32_ has already mastered the language, check your writings. Happy writing! Keys: can in expressing to learn and once checked who25【参考答案】can 【考查内容】情态动词2【试题解析】难度适中。此空后面为动词原型，分析句子不缺成分，因此填情态动词，再根据意
8、思，填 can,能够26【参考答案】in【考查内容】介词的固定搭配【试题解析】难度适中，分析句子不缺主干，名词前面一般放介词，考察固定搭配 in a way 以某种方式27【参考答案】expressing【考查内容】非谓语中的动名词【试题解析】难度适中，易错，考查搭配 have trouble (in) doing sth, 因此，填 expressing28【参考答案】to learn 【考查内容】非谓语中的动词不定式【试题解析】难度适中，考查名词被最高级修饰时，后置定语用动词不定式，因此 the best way to do.29【参考答案】and【考查内容】连词【试题解析】难度较大，易错
9、，考查 vice versa,表示反之亦然，是一个省略句，句与句之间需要连词，根据意思，填并列连词 and30【参考答案】once【考查内容】条件状语从句【试题解析】难度适中，易错，句与句之间缺连词，根据意思和逻辑关系，需要填 once ,一旦31【参考答案】checked【考查内容】非谓语中的过去分词【试题解析】难度适中，易错，考查搭配 get sth done, 把某事做一下32【参考答案】who【考查内容】定语从句3【试题解析】难度适中，主句中插入了一个定语从句，先行词是 someone, 从句缺主语(B)Children have their own rules in playing
10、games. They seldom need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They dont care much about who wins or loses, and it doesnt seem to worry them _33_ the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, _34_ _ their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They als
11、o enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stagethe choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall startis almost a game in itself.Grown-ups can hardly find childrens game exciting, and they often feel puzzled at _35_ their kids play such simple game aga
12、in and again. _36_, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to _37_ turn
13、. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he _38_(catch).It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation _39_ their control. Everyone knows the rules, a
14、nd _40_(importantly), everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to winKeys: if so that why However his has caught under more importantly33【参考答案】if 【考查内容】条件状语从句【试题解析】难度适中，句与句之间缺连词，根据句意和逻辑关系，填 if34【参考答案】so that【考查内容】目的状语从句【试题解析
15、】难度适中，句与句之间缺连词，根据句意和逻辑关系，填 so that ,以便，为了35【参考答案】why【考查内容】宾语从句【试题解析】难度适中，句与句之间缺连词，放在介词后面的，应该是宾语从句，不缺成分，根据句意，应该填 why36【参考答案】However4【考查内容】副词【试题解析】难度较大，易错，意思是但是，填 However37【参考答案】his【考查内容】物主代词【试题解析】难度较大，易错，固定搭配，come to ones turn, 轮到某人38【参考答案】has caught【考查内容】时态【试题解析】难度适中，易错，用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响39【参考答案】under
16、【考查内容】介词【试题解析】难度适中，考察固定搭配 under ones control ,表示受某人控制40【参考答案】more importantly【考查内容】副词的比较级【试题解析】难度适中，考察副词的比较级，more importantly 表示更重要的是。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.
17、extensive B. appeals C. debated D. necessarily E. audience F. confidenceG. delicately H. efficient I. experienced J. withdraw K. declineA century ago, American political leaders judged public opinions by peoples applause and the size of crowds at meeting. This direct exposure to the peoples views di
18、d not 41 produce accurate knowledge of public opinions. It did, however, give political leaders _42 in their public support.Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas 43 each other seven times in the summer and autumn of 1858, two years before they became presidential nominees (总统候选人). Their debates took p
19、lace before 44 in cornfields and courthouse squares. A century later most presidential debates, although seen by millions, take place before a few reporters and the technicians in television studios. The publics response cannot be 45 firsthand. This distance between leaders and 5followers is one of
20、the difficult problems of modern democracy. The media provide information to millions of people, but they are not yet so 46 at providing leaders with feedback from the public.Is government by acclamation (欢呼、欢迎) possible when the scale of communication is so large and impersonal? To make up for the
21、47 in their ability to experience public opinions for themselves, leaders have turned to science, in particular the science of opinion polling (民意调查).It is no secret that politicians and public officials make 48 use of public-opinion polls to help them decide whether to run for office, what policies
22、 to support, how to vote on important issues and types of 49 to make in their campaigns. President Lydon Johnson was famous for carrying the latest Gallup and Roper poll results in his pocket, and it is widely believed that he began to 50 from politics because the polls reported losses in public sup
23、port. All recent presidents and other major political figures have worked closely with polls.41【参考答案】D【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题判断词性为副词，只有 DG 为副词，根据句意，民众的掌声和人数并不一定能真正地反映出公众的观点。只有 D 符合句意。42【参考答案】F.【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题判断词性为名词，根据句意，“然而，在获取民众的支持中，它确实给到政界领导人信心”。43【参考答案】C【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题判断
24、词性为动词，且为动词过去式的形式，只有 C 和 I，根据句意，林肯和道格拉斯在竞选中辩论了 7 次。所以选 C。44【参考答案】E【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题判断词性为名词，根据句意，“在观众面前辩论”，所以选 E。456【参考答案】I【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题比较容易出错，考生会误认为 firsthand 是形容词，然后找个副词来修饰。其实不然，在这里，firsthand 是副词，前面 be 动词后要加动词的过去分词构成被动，根据句意，由于不直接面对观众，所以“民众的反映不可能被直接地感受到”所以选 I。其实此题下一段有提示，47 题空格后面
25、“in their ability to experience public opinions”，这里出现了“体验民众的观点。46【参考答案】H【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题判断词性为形容词，根据句意“新闻媒体在给政界领导人提供民众的反馈信息方面却不是很高效”，所以选 H。47【参考答案】K【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题判断词性为名词，根据句意“为了弥补他们获得民众反馈的这种能力的下降，他们开始求助于民意调查”，所以选 K。注意 decline 在这里做名词用。48【参考答案】A【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题判断词性为形容词，根
26、据句意“政界要员广泛使用民意调查来帮助他们决定”make extensive use of“充分利用，广泛使用”。所以选 A。49 【参考答案】B【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。【试题解析】此题有一定难度，判断词性为名词的复数形式，只有 B 为名词的复数形式。types of appeals to make，“所做出的各种的呼吁”make an appeal “呼吁、上诉”50【参考答案】J【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。7【试题解析】此题判断词性为动词原形，根据句意“他开始从政界退出，因为民意调查报道他的公众支持减少”，所以选 J。III. Reading Comprehension
27、Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Radio began as a point-to-point communication device. In 1919, Radio Corporation of American would charge a fee if
28、you sent a message from one radio to another. Either the senders or the recipients pay the fee. The purpose was basically to undercut the telegraph, and they made their money _51_, not by providing radio as a _52_ but by selling hardware.In about 1922, radio _53_ into a broadcast mechanism. For broa
29、dcasting, in the simple sense, there was a _54_ and it broadcast, and lots of people could hear it. But broadcasting was seen as a way to drive business to the radio hardware makers. The stations were _55_ by people who made radios or _56_, by churches and universities that wanted to get their _57_
30、out but werent going to make money.And there was a lot of stuff which sounds very _58_ today about how this medium was going to _59_. And in the 20s, Radio Broadcast Magazine _60_ a $500 prize for the best essay that answered the question: “ Who is going to pay for broadcasting, and how?” The winner
31、 suggested a _61_ on radio listeners. Now, it sounds a little strange to us, but thats actually the British model. The BBC supports itself by a tax on TV and radio sets.There was some discussion about _62_, and Herbert Hoover, the Secretary of Commerce then, was strongly against this idea. He said i
32、t was _63_ that we should allow so great a possibility for service _64_ by advertising chatter. The Commerce Department was _65_ radio at the time. After the creation of national radio networks then the pressure advertisers wanted to go on with it, people who owned the radio network wanted to sell a
33、ds, and thats how radio developed as an advertising medium.51. A. briefly B. naturally C. basically D. eventually52. A. listener B. service C. broadcaster D. applicant53. A. developed B. extended C. made D. drove54. A. magazine B. platform C. stop D. station55. A. wanted B. made C. sponsored D. sold
34、56. A. in some cases B. in return C. on the contrary D. on the whole57. A. way B. message C. profit D. opinion58. A. critical B. persuasive C. familiar D. great59. A. communicate B. broadcast C. emerge D. survive860. A. offered B. won C. missed D. abandoned61. A. reward B. tax C. fine D. rent62. A.
35、broadcasting B. advertising C. chattering D. modelling63. A. essential B. inconvenient C. difficult D. unbelievable64. A. sent B. created C. drowned D. suggested65. A. regulating B. producing C. providing D. developing51. A. briefly B. naturally C. basically D. eventually【参考答案】C【考查内容】副词【试题解析】注意这句话有个
36、并列连词 and,所以对应前半句中的 basically，这里也一样。52. A. listener B. service C. broadcaster D. applicant【参考答案】B【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】通过上下文可知，这里的收音机不是作为一种设备或者服务。53. A. developed B. extended C. made D. drove【参考答案】A【考查内容】句意理解【试题解析】这句话的意思是收音机发展成了一个广播机制。54. A. magazine B. platform C. stop D. station【参考答案】D【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】要
37、广播，就需要有一个电台，并且下文有出现过 stations.55. A. wanted B. made C. sponsored D. sold【参考答案】C【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】这些电台是由那些做无线电的人赞助的。56. A. in some cases B. in return C. on the contrary D. on the whole【参考答案】A【考查内容】逻辑关系【试题解析】做无线电的人和不以赚钱为目的的教堂和大学是并列的关系，所以选 A 表示有时候，在一些情况下。57. A. way B. message C. profit D. opinion【参考答案】B
38、9【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】无线电就是把信息传递出去的。58. A. critical B. persuasive C. familiar D. great【参考答案】C【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】现今，关于无线电的许多东西还是很熟悉的。59. A. communicate B. broadcast C. emerge D. survive【参考答案】D【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】下文提到有杂志出钱奖励一篇回答了关于谁来支付广播的文章。60. A. offered B. won C. missed D. abandoned【参考答案】A【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】提供
39、 500 美金的奖金。61. A. reward B. tax C. fine D. rent【参考答案】B【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】本段最后一句话中出现了 tax.62. A. broadcasting B. advertising C. chattering D. modelling【参考答案】B【考查内容】段落大意【试题解析】最后一段总的都在谈论广告。63. A. essential B. inconvenient C. difficult D. unbelievable【参考答案】D【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】上文提到 Herbert Hoover 持反对意见的，所以对于
40、广告这件事，他觉得是“不可思议”的。根据句意“他说我们竟然允许这么大的可能性让我们的服务被广告所淹没简直太不可思议了！”should 表示惊讶的语气，翻译为 “竟然”。64. A. sent B. created C. drowned D. suggested【参考答案】C【考查内容】动词的搭配10【试题解析】根据句意“他说我们竟然允许这么大的可能性让我们的服务被广告所淹没简直太不可思议了！”should 表示惊讶的语气，翻译为 “竟然”。65. A. regulating B. producing C. providing D. developing【参考答案】A【考查内容】上下文理解【试题
41、解析】根据下文提到的，广告很晚进入收音机，可知 Commerce Department 那时候正在规范无线电。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the informat
42、ion given in the passage you have just read.(A)The day began early.An agreement had been made with the little boys the evening before. They were to be allowed to celebrate the Fourth of July, the glorious day, by the blowing of horns exactly at sunrise. But they were to blow them for precisely five
43、minutes only, and no sound of the horns should be heard afterward till the family were downstairs. It was thought that a peace might thus be brought by a short, though crowded, period of noise.The morning came. Even before the morning, at half-past three oclock, a terrible blast of the horns aroused
44、 the whole family.The number of the horns was most remarkable! It was as though every cow in the place had arisen and was blowing through both her own horns! “How many little boys are there? How many have we?” exclaimed Mr. Peterkin, going over their names one by one mechanically thingking he would
45、do it, as he might count imaginary sheep jumping over a fence, to put himself to sleep. The counting could not put him to sleep now, in such a loud noise.And how unexpectedly long the five minutes seemed! Elizabeth Eliza was to take out her watch and give the signal for the end of the five minutes,
46、and the ceasing of the horns. Why did not the signal come? Why didi not Elizabeth Eliza stop them?And certainly it was long before sunrise; there was no dawn to be seen! “ Well not try this plan again,” said Mrs. Peterkin. “If we live to another Fourth,” added Mr. Peterkin, hurrying to the door to i
47、nquire into the state of affairs.Alas! Amanda, by mistake, had waked up the little boys an hour too early. And by another mistake the little boys had invited three or four of their friends to spend the night with them. Mrs. Peterkin had given them permission to have the boys for the whole day, and they understood the day as beginning when they went to bed the night before. This accounted for the number of horns.11It would have been impossible to hear any explanation;but the five minutes were over, and the horns had ceased, and the
