1、蛋白质的十种提取方法.txt 大人物的悲哀在于他们需要不停地做出选择;而小人物的悲哀在于他们从来没有选择的机会。男人因沧桑而成熟,女人因成熟而沧桑。男人有了烟,有了酒,也就有了故事;女人有了钱,有了资色,也就有了悲剧。蛋白质提取方法-列举10 种方法 来源: 绿谷生物网 点击数: 4587 更新时间: 2008 年 05 月 30 日 收藏本文 一、植物组织蛋白质提取方法(summer)1、根据样品重量(1g 样品加入 3.5ml 提取液,可根据材料不同适当加入) ,准备提取液放在冰上。2、把样品放在研钵中用液氮研磨,研磨后加入提取液中在冰上静置(3-4 小时) 。3、用离心机离心 8000r
2、pm40min4或 11100rpm20min44、提取上清夜,样品制备完成。蛋白质提取液:300ml1、1Mtris-HCl(PH8) 45ml2、甘油(Glycerol)75ml3、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Polyvinylpolypyrrordone)6g这种方法针对 SDS-PAGE,垂直板电泳!二、植物组织蛋白质提取方法 (summer)三氯醋酸丙酮沉淀法1、在液氮中研磨叶片2、加入样品体积 3 倍的提取液在-20的条件下过夜,然后离心(48000rpm 以上 1 小时)弃上清。3、加入等体积的冰浴丙酮(含 0.07%的 -巯基乙醇) ,摇匀后离心(48000rpm 以上 1 小时) ,然后
3、真空干燥沉淀,备用。4、上样前加入裂解液,室温放置 30 分钟,使蛋白充分溶于裂解液中,然后离心(158000rpm 以上 1 小时或更长时间以没有沉淀为标准) ,可临时保存在 4待用。5、用 Brandford 法定量蛋白,然后可分装放入-80备用。药品:提取液:含 10%TCA 和 0.07%的 -巯基乙醇的丙酮裂解液:2.7g 尿素 0.2gCHAPS 溶于 3ml 灭菌的去离子水中(终体积为 5ml) ,使用前再加入 1M 的DTT65ul/ml。这种方法针对双向电泳,杂质少,离子浓度小的特点!当然单向电泳也同样适用,只是电泳的条带会减少!三、组织:肠黏膜 (newinbio)目的:W
4、ESTERN BLOT 检测凋亡相关蛋白的表达应用 TRIPURE 提取蛋白质步骤:含蛋白质上清液中加入异丙醇:(1.5ml 每 1mlTRIPURE 用量)倒转混匀,置室温 10min离心:12000 g,10min,4 度,弃上清加入 0.3M 盐酸胍/95乙醇:(2ml 每 1mlTRIPURE 用量)振荡,置室温 20min离心: 7500g,5 min,4 度,弃上清重复 0.3M 盐酸胍/95乙醇步 2 次沉淀中加入 100乙醇 2ml充分振荡混匀,置室温 20 min离心: 7500g,5min,4 度,弃上清吹干沉淀1SDS 溶解沉淀离心:10000g,10min,4 度取上清
5、-20 度保存(或可直接用于 WESTERN BLOT)存在的问题:加入 1SDS 后沉淀不溶解,还是很大的一块,4 度离心后又多了白色沉定,SDS 结晶?测浓度,含量才 1mg/ml 左右。解决:提蛋白试剂盒,另外组织大小适中,要碎,立即加 2X BUFFER,然后煮 510 分钟,效果很好的。四、lysis solution:(yog)Protein extraction buffer (Camiolo buffer):100 ml= (0.075M Potassium Acetate) 0.736g(0.3M) NaCl 1.753g(0.1M) L-arginine basic sal
6、t 1.742g(0.01M) EDTA-HCl 0.292g(0.25%) Triton X-100 250. ulup to 100 ml with dH20. pH 7.4. Then 0.2 um filter.1. Freeze tissue in liquid nitrogen.2. Rinse in PBS then mince.3. Add 1 ml Camiolo extraction buffer per 100 mg of tissue.4. Homogenize for 1 minute at 4C.5. Spin at 3,000. rpm/15 minutes/4C
7、.6. Remove supernatant and save in another tube.7. If necessary, dialize the supernatant against PBS with50mM/L Tris-HCl pH 7.4.五、植物材料:水稻苗,叶鞘,根(ynibcas)1、200 毫克样品置于冰上磨碎2、加 lysis buffer,离心,10000rpm,4 度,5min 取上清3、重复离心 5minlysis buffer:urea np-40 ampholine 2-me pvp-40六、蛋白质样品制备(sigma)秧苗蛋白质样品的提取按 Daverma
8、l 等(1986)的方法进行。100mg 材料剪碎后加入 10mgPVP-40(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)及少量石英砂,用液氮研磨成粉,加入1.5 ml 10% 三氯乙酸(丙酮配制,含 10mM 即 0.07%-巯基乙醇) ,混匀,-20沉淀 1 小时,4,15000 r/min 离心 15min,弃上清,沉淀复溶于 1.5ml 冷丙酮(含 10 mM-巯基乙醇),再于-20沉淀 1 小时,同上离心弃上清,(有必要再用 80丙酮(含 10 mM-巯基乙醇所得沉淀低温冷冻真空抽干。按每 mg 干粉加入 20l(可调) UKS 液9.5 M 尿素,5mM 碳酸钾,1.25%SDS,0.5%DTT(二硫苏糖醇
9、),2% Ampholine (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech Inc,pH3.5-10),6% Triton X-100,37温育 30min,期间搅动几次,28 度 (温度低,高浓度的尿素会让溶液结冰)16000 r/min 离心 15 min,离心力越大时间长一点越好!上清即可上样电泳。或者-70 度保存七、植物根中蛋白质的抽取(phenol)(1) sample, 液氮研磨(2) 装 1.5 ml centrifuge 用 tube(3) 加 1M KH2PO4+K2HPO4 700 ul(4) 12000 rpm, 4 度, 10-15minite(5) 取上层
10、液,蛋白质就在里面八、SDS extraction followed by acetone precipitation simple extraction protocol that does not require phenol.Recommended start protocol for whole tissue extractions.(hgp)1. Grind 1 g of fresh tissue to a powder with liquid nitrogen in a mortar and pestle.2. Add 5 mL of extraction media (0.175
11、 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.8, 5% SDS, 15% glycerol, 0.3 M DTT) directly tomortar and continue grinding for an additional 30 sec.3. Filter homogenate through two layers of miracloth into a 50 mL Falcon tube at room temperature.4. Immediately add 4 volumes of ice cold 100% acetone to filtered homogenate, mix b
12、y vortexing and place at -20C for at least one hour to precipitate proteins.5. Centrifuge at 5000 g for 15 min to collect precipitated protein, decant supernatant.6. Gently blot residual acetone from container with Kimwipe and then wash pellet in 15-20 mL of cold 80%acetone. Be sure to thoroughly br
13、eak-up pellet by pipetting, vortexing or sonication.7. Repeat steps 5 and 6.8. Collect final protein precipitate by centrifugation at 5000 g for 15 min and dry pellet by inverting on Kimwipefor 15 min at 37 C.9. Resuspend final pellet in 0.5-1 mL of IEF extraction solution (8 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 2
14、% CHAPS, 2% TritonX-100, 50 mM DTT, 0.2% pH 3-10 ampholytes) by pipetting and vortexing at 25-30 C. Incubate sample for 1 h atroom temperature with agitation. Do not heat sample under any circumstances as this will lead to carbamylation ofproteins.10. Centrifuge for 10 min at 12000 g and use superna
15、tant to rehydrate IPG strips.11. If protein quantitation is necessary, precipitate protein sample with TCA or acetone prior to performingBradford or Lowry assay as detergents and reducing agents interfere with these assays.Phenol extraction followed by methanolic ammonium acetate precipitation an ef
16、fective protocol for samplepreparation from protein-poor, recalcitrant tissues such as plants (see Hurkman and Tanaka, 1986, PlantPhysiology 81:802-80九、材料:细菌蛋白(puc18)用甲醇提取的,冻干后用缓冲液溶解的。样品缓冲液是一般的。其中含又 2%的 SDS,20mmol 的 2-巯基乙醇。十、线粒体蛋白的提取 (bioon)Isolation for MitochondriaModification by BioonMaterials an
17、d reagents:homogenizing buffer:100 mM mannitol10 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5)5 mM MgCl2关 于 蛋 白 质1 mM EGTA1 mM DTTleupeptin (0.1 ug/ml)0.1M Na2CO3Methods:- 10*6 Cells were washed with ice-cold PBS and lysed by homogenizing in 1 ml buffer (ice-cold) containing 100mM mannitol, 10 mM Tris, 5 mM MgCl2, 1
18、mM EGTA, 1 mM DTT, leupeptin (0.1 ug/ml)- Subjected to Polytron homogenization for three-four bursts of 3-10 s each at a setting of 6.5.- Intact cells and nuclei were separated by centrifugation at 120 g for 5 min at 4- Supernatants were centrifuged at 10,000 g for 10 min to collect the heavy (mitoc
19、hondrial) membrane pellet.- Cytoplasmic fractions were obtained by centrifuging supernatants at 100,000 g for 30 min.- Resuspended pellet to 0.25mg/ml in fresh preparation of 0.1M Na2CO3 (pH 11.5)- Incubated on ice for 30 min.- Ultracentrifugation at 100000g for 1h at 4 to precipitate the mitochondria membrane protein. And thesupernatants are mitochondrial matrix. 0.5mg of proteins in mitochondria can get 100ug of proteins (thealkali-resistant fractions)Ref.: PNAS, 2002,99:1282512830本方法只适用于提大鼠细胞线粒体蛋白,而不适用于线粒体功能检测