1、 , , , , , , PharmD , PharmD , ; ; ; ; , , , , , : , ( ) , :010-82805020; :010-82805019;E-mail: Development process of The United States pediatric pharmacists and its inspiration for training of pediatric pharmacists in China SUN Tong XIE Xiao-hui WANG Li-qun ZHOU Rui-rui WANG Xiao-ling LIU Xiao-hui
2、 LIU Ying Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Beijing Childrens Hospital, Capital Medical University; Abstract Children medication has its specific characteristics because of growth and development. However, the irrational use of drug in children is still common in China. Pediatric
3、pharmacists play an essential role in clinical treatment, thus its very important to cultivate pediatric pharmacists. However, China has not established the training system of pediatric pharmacists at present. The quantity of pediatric pharmacists is insufficient and their qualifications need to be
4、unified. The pediatric pharmacists in the United States are trained by multiple steps including Pharm D education, residency program, on-the job training, and Board Certified Pediatric Pharmacy Specialists. The whole process is complete and systematic, which can be referred by our country. Keyword T
5、he United States; pediatric pharmacists; development process; pharmacists training; 1 , 2015 137462 , 014 22715 16.5%1 20%2 : 3, , , , 2017 6 20 , , , , 2 : , Pharm D , Pharm D Pharm D (The North The NAPLEX , , , (postgraduate year one, PGY1) , , , (postgraduate year two, PGY2) , PGY1 , PGY2 PGY1 PG
6、Y2 , : ASHP 8 PGY1 PGY2 , PGY2 PGY1 , PGY2 : PGY1 , PGY2 ; , PGY2 , PGY1 , , , , , 3 3.1 3.1.1 , 2007 2016 ACPE , Pharm D 4 , 128 ACPE Pharm D , 86 :94.2% (81/86) , : ;61% (47/77) , : 5 , (Pediatrics Practice and Research Network, PRN) , Pharm D : , , , 6 3.1.2 Pharm D : (IPPE) (APPE) ACPE , 4 86 ,
7、53.2% (41/77) IPPE, 97.4% (74/76) APPE (pediatric intensive care unit, PICU) (neonatal intensive care unit, NICU) 5 PRN , IPPE APPE6, 3.1.3 ACPE , Pharm D 4 PRN , PGY1 , , : (1) PGY2; (2) ; (3) PGY1 34 6 3.1.4 Pharm D , (Problem-based learning, PBL) (Self-directed learning) (Journal Club) (Workshop)
8、 (Team-Based Learning, TBL) :PBL , , , , 4 : ; ; ; , , , , ; , , Pharm D (shadowing) (service learning) shadowing , ; , 3.1.5 (quiz) (Objective Structure Clinical Examination, OSCE) , , , 3.2 Pharm D , , 3.2.1 PGY1 PGY1 , , , (1) : Pharm D 7 (2) : ASHP , PGY1 12 7 : ( ) ( ) , , , , ; , , , PGY1 , PI
9、CU, NICU, ; 5 , 8 PRN , PGY1 6 , (3) :ASHP PGY1 : (1) ASHP PGY1 ; (2) ASHP PGY1 PGY2 , 6 ; (3) ASHP , 3 7 PRN , : (1) PGY2; (2) PGY1 34 ; (3) 6 (4) : Pharm D :Journal Club , , Workshop , , TBL , PGY1 4 , , , ; , ; , ; , 9 PGY2 (5) : PGY1 , , , , 3.2.2 PGY2 , PGY2 PGY1 , , , PGY2 , PGY2 (1) : Pharm D
10、 , PGY1 10 (2) : ASHP , PGY2 12 10 PGY2 , , 1-2 ASHP 49 PGY2 , , / , PGY1 , PGY2 , PRN , PGY2 , (3) :ASHP PGY2 : PGY2 ; PGY2 10 PRN PGY1 (4) :PGY2 PGY1 , 3.3 , Pharm D , , , (Pediatric Pharmacy Advocacy Group, PPAG) , , 11 Recommended on-the job training programs 3.4 (Board of Pharmacy Specialties,
11、BPS) 2015 12 , 3.4.1 : (1) , (2) , 4 ; PGY1 , 2 ; PGY2 (3) 12 3.4.2 : (Patient Management) , 58%; (Practice Management) , 20%; (Information Management and Education) , 18%; (Public Health and Advocacy) , 4%12 4 4.1 4.1.1 , , , , , , , , , 4.1.2 Pharm D , APPE, IPPE , , , , 4.1.3 , , , PBL , , ( ) , , , , 4.1.4 , , OSCE , , , OSCE , , , 4.2 4.2.1
