1、This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller
2、and DS18B20 temperature sensor.睡眠障碍 sleep disorderThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core com
3、ponents of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.一、概念睡眠障碍 ：指睡眠的量、质或定时的异常，或者是在睡眠中或睡眠觉醒转换时发生异常的行为或生理事件。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by usi
4、ng single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.二、分类CCMD-3非器质性睡眠障碍失眠症嗜睡症睡眠 -觉醒节律障碍睡行症夜惊梦魇其他或待分类非器 质性睡眠障碍DSM-原发性睡眠障碍睡眠失调（单纯性失眠、单纯性嗜睡、嗜睡发作、呼吸相关睡眠障碍、昼夜生理节律睡眠障碍）睡眠异常（梦魇、夜惊、睡行）睡眠障碍
5、分类2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 micro
6、controller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.案例一 參差荇菜，左右流之；窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。求之不得，寤寐思服，悠哉悠哉，輾轉反側。 關睢篇是詩經的第一篇，它敘述著一個美麗的相思之情，同時也是一個 失眠的案例 。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using sing
7、le bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（一）失眠症失眠（ insomnia） ：是指各种原因引起的睡眠不足，包括睡眠时间、睡眠深度及体力恢复的不足。失眠者白天出现精神不振、疲乏、易激惹、困倦和抑郁等表现。病程标准 ：至少每周发生 3次，并持续至少已一个月。焦虑症以入睡困难为主，抑郁症常表现为早醒。2018
8、/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontro
9、ller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.失眠的三个亚型 ：1.入睡困难型 就寝半小时甚至 12个小时仍难以入睡。多见于神经官能症或有重要生活事件者。2.维持睡眠困难：睡眠表浅、易醒、多梦型 每晚醒 34次以上，醒后不易入睡。每晚觉醒 15%20%的睡眠时间，正常人一般不超过 5%。多见于具有紧张个性的个体。3.早醒型 多于凌晨 34点醒来，醒后不能入睡。多见于抑郁症患者。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system whi
10、ch realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.案例二XXX，女，岁，北京大学的大一学生该患 从初中一年级开始每天一上课就 困倦，努力的克制自己也没有用，上课分钟
11、就趴在桌子上睡着了，去医院检查也没有什么气质性的病变，最后诊断为嗜睡症也用了不少的药都没效果，好在她比较聪明，下课抄同学的笔记，成绩还不错。到了大一还是上课就睡觉，有时候吃饭的时候也能睡着，现在是暑假在家，她一天能睡个小时，已经闭经各月，还经常感冒全家人都十分着急。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by usi
12、ng single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（二）嗜睡症 嗜睡症 ：过度的白天或夜间的睡眠，不是由于睡眠不足、药物、酒精、躯体疾病所致，也不是精神障碍的症状。 CCMD-3症状学标准 ：1.白天睡眠过多或睡眠发作。2.不存在睡眠时间不足。3.不存在从唤醒到完全清醒的时间延长或睡眠中呼吸暂停。4.无
13、发作性睡病的附加症状（如悴倒症、睡眠瘫痪、入睡前幻觉、醒前幻觉等）几乎每天发生，并至少已一个月。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The c
14、ore components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.睡眠期延长，早上难以觉醒。夜间睡眠正常，在正常觉醒时间内睡眠增多，或者打盹，或者不适当（工作、吃饭、谈话 ）的睡眠发作。感到想睡，并逐渐入睡，而不是体验到突然的睡眠发作。大多数嗜睡症患者症状为持续性，有些则为周期性。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which real
15、izes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（三）睡眠 -觉醒节律障碍睡眠 -觉醒节律障碍 ：持久或反复发作的能导致过度睡眠或失眠的睡眠 ,它是由于环境要求的睡眠与觉醒的形
16、式与以往的昼夜睡眠和觉醒形式不配合所导致。根据临床表现分为 三种亚型 ：1.睡眠时相延迟型： 2.时差综合型： 3.轮班型：2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microc
17、omputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor. CCMD-3症状学标准 ：1.病人的睡眠 -觉醒节律与所要求的（即与病人所在环境的社会要求和大多数人所遵循的节律）不符。2.病人在主要的睡眠时段失眠，而在应该清醒的时段出现嗜睡。 几乎每天发生，并至少已一个月。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control syste
18、m which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（四）睡行症 睡行症 ：亦称梦游症或夜游症，是一种在睡眠过程中尚未清醒而起床在室内或户外行走，或做一些简
19、单活动的睡眠和清醒的混合状态。多发生在 NREM的 3、 4期，夜间睡眠的前 1/3段持续数分钟到半小时甚至更长，然后就地或重新上床睡觉。大多数睡行期间的行为都是固定的并且复杂程度较低。即可醒来或第二天晨醒来均不能回忆。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital t
20、emperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（五）夜惊夜惊 ：常见于幼儿的睡眠障碍，主要为睡眠中突然惊叫、哭喊，伴有惊恐表情和动作，以及心率增快、呼吸急促、出汗、瞳孔扩大等自主神经兴奋症状 。发生在 NREM的 3、 4期。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intel
21、ligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor. 基本特点 ：1.通常以尖利的叫声开始，
22、并有反复发作的趋势，夜惊中孩子感到极其不安，通常大汗淋漓，心率加快。2.一般持续 110分钟，并伴有自动觉醒，以及体现极度恐慌的行为表现。3.在发作期间，不易被唤醒，且常感到不适，犹如在梦魇中。4.往往不能回忆或只记得一些片段。大多数患者在惊醒后不会立即醒来，而是继续睡觉。对观察者影响很大。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and c
23、ontrol by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（六）梦魇症梦魇症 ：是指睡眠中被噩梦突然惊醒，且对梦境中的恐怖内容能清晰回忆，并心有余悸的一种睡眠障碍。（生动清晰的回忆、轻度的生理激活）发生在REM睡眠期。最大特点 ：反复出现一些让人感到恐怖的噩梦。2018/9/21Thi
24、s paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and
25、 DS18B20 temperature sensor.梦的内容以感到将出现某种躯体危险为主，如被猛兽追逐、突然跌落悬崖等；或者重物压身，不能举动，欲呼不出，恐惧万分，胸闷如窒息状。发生于创伤后的梦魇则往往重复原先曾发生过的危险，或受到威胁的场面（大多数不是）。梦魇因不同的文化背景而出现明显的差异。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement a
26、nd control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.睡眠障碍流行病学 40%以上的人存在睡眠障碍 四分之三是 40-60岁的中老年人 妇女的发病人数是男性的 1.5倍 失眠是一种最常见的类型 我国失眠患者约有 1.5亿人，睡眠不良者高达 3亿人2018/9/21This
27、paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and D
28、S18B20 temperature sensor.三、睡眠障碍的原因 生物学原因 心理社会原因 应激与环境 其他心理障碍2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microco
29、mputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（一）生物学原因生物节律躯体疾病遗传因素 如果患者的双亲之一患有睡眠障碍，则患者的同胞中约有 1/2会患病，且性别差异不大，并且连续几代都有发病者。体温变化通常失眠症与人体生物钟对人体体温的控制等问题有关，可能是体温调节节奏出现了延迟：身体的温度并没有下降，因此直到深夜才感到疲倦。生物易感性易感条件：睡眠浅，家族中有失眠症、发作性睡病或阻塞性呼吸系统疾病。2018/9/21This paper
30、mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20
31、 temperature sensor.（二）心理社会因素 睡眠期待 文化差异 文化规则可对睡眠负面影响。 内心冲突 精神分析认为失眠是未解决的内心冲突的某种表现。 不良睡眠习惯 行为主义认为睡眠障碍是不良学习的结果。 错误的认知 认知行为理论认为患者对偶然发生的失眠现象的不合理信念是导致失眠长期存在的重要原因。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measur
32、ement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（三）应激与环境 生活应激 急性应激是因其短期失眠的最常见因素。 睡眠环境 每个人都有一个相对稳定和习惯了的睡眠环境；绝大多数人习惯在黑暗的环境中睡眠；安静是睡眠的必要条件。2018/9/21This pa
33、per mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS1
34、8B20 temperature sensor.（四）其他心理障碍 慢性疼痛 焦虑障碍 抑郁障碍 慢性疲劳综合征 交互作用2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microco
35、mputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.四、睡眠障碍的治疗2.心理治疗认知疗法、 睡眠限制治疗刺激控制疗法松弛疗法、光照疗法生物反馈疗法、漂浮疗法睡眠卫生教育1.药物治疗2.心理治疗2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of tem
36、perature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.药物治疗传统方法：中草药、针灸、气功、睡眠疗法、胰岛素低血糖疗法目前使用最多：抗焦虑药（苯二氮卓类（ BZD）、抗抑郁药、抗精神药物新近推出：褪黑素、酒石酸唑吡坦、扎来普隆、佐
37、匹克隆尽量避免使用对一般睡眠障碍者害多利少的药物。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the s
38、ystem are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.认知疗法认知治疗 ：主要目标是改变患者对睡眠的不合理信念和态度。）对睡眠需要的期盼过高（如每晚需睡 8小时）：实际上，正常的睡眠结构包括核心睡眠（ NREM的、期）和选择性睡眠（ NREM的、期和部分 REM）两部分；核心睡眠是恢复体力、精力的关键。另外，由于失眠患者处于 “ 高警觉 ” 状态，常常伴有睡眠感丧失及假性失眠，即多导睡眠图显示睡眠脑电结构正常，但患者却诉失眠的现象。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the de
39、sign of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.）误解或
40、扩大了失眠的后果（如认为整天无精打采是由于没睡好）：其实失眠的后果与其说是睡眠不足造成的，不如说是失眠所引发的抑郁、焦虑情绪造成的。）对如何提高睡眠质量的方法认识错误：如多在床上躺些时间，早上床、晚起床：这种应对策略对睡眠危害极大！很多患者吃完晚饭后就早早上床，翻来覆去等待睡眠的到来，当困意迟迟无法降临时，开始变得抑郁、焦虑、沮丧，反而更加强化了 “ 高警觉 ” 状态，形成恶性循环。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realize
41、s the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.睡眠限制疗法充分利用在床时间，提高睡眠质量。具体做法：先做一周的睡眠日记，包括几点上床、几点睡着、几点醒。根据日记计算出该周平均睡眠时
42、间和睡眠效率。例如患者报告平均卧床时间为 7.5小时，入睡时间为 5小时， 则睡眠时间为 5小时，睡眠效率 =入睡时间 /卧床时间 67%。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chi
43、p microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.以患者上周入睡时间作为本周卧床时间，但要固定起床的时间 ，且卧床时间不能低于 5小时。如果本周平均睡眠效率达 85%90%以上，则下周可提早 15 30分钟上床；如果睡眠效率在 85% 90%之间，则下周维持原卧床时间；如睡眠效率低于 80%，则下周上床时间要推迟 15 30分钟。以上程序反复进行，直到患者睡眠时间达患者理想的睡眠时间。2018/9/21This paper m
44、ainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20
45、temperature sensor.卧室 睡眠精神上和身体上的压力 暂时性失眠失眠的慢性化失眠与卧室相关卧室 失眠失眠被强化条件性失眠： 卧室 觉醒正常睡眠：刺激控制疗法具体操作：感到困倦时才上床，卧室和床只能用来睡觉，不能进行其他活动。2018/9/21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.放松训练 /松弛疗法eg：渐进式肌肉放松、生物反馈、意象联想、冥想等基本目的 ：进入一种广泛的放松状态，而不是要直接达到特定的治疗目的。方法 ：要求患者必须想象出一个情境或某种东西（即诱导物），用来诱导放松练习过程。2018/9/21
