1、英语句子种类,1 简单句 2 并列句 3 复合句 4 并列复合句,一 什么是简单句,只有一个主语(或并列主语和)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子叫简单句.例如: 1) We learn English .我们学英语.(一个主语和一个谓语)2) Both Xiao hang and Wang are from Beijing.小张和 小王都是北京人.(一个并列主语和一个谓语). 3) He once lived and worked here.他曾经在这里居住和工作过.【一个主语和一个并列谓语】4)My father and mother go to work at seven in the mo
2、rning and come back home at eight in the evening.我父母早上七点上班，晚上八点回家。（一个并列主语和一个并列谓语）。,二 简单句五种基本句型 和句子成分,基本句型(一) 主语+谓语(意义完全的不及物动词),1.Time flies. 时光飞逝. 2.Class begins. 上课了. 3.Spring has come. 春天到了. 4.The birds are singing. 鸟儿在歌唱. 5.Everybody laughed. 大家都笑了. 6.Fish swim. 鱼会游. 7.The medicine worked. 那药奏效了.
3、,基本句型(二) 主语+谓语(不完全的不及物动词,即联系动词+表语),1.This is our classroom. 这是我们的教室. 2.It is bright and clean. 它明亮又清洁. 3.My parents are both teachers. 我的父母都是教师. 4.The story is very instructive. 这故事很有教育意义. 5.School is over. 放学了. 6.We were all out. 我们都外出了. 7.Tom looks young. 汤姆显得年轻.,8. You seem tired. 你好像累了.9. I feel
4、 quite comfortable. 我觉得很舒服. 10. The weather is keeping fine.天气一 直是晴朗 的. 11.He remained silent. 他依然保持沉默. 12.The days are getting longer and longer.白天越来越长了. 13.The trees are turning green. 树木在转青. 14.You have grown so tall.你长得很高了. 15.Little Gause became a great scientist.小高斯成了大科学家.,基本句型(三) 主语+谓语(及物动词,接
5、上宾语意义即完全)+宾语,1. I am learning English. 我在学英语. 2. My sister prepares her lessons after supper.我妹妹在晚餐后准备功课. 3. She plays the piano beautifully.她的钢琴弹得极好. 4. The children watch TV in the evening.孩子们晚上看电视. 5. I planted some flowers in the garden.我在花园里种了一些花.,6. The girls are picking cotton in the fields.女
6、孩子们在田地里摘棉花. 7. We invited some foreign friends to the show.我们邀请了一些外宾去看戏. 8. The French wanted some medicine for his cough. 那法国人要点咳嗽的药. 9. I met Tom and Peter in the park.我在公园遇见汤姆.,基本句型(四) 主语+谓语(及物动词,接上宾语意义还不完全)+宾语+宾语补足语,1.We call him Tom. 我们叫他汤姆. 2.The news made me happy.这消息使得我高兴. 3. We elected Li M
7、ing monitor.我选举李明为班长. 4. We always keep our classroom clean.我们经常保持教室的清洁. 5. His father named him Peter.他的父亲给他取名为彼得.,6.I found him honest.我发现他为人诚实. 7. We all thought her so nice and sincere.我们觉得她和善诚恳. 8. The workers are paining the wall white. 工人们正在把墙刷白. 9. She has got supper ready. 她已经把晚餐准备好了,10 Let
8、 me help you. 11 She asked me to come early the next day. 12 I saw them playing football on the playground.13 I had my bike repaired yesterday.,基本句型(五) 主语+谓语(及物动词,要求两种宾语)+间接宾语+直接宾语,1. I gave him a pen. 我给他一支钢笔. 2. Mother made me a coat.妈妈给我做件上衣. 3. I wrote my brother a letter yesterday.昨天我给哥哥写了一封信.
9、4. I will bring you the magazine tomorrow.明天我将把那本杂志带给你. 5. Father will buy me a bike. 爸爸将给我买部自行车.,6.Tom showed me the photograph of his family.汤姆拿他的家人合影给出我看. 7. My sister sent me these picture from Beijing.我姐姐从北京把这些照片寄给我. 8.Outdoor exercises will do you much good.户外运动对你有许多好处. 9. I wish you success.
10、祝你成功.,练习：用括号内的符号标出下列句子的主语（=)谓语（_），宾语（）表语（)状语（）和补语（）和定语（ ）,1) I saw your uncle in the shop yesterday. 2) His little brother will be seven next year . 3) The letter is from her son. 4) Who (whom) are you looking for? 5) Have you ever been to Shanghai? 6) Her father become a Party member in1950. 7) I u
11、sually have my breakfast at six in the morning. 8) will you do me a favour? 9) Sports do us a lot of good.,10) Mr. Hopkins teaches Mary English. 11) I bought him a dictionary yesterday. 12) Why do we suffer so much? 13) What do you want to do? 14) She showed me a picture book. 15) Someone is knockin
12、g at the door. 16) Have you finished your homework? 17) When do you usually get up? 18) How did he know it ? 19) Where is he going? 20) Which season do you like better, spring or summer?,二 并列句,用并列连接词连接起来的两个句子或以上简单句叫做并列句. 并列句的构成:简单句+连接词+简单句 连接并列句常用的连接词有:and, but , or, so not onlybut also, however, ne
13、ithernor, eitheror, still 等。例如：,(1）I help her and she helps me.我帮她,她帮我. (2) He is very old but he is in god health.他年纪很大了,但他身体很好. (3)we must hurry, or well be late.我们得快走了, 不然就晚了. (4) I am tried, so I have to go to bed.,三 复合句,一个句子中的某一成分（主语，宾语，表语，同位语，定语，状语）由另一个句子担任时，我们把这整个句子叫复合句。其中担任某一成分的句子叫从句，从句所处的句子
14、叫主句。担任什么成分就叫什么从句。从句可分成两大类：,（一）名词性从句,1 主语从句 That he went abroad is known to all. 2 宾语从句 I do not know when he will come. 3 表语从句 My question is when we shall leave. 4 同位语从句 Have you heard the news that he died.,（二）形容词性从句,1 定语从句限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 This is my friend who is a teacher. 2 状语从句时间，地点，原因，结果，方式，伴
15、随，让步，比较 Though he is young, he is clever.,(4) This girl did her work carefully, so she never made any mistake.这个姑娘工作认真,从不出差错。 (5) Wang Hong not only wrote to me last week but also came to see me yesterday. (6) Neither could theory do without practi-ce ,nor do practice without theory. 理论没有实践不行,实践没有理论
16、也不行。 (7) Either he is to blame or I am .不是他该受责备,就是我该受到责备。,练一练:一 仿照句子示例用连接词 but 和括号内的词完成下列句子,示例：Shes been in the shop for ages. (she, buy anything)Shes been in the shop for ages, but she hasnt bought anything. 1) Ive written to them three times. (they, reply)Ive written to them three times, but they
17、havent replied.,2 )Ive asked you again and again. (you do it)Ive asked you again and again, but you havent done it. 3) Shes sent him three letters. (he, writeBack)Shes sent him three letters, but he hasnt written back.,4)I lent him ten pounds last month. (he, pay me back)I lent him ten pounds last m
18、onth, but I havent used them all. 5) I bought ten notebooks last term. (I use them all)I bought ten notebooks last term, but I havent used them all.,二 用连接词and将下列简单句合并成列句,1）He has gone away. Hes not back yet.He has gone away and hes not back yet. 2)she has laid the table. Dinner is ready now.She has
19、laid the table and dinner is ready now . 3) She has torn her dress. Theres a hole in it now.She has torn her dress and theres a hole in it now.,4)I have done three exercise. Here they are.I have done three exercise and here they are. 5)He has mended his jacket. Its all right now.He has mended his ja
20、cket and its all right it now.,三 仿照示例用连接词so和括号内的词完成下列句子,示例：He hasnt any money。（I ，lend him some）He hasnt any money， so I am going to lend him some。 1）He cant understand this letter. (I ,translate it )He cant understand this letter, so I am going to translate it. 2)Youve forgotten to post this letter
21、. (I ,post it for you)Youve forgotten to post this letter, so I am going to post it for you.,3)The cakes finished. (I , have a biscuit.)The cake is finished, so I am going to have a biscuit. 4)Professor Zhang is very busy today. (Peter, not see him tonight) Professor Zhang is very busy today , so Pe
22、ter is not going to see him tonight.,5) The sun is setting in her eyes. (she, pull the curtain.) The sun is setting in her eyes, so she is going to pull the curtain.,四 用连接词or将下列简单句合并成并列句,1）Hurry up. Well be late. Hurry up or well be late. 2) We must help him with his lessons. If we dont, he will not
23、 be able to accomplish the work. We must help him with his lessons or he wont be able to accomplish the work.,3)Give him support. If you dont, he wont be able to accomplish the work. Give him support or he wont be able to accomplish the work. 4)Do you understand? Is the point still not clear. Do you
24、 understand , or is the point still not clear?,5)Will you stay with us? If you dont , will you leave at once? Will you stay with us or leave at once?,五 将下列句子译成英语,1）我去过南京，但我父母没有去过。 I have been to Nanjing but my parents havent。 我们大家都很累，但情绪很高。 All of us are very tied but we are in high spirits。,3）你最好穿上
25、雨衣，否则会淋湿的。 Youd better put on your raincoat or youll get wet. 4)水不仅是世界上最普通的液体,也是最重要的液体. Water is not only the most common liquid in the world, but it is also the most important.,5)我在中学学习,我小妹妹在小学学习. I study at a middle school and my younger sister at a primary. 6)举起手来，不然我们开枪了。 Hands up ，or we fire。 7
26、）玛丽从前很穷，不能上学。 Mary was poor， so she couldnt go to school。,8)李华今天不舒服，可他还一样坚持工作。 Li Hua is not himself today，still he goes on with his work. 9)赶快!否则我们就赶不上八点的火车了. Hurry up ,or well miss the 8:00 train. 10)他帮助我,我帮助他. He helps me and I help him.,11）地球围绕太阳转，月亮围绕地球转。 The earth moves round the sun and the m
27、oon moves round the earth. 12)天下雨，因些我们留在家里。 It was raining，therefore we remained at home.,13）欧仁鲍狄埃（Eugene Pottier） 自己是工人，所以他懂得劳动人民的疾苦。 Eugene Pottier himself was a worker，so he understood the sufferings of the working people. 14）我得走了，不然我要迟到了。 I must be going , or Ill be late.,15)要么是你没听清楚,要么就是我没听清楚. Either you didnt speak clearly or I didnt hear well.,
