1、In elite education, higher education is scarce resources and even social privilege, in which case the students are the “Emperor daughter mentality,“ Graduate Employment is allocated by the state; and mass higher education, higher education will be the most human rights. Therefore, the students are f
2、rom the elite stage of education, “favored“ to the popular education of “ordinary people.“ Students are no longer under the planned economic system, “Beloved“ has no planned economic system under the turnkey system, but on the “choose their own jobs, two-way choice“ employment system, is pushing the
3、 employment market Track and equitable participation of the community competition for jobs. Deng Zhi said: “The vulnerable groups refer to wealth creation and wealth are weak, employment, competitiveness and poor people the basic life skills.“ When students track employment into employment market, t
4、he competition for jobs is inevitable. Therefore, competition for jobs, those at a competitive disadvantage or less competitive employment of college students belonging to disadvantaged groups. Graduate Employment disadvantaged vulnerable groups is a relative concept. From the large, the state and i
5、ndividuals, personal vulnerable groups; the poor and the rich, the poor, the vulnerable groups; from employment for college students, female students, recruitment often subject to sex discrimination, or impoverished, helpless , or poor academic, less educated, or introverted, not talkative, or homel
6、y, repeatedly hitting the wall, or graduate non-priority, non-elite students . . constitute employment to vulnerable groups.To this end, we need to do the following tasks: 1. Change our concept, a scientific and reasonable employer although the employer have a full human resource selection, “not the
7、 non-eating steamed food and clothing Yihou not“, but we still Buneng avoid a reality: the future of food and clothing Xuduo people Da Dao Chang Yi Wei, “eat more Gui The more health “, while scientific evidence that eating high prices do not represent healthy eating; employing the same concept, wit
8、h the higher degree of talent and do not necessarily represent the fit itself, can be gifted with some post qualified specialist, no need to arrangements for undergraduate or graduate students to do, so that talent, “the best 2use.“ With the development of market economy, employers should be gradual
9、ly abandoned in the past re-education, the concept of light capabilities, but should be investigated and the taking of human resources personnel can focus Fang Zai-based units to create any kind of value. 2. Construction of the network platform to provide current employment information, employment o
10、f college graduates is still the main channel for all colleges and universities will be organized to meet supply and demand, and other career mode is just a supplement. The outstanding problem of this employment pattern is information missing or asymmetric information, it is difficult to achieve bet
11、ter results. Therefore, the Government should set up a national employment information platform, extending to the provinces, municipalities and universities, all enterprises and institutions, to enterprises, institutions and university graduates in the nationwide release of timely and accurate suppl
12、y and demand information, large-scale two-way choice. In this way, every college graduate can be wider through the network platform to look for their own Jiuye units, various business units also available via the web to find their own needs in the Gao Xiao people, it Zhubuchengwei the main channel o
13、f employment information.3. To strengthen employment guidance, broaden employment channels to ease the difficult employment of graduates, the graduates for career guidance is extremely necessary. Graduate Employment Guide is a financial social, ideological and artistic as one of the systems engineer
14、ing graduates under the new situation an effective form of ideological education, but also to help guide the graduate job search, the correct choice of life path, success point an important way into the community. How to adapt to the new situation of reform and development, career guidance Graduates
15、 work is before us an important issue. From the college perspective, the key is to have a good graduate employment service system. With the graduate employment system reform, strengthening the construction of graduate employment system is necessary. This requires that instructors have a system of th
16、eoretical knowledge and abundant practical experience. Therefore, universities should strengthen the training of career guidance personnel to develop training programs, particularly to strengthen the 3computer network training. Career Guidance staff should also address the practical problems at work
17、, scientific research, exchange of experiences between the schools carried out continuously improve their work. Focus on collecting personnel information, broaden employment channels for students to understand the job market conditions, to keep track of skills for the graduates to help students obta
18、in employment quickly. 4. To improve the quality of their students and enhance their employability with the increasingly fierce market competition and further reform of personnel system, the quality of the graduates each unit requires higher and more comprehensive recruitment of openness, transparen
19、cy and continuously improve , growing degree of market competition more fully, Graduates must Competition strength, Competition quality, professional competence of graduates, the overall quality of social adaptation has increasingly become a career chip. How to adapt the job market this change?First
20、 of all, to make students able to correctly assess their own. Graduate training through the college years, becoming the leader in work force, but the door post with the school students are generally manipulative ability, lack of social experience. Therefore, when seeking employment should be the sta
21、rting point of their set at an appropriate range, not to overestimate the value of their own, should pay attention to their own development and should not value personal income, to establish a “Learning to Live“ career view, take the initiative to self-realization in the practical needs of national
22、construction to link the individual pursuit of a better desire to live with the objective reality of social development linked to the establishment of a market economy system, popular education suited to employment concept. Only the correct valuation of their own value to be the correct attitude to
23、face the choice. Second, students should change their mentality about employment, not only looking at two cities, looking at organs, institutions, not just when the cadres, technicians, can not bear to iron rice bowl. To foster self-awareness, sense of competition, to be diligent, to be able to endu
24、re hardship, to dare to large market to competition, to build a successful career. Now, my job on the cultural level of 4workers, labor skill requirements have increased, leading university graduates entering the general labor positions and has broad prospects, education of “Popular“ is bound to pro
25、mote socio-professional and post to “popular“, which is an inevitable trend. Higher university graduates with social changes in the pattern of employment change. SMEs become the main source of employment. The service sector, foreign, joint ventures, private enterprises, state-owned enterprises need
26、a large number of high-quality technical talent, management and marketing professionals, but also for university graduates to create a good employment environment. Third, entrepreneurial education graduates. This new means of employment, can solve their own employment, but also provide the community
27、 with a new wider job market. In short, graduates must enhance their sense of crisis, taking advantage of college studying more knowledge, to arm themselves with knowledge of the mind, with the wisdom of the success rate of weight increase employment, learning to master the professional knowledge, b
28、ut also enhance social practice, the ability to properly take down-every step of the workplace. In short, the employment of college graduates in the coming stage will be a more prominent issue. But as long as the party and government attaches importance to make full use of macro-control means in pol
29、icy support, take all effective measures to give full play to the role of the market; all colleges and universities to market demand Wei-oriented, competitive edge to Pei Yang Wei targets students training personnel; to Da Xuesheng with excellent professional knowledge, good overall quality and prof
30、essionalism to participate in market competition, the difficult problem of employment of college graduates, there is hope to gradually be resolved.5在精英教育阶段,高等教育是稀缺资源乃至是社会特权,这种情况下的大学生是“皇帝女儿不愁嫁”,大学生就业是由国家统一分配;而大众化教育阶段,接受高等教育将成为大多数人的权利。因此,大学生也由精英教育阶段的“天之骄子”变为了大众化教育的“普通老百姓” 。大学生也不再是计划经济体制下的“宠儿”,已没有了计划经济
31、体制下的统包统分,而是在“自主择业,双向选择”的就业制度下,被推向了市场化就业的轨道,公平地参与社会就业竞争。邓伟志认为:“弱势群体是指创造财富、聚敛财富能力较弱,就业竞争能力、基本生活能力较差的人群。 ”当大学生就业纳入市场化就业轨道中,就业竞争就不可避免。所以,在就业竞争中,那些处于竞争劣势或竞争能力较差的大学生就属于就业弱势群体。大学生就业弱势群体弱势群体是一个相对概念。从大的来说,国家和个人,个人是弱势群体;贫穷者和富有者,贫穷者是弱势群体;从大学生就业来说,女大学生,招聘屡屡受到性别歧视,或出身贫寒,无依无靠,或学业欠佳,学历较低,或性格内向,不善言辞,或相貌平平,屡屡碰壁,或毕业非
32、重点、非名校构成了大学生就业弱势群体。为此，我们需要做好以下几个方面的工作：1.转变用人观念，科学合理用人虽然用人单位有了充分的人力资源选择，“温饱以后馒头不是非吃不可” ，但我们仍然不能回避一个现实：许多人达到温饱以后常以为“吃得越贵越健康” ，而科学证明，吃的高价并不代表着吃的健康；用人观念也一样，用的人才学历越高，并不一定代表着适合自身，有的岗位专科生就可以胜任，没必要安排本科生甚至研究生来做，使人才“物尽其用” 。随着市场经济的发展，用人单位应逐渐抛弃过去重学历、轻能力的观念，而应将考察和录取人才的重点放在人才可以为本单位创造什么样的价值上。2.建设网络平台，提供就业信息当前，大学毕业
33、生就业的主渠道仍是各高校举办的供需见面会，其他择业方式只是一个补充。这种就业模式突出的问题是信息缺失或信息不对称，难以发挥较好的效果。因此，政府应搭建全国性的就业信息平台，延伸到各省、市、自治区和各高校、各企事业单位，使企事业单位和大学毕业生能够在全国范围内发布及时、准确的供需信息，在大范围实现双向选择。这样，每一个大学毕业生就可以通过网络平台在更大范围内寻找6自己的就业单位，各企事业单位也可以通过网络在各高校寻找自己需要的人才，使其逐步成为就业信息的主渠道。3.要加强就业指导，广开就业渠道为了缓解毕业生的就业难问题，对毕业生进行就业指导无疑是十分必要的。毕业生就业指导工作是一项融社会性、思想
34、性和艺术性为一体的系统工程，是新形势下对毕业生进行思想教育的有效形式，也是帮助指导毕业生求职择业，正确选择人生道路，成功地步入社会的重要途径。如何适应改革发展的新形势，做好毕业生就业指导工作，是摆在我们面前的重要课题。从高校的角度来讲，关键是有一个完善的毕业生就业服务系统。随着毕业生就业制度的改革，加强毕业生就业系统的建设是十分必要的。这就要求指导人员具有系统的理论知识和丰富的实践工作经验。因此，高校要对就业指导人员加强培训，制定培训工作计划，特别要加强计算机网络方面的培训。就业指导人员还应针对工作中的实际问题，加强科学研究，开展校际之间的经验交流，不断提高工作水平。注重搜集人才信息，广开就业
35、渠道，让学生了解就业市场行情，掌握就业技巧，为毕业生提供帮助，使学生顺利就业。4.提高大学生自身的素质，增强就业能力随着市场竞争越来越激烈以及人事制度改革的进一步深入，各单位对毕业生的素质要求将更高、更全面，招聘的公开性、透明度不断提高，市场化程度不断增强，竞争更加充分，毕业生择业必须比拼实力、比拼素质，毕业生的专业能力、综合素质、社会适应力越来越成为择业的筹码。怎样适应就业市场的这种变化呢？首先，要使大学生能正确评价自己。大学毕业生经过高校几年的培养，成为就业大军中的佼佼者，但是刚出学校大门的大学生一般都是动手能力差，缺少社会实践经验。因此，在寻求职业时应当把自己的起点定在一个合适的范围，不
36、要把自身的价值看得太高，应重视自己的发展，而不应看重个人的收入，要树立“学会生存”的择业观，主动将自我价值的实现于国家建设的实际需要联系起来，将个人追求美好生活的愿望与社会发展的客观现实联系起来，确立与市场经济体制、大众化教育相适应的就业观念。只有正确地估价自身的价值才能以正确的心态面对社会的选择。其次，大学生自己也要转变就业观念，不能两眼只盯着大城市、盯着机关、7事业单位，不能只想当干部、技术人员，不能留恋铁饭碗。要树立自强意识、竞争意识，要勤奋，要能吃苦，要敢于到大市场去竞争、去创一番事业。现在，我国就业岗位对劳动者文化水平、劳动技能的要求在不断提高，引导大学毕业生进入普通劳动岗位具有广阔
37、的前景，教育程度的“大众化”必然促进社会职业和岗位走向“大众化” ，这是一种必然的趋势。高等学校的大学毕业生也随着社会就业格局的变化而转变。中小企业成了就业的主渠道。服务行业、外资企业、合资企业、私营企业、国营企业需要大批高质量的技术人才、管理和营销人才，也为大学毕业生营造了良好的就业环境。第三，对毕业生进行创业教育。这种新的就业方式，可以在解决自己就业的同时，也为社会提供了新的更宽广的就业市场。总之，大学毕业生一定要增强就业危机感，趁着大学期间多学点知识，用知识武装自己的头脑，用智慧增加就业成功率的砝码，在学习掌握专业知识的同时，还要增强社会实践的能力，踏踏实实走好职场的每一步。总之，高校毕业生的就业问题在今后一个阶段内将是一个比较突出的问题。但只要党和政府重视，充分利用宏观调控手段在政策上予以支持，采取各种有效措施，充分发挥市场的作用；各高校以市场需求为导向，以培养学生竞争力为目标培养人才；使大学生以优异的专业知识、良好的综合素质和敬业精神参与市场竞争，高校毕业生就业难的问题就有希望逐步得到解决。
