1、基础化学常用英语词汇1. The Ideal-Gas Equation理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation范德华方程5. System and Surroundings系统与环境6. State and State Functions状态与状态函数7. Process过程8. Phase相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics热力学第一定律10. Heat and W
2、ork热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions反应热13. Hesss Law盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation生成焓15. Reaction Rates反应速率16. Reaction Order反应级数17. Rate Constants速率常数18. Activation Energy活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms反应机理21.Homogeneous Catal
3、ysis均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis非均相催化剂23. Enzymes酶24. The Equilibrium Constant平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction反应方向26. Le Chateliers Principle列 沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalysts i.体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy)熵
4、（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water水离解35. The Proton in Water水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions质子转移反应39. Conjug
5、ate Acid-Base Pairs共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions配离子的形成47. Solubility溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constan
6、t Ksp溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction半反应55. Galvani Cell原电池56. Voltaic Cell伏特电池57. Cell EMF电池电动势58. Stan
7、dard Electrode Potentials标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation能斯特方程61. Electrolysis电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons电子的波动性63. Bohrs Model of The Hydrogen Atom氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra线光谱65. Quantum Numbers量子数66. Electron Spin电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital原子轨道68. The s (p, d
8、, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations电子构型73. The Periodic Table周期表74. Row行75. Group族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements元素的周期律78. Ra
9、dius of Atoms原子半径79. Ionization Energy电离能80. Electronegativity电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities亲电性83. Metals金属84. Nonmetals非金属85. Valence Bond Theory价键理论86. Covalence Bond共价键87. Orbital Overlap轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds重键89. Hybrid Orbital杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model价层电子对互斥理论91. Mol
10、ecular Geometries分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules双原子分子94. Bond Length键长95. Bond Order键级96. Bond Angles键角97. Bond Enthalpies键能98. Bond Polarity键矩99. Dipole Moments偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules多原子分子102. Crystal Structure晶体结构103. Non-Crystal非晶体104. Close P
11、acking of Spheres球密堆积105. Metallic Solids金属晶体106. Metallic Bond金属键107. Alloys合金108. Ionic Solids离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids原子晶体114. Compounds化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Struc
12、ture of Complexes配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates螯合物118. Isomerism异构现象119. Structural Isomerism结构异构120. Stereoisomerism立体异构121. Magnetism磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Compl
13、exes四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals碱土金属128. Hydrides氢化物129. Oxides氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides氢氧化物132. Salts盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium,
14、 Thallium)硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead)碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates硅酸，硅酸盐1
15、41. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth)氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium)氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides硫化物147. Halo
16、gens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine)卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block El
17、ements f区元素157. Lanthanides镧系元素158. Radioactivity放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry核化学160. Nuclear Fission核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion核聚变162. analytical chemistry分析化学163. qualitative analysis定性分析164. quantitative analysis定量分析165. chemical analysis化学分析166. instrumental analysis仪器分析167. titrimetry滴定分析168. gravimetri
18、c analysis重量分析法169. regent试剂170. chromatographic analysis色谱分析171. product产物172. electrochemical analysis电化学分析173. on-line analysis在线分析174. macro analysis常量分析175. characteristic表征176. micro analysis微量分析177. deformation analysis形态分析178. semimicro analysis半微量分析179. systematical error系统误差180. routine an
19、alysis常规分析181. random error偶然误差182. arbitration analysis仲裁分析183. gross error过失误差184. normal distribution正态分布185. accuracy准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision精密度188. relative standard deviation相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation变异系数（CV）190. confidence level置信水平191. confidence interval置信区间192. signific
20、ant test显著性检验193. significant figure有效数字194. standard solution标准溶液195. titration滴定196. stoichiometric point化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error滴定误差199. primary standard基准物质200. amount of substance物质的量201. standardization标定202. chemical reaction化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium
21、化学平衡205. titer滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte电解质214. ion-product constant of water水的离子积21
22、5. ionization电离216. proton condition质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange甲基橙220. acid-base indicator酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein酚酞222. coordination compound配位化合物223. center ion中心离子224. cumulative stability constant累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient酸效应系数226. overall stability consta
23、nt总稳定常数227. ligand配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient副反应系数230. coordination atom配位原子231. coordination number配位数232. lone pair electron孤对电子233. chelate compound螯合物234. metal indicator金属指示剂235. chelating agent螯合剂236. masking掩蔽237. demasking解蔽238. electron电子239.
24、 catalysis催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst催化剂242. reduction还原243. catalytic reaction催化反应244. reaction rate反应速率245. electrode potential电极电势246. activation energy反应的活化能247. redox couple氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate重铬酸钾251. cerimetry铈量法252. redox indicat
25、or氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded化学需氧量(COD) 255. dissolved oxygen溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation沉淀反应257. argentimetry银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions多相离子平衡259. aging陈化260. postprecipitation继沉淀261. coprecipitation共沉淀262. ignition灼烧263. fitration过滤264. decantation倾泻法
26、265. chemical factor化学因数266. spectrophotometry分光光度法267. colorimetry比色分析268. transmittance透光率269. absorptivity吸光率270. calibration curve校正曲线271. standard curve标准曲线272. monochromator单色器273. source光源274. wavelength dispersion色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector检测系统277. bathochromic shift红移278. Molar a
27、bsorptivity摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift紫移280. acetylene乙炔281. ethylene乙烯282. acetylating agent乙酰化剂283. acetic acid乙酸284. adiethyl ether乙醚285. ethyl alcohol乙醇286. acetaldehtde乙醛287.-dicarbontl compound二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution双分子亲核取代反应290. ope
28、n chain compound开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule手性分子293. tautomerism互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism反应历程295. chemical shift化学位移296. Walden inversio瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph对映体298. addition rea ction加成反应299. dextro-右旋300. levo-左旋301. stereochemistry立体化学302. stereo isomer立体异构体3
29、03. Lucas reagent卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond共价键305. conjugated diene共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond共轭双键307. conjugated system共轭体系308. conjugated effect共轭效应309. isomer同分异构体310. isomerism同分异构现象311. organic chemistry有机化学312. hybridization杂化313. hybrid orbital杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound杂环化合物315. peroxid
30、e effect过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory价键理论317. sequence rule次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p吸电子基319. Huckel rule休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum红外光谱322. Michael reacton麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon卤代烃324. haloform reaction卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur系统命名法e326. Newman pro
31、jection纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound芳香族化合物328. aromatic character芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction
32、单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene苯338. functional grou官能团p339. configuration构型340. conformation构象341. confomational isome构象异构体342. electrophilic addition亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂346. nucleophili
33、c substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism顺反异构350. inductive effect诱导效应t351. Fehlings reagent费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction消除反应355. Grignard reagent格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnet
34、ic resonance核磁共振357. alkene烯烃358. allyl cation烯丙基正离子359. leaving group离去基团360. optical activity旋光性361. boat confomation船型构象362. silver mirror reaction银镜反应363. Fischer projection菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone酮367. carboxylic acid羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration硼氢化反应370. bond oength键长371. bond energy键能372. bond angle键角373. carbohydrate碳水化合物374. carbocation碳正离子375. carbanion碳负离子376. alcohol醇377. Gofmann rule霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde醛379. Ether醚380. Polymer聚合物
