1、Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 单元测试（人教版选修 8，重庆专用）(满分： 120 分，时间：120 分钟)第一部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分)第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)从 A、B、C 、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1Tomorrow the mayor is to_a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.Acoordinate BcooperateC accompany Dassociate解析 句意：明天，市长将陪同
2、一行加拿大商人在这个城市旅行。coordinate(使)协调，( 使)一致，(使)同等；cooperate 合作；accompany 陪同，陪伴；associate 联系。答案 C2I_you here. What are you here for?Adont expect Bwont expectC didnt expect Dwouldnt expect解析 句意：我没想到你在这儿。你到这儿干什么？“没想到”只是过去的事，故选 C。答案 C3Not until it began to rain_how late it had been.Adidnt I realize Bdid I rea
3、lizeC I didnt realize DI realized 解析 句意：直到开始下雨，我才意识到天多晚了。not until 位于句首，后面主句使用部分倒装，故选 B。答案 B4Your products look very beautiful，but not very_so our company doesnt want to buy them.Areal BtrueC practical Dactual解析 句意：你们的产品看起来美观，但不是很实用。因此我们公司不想买。real 真的；true 真正的；practical 实用的；actual 实际的。答案 C5John enjoy
4、s watching the TV programs on_events while his wife is fond of American plays.Anow BcurrentC actual Dpractical解析 考查形容词辨析。句意：约翰喜欢看关于时事的电视节目，但他妻子喜欢看美剧。current 意为 “现在的，当前的” ，current events“时事” ，符合句意。now“现在” ；actual“真实的” ；practical“实际的” 。答案 B6It is not_for me to return all the books to the library now b
5、ecause I still need some of them for my research.Acontinuous BdifficultC convenient Dsufficient解析 句意：我现在不方便把所有的书归还到图书馆，因为为了研究，我仍然需要其中的一部分。It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事。答案 C7It is_that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work.Aabrupt BabsurdC adverse Daddictive解析
6、 abrupt 突然的，唐突的； absurd 荒谬的；adverse 不利的，逆向的，有害的； addictive 上瘾的。答案 B8Its a good idea.But whos going to_the plan?I think Tom and John will.Aget on Bget offC get through Dgo through解析 句意：这是个好主意，但将由谁来完成这个计划？我认为汤姆和约翰可以。get through 接通，完成。答案 C9He decided to_the moment and ask her to borrow him some money.A
7、achieve Bkeep C seize Dfinish解析 考查动词辨析。句意：他决定抓住时机向她借钱。此处 seize 是“抓住( 时机 )“的意思。答案 C10The moment she came back from work, she_to clean the kitchen thoroughly.Aset about Bset outC set off Dset up解析 考查 set 相关短语的辨析。 句意：她下班回来，就开始彻底打扫厨房。表示“开始(做) ”可以用 set about 或 set out，但 set about 后跟动名词，set out 后跟不定式。set
8、off 表示“动身，出发” ；set up 表示“建立” 。答案 B11The car was in good working_when I started out this morning.Aorder BformC state Dcircumstance解析 考查名词辨析。 句意：今天早晨我出发时，它性能良好。form 意为“形态，形状，外型” ；state 意为“状态，情形” ，一般指“思想，社会，道路，健康等”情况；circumstance 指“环境” ；working order 指的是机器的工作状态，故选 A。答案 A12Friendship is like money：easie
9、r made than_.Akept Bto be keptC keeping Dbeing kept解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：友谊就像金钱：容易得到但是却不容易保存。句子主语 friendship 与动词 keep 之间为被动关系，根据前后并列的原则可知选 A。答案 A13Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may be_into giving away vital information. Acaught BcapturedC seized Dtrapped解析 句意：答题前要三思，你也许会上当从而泄露重要信息。tra
10、p sb into doing sth 意为 “使某人陷入圈套；使陷于困境” 。 catch 意为“捉住，捕获，逮住” ；capture 意为“俘虏；捕获” ；seize 意为“抓住” 。答案 D14I cant bear_food thrown away, because there are so many people suffering from hunger in other parts of the world.Asee BseeingC being Dto be seen解析 考查 bear 的用法。句意：我不忍看到食物被扔掉，因为在世界上的其他地方还有很多人正在挨饿。bear 作
11、动词意为“忍受，容忍 ”，后接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。答案 B15It is important to_between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.Adetermine BidentifyC explore Ddistinguish解析 distinguish between .and .区分和。答案 D二、完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面两篇短文，掌握大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的四个选项(A、 B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。(A)The car
12、，running along the welllit road，now sank in darkness.I broke the_16_on purpose，for fear that the driver was too tired to drive.“When do you go back home in the evening？” “9 oclock after this trip.”“Then when do you come out in the morning？”I threw out another question.“9 oclock，too just as if I work
13、ed at an office.”His_17_surprised me，because every time I ride a taxi，what I hear from the driver are only complaints that they have to work from morning till night，its hard to earn money，theyre often_18_by the police，or that their leaders are seated lazily，_19_the fruits.But this driver told me， “I
14、 find it tiring to be a section chief as I was before.I like driving just for_20_.Its fortunate that I hardly drive without a passenger.So I earn two or three thousand yuan a month with ease.Yes，I never_21_an empty taxi.If it goes southward，I go northward.If it goes along a highway，I_22_into a narro
15、w street.”His words showed his_23_with his life and the pride he took in his job.Such feelings are so_24_among people nowadays as oxygen in high mountains.As an ancient saying goes， “Neither joy in material_25_nor grieve(悲痛)over personal setbacks.”How many people nowadays can show high ideals by_26_
16、living and go far with a calm mind？I couldnt help feeling curious when finding such a state of mind in a stranger on a cold_27_.16A.window Bstillness Cquietness Dsilence解析 根据 for fear that the driver was too tired to drive 可知，作者有意打破沉 默，以免司机因为疲劳而出问题。答案 D17A.easiness Bconfidence Cattitude Dcharacter解析
17、 从这个司机的回答看，他不像别的出租车司机那样辛苦，他如此自在， 这让“我”感到十分诧异。这里用 easiness 表示“自在，自如” 。答案 A18A.fined Bordered Cdetected Dseized解析 赚钱很难，而且经常被警察罚款。从语境和选项看，出租车司机应是 被警察“罚款(fined) ”。答案 A19A.keeping Btasting Cenjoying Dchoosing解析 或者埋怨说，领导懒洋洋地坐在办公室里享受(enjoying)他们的劳动果 实。答案 C20A.freedom Bpleasure Chobby Dcompany解析 从前面的叙述可推知，这
18、个人觉得当出租车司机很惬意：他每天不用 早起，不用晚归，而且自己每个月能赚到足够的钱。答案 B21A.meet B admire Cenvy Dfollow解析 我从来不跟在(follow) 跑空车的出租车后面。答案 D22A.look Bknock Cturn Dcrash解析 这样的车向南开，我就开车往北去。它走大路，我就拐入狭窄的街道。 turn into 意为“拐入，驶入” 。答案 C23A.intelligence Bsatisfaction C competition Dhonesty解析 从上文这个司机的叙述看，他很满意(satisfaction)自己开出租车的生活。答案 B24
19、A.common Bregular C serious Drare解析 如此自足感在现代人中比高山上的氧气还要稀少(rare)。答案 D25A.gains Bconcerns C supports Dloss解析 就像一句老话所说的， “不以物喜，不以己悲” ，即不以物质的收获(gains)为喜，不以个人的挫折为痛苦。答案 A26A.special Bhappy Coriginal Dsimple解析 simple 与前面的 high 相对，符合语境。答案 D27A.morning Bnight Cmoment Dseason解析 文章开头就暗示了故事发生的时间是晚上(night)。答案 B(
20、B)Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die.But people now live longer than they used to.Yet，all living things still show the_28_of aging，which will eventually result in death.Aging is not a disease，but as a person passes maturity(成熟期)，the cells of the body an
21、d the_29_they form do not function as well as they did in childhood and teenage years.The body provides less_30_against diseases and is more_31_to have accidents.A number of related causes may_32_to aging.Some cells of the body have a fairly long life，but they are not_33_when they die.As a person ag
22、es，the number of brain cells and muscle cells decreases.Other body cells die and are replaced by new cells.In an aging person the new cells may not be as_34_or as capable of growth as those of a young person.Aging may affect the_35_and change the informationcarrying molecules so that they do not tra
23、nsmit the information as well.28A.function Beffect Caffect Dsign解析 根据下文中的定语从句所表示的意义进行判断，这里所填入的单词应 该表示“衰老的结果”这一意义。effect 意为“结果，影响” ，正是此义。function 功能，机能，作用；affect 影响，感动，是动词； sign 标记。答案 B29A.hands Bfeet Cheart Dorgans解析 根据上下文及信息词 cells 可确定句中是指所有的器官。而其他三项所 指的都是身体的具体部位。答案 D30A.energy Bprotection C vigor
24、Dpower解析 protection 保护，保护物，和介词 against 或 from 连用，译为“保护 免遭” 。身体此时的免疫力下降，易于患病；energy 精力，活力；vigor 力量，活力；power 权力，力气。答案 B31A.likely Bprobable Cpossible Dalike解析 likely，possible 和 probable 三者都表示可能，均可以构成： It is possible/probable/likelythat 从句。但 probable 和 possible 不能用于 sb.is possible/probable to do sth.句型
25、中。alike 相似的，不符合题意。答案 A32A.attend Bcontribute Cadd Ddevote解析 有一些相关的原因可能促使人衰老。contribute to 有助于，起作用，促 成，符合题意。attend to 专心于；add to 增加，把添加到；devote to 致力于，献身于。答案 B33A.replaced Breborn Crecovered Dsurrendered解析 此句与下文相对应，根据下文出现的 replaced(代替)可确定该空选replaced； reborn 新生，复活；recovered 恢复；surrendered 屈服。答案 A34A.n
26、ew Bstrong Cworkable Dold解析 老年人的新细胞的工作能力和生长能力不如年轻人强。其他选项明显 意义不当。答案 C35A.improvement Bprocession C approach Dprocess解析 从通篇文章所叙述的人的衰老的过程分析，我们应该在此处选填process。表示“自然的过程，进程” ，符合上下文意义；improvement 改良；procession 队伍，行列； approach 方式，方法。答案 D第二部分 阅读理解 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。
27、AAn online post listing office peoples four mosthated modern inventions is gaining popularity. Read on to discover what modern professionals dislike.Number one: The punch(打卡) machine.32yearold Mr.Zhang works for an IT company. He lists the punch machine as his number one workday enemy after a number
28、 of unavoidable incidents made him late to punch in for work. Zhang says most of his colleagues are hardworking people, but they feel like the boss doesnt trust them when he uses a machine to evaluate their performance. Zhang plans to find another job at a company that does not use a punch machine.N
29、umber two: Instant noodles.More and more people today realize that instant noodles do not make a healthy meal, but lack of time forces many whitecollar workers to eat them instead of a regular dinner. 27yearold Mr.Zhu is a salesperson who is so busy at work that he doesnt even have time to wash his
30、socks. He regularly eats fast food takeaways or instant noodles for dinner.Number three: Mattresses.Some elder employees tell newcomers that having a mattress at work is just like having a home at the company. To encourage their employees to work overtime, a number of companies have issued their emp
31、loyees with mattresses so that they can take a rest under their desks at any time of a day. People have started refusing the mattress and taking better care of their health after the media reported on a number of people who died due to overwork last year.And last, but not least, the mobile phone.A s
32、urgeon from a Beijing hospital says more and more whitecollar workers are turning up with a strange disease which they call “mobile phone elbow”. The patients elbows are painful, and sometimes they cant even raise their hands. The doctor says the disease occurs when patients spend more than 4 hours
33、on their mobiles.【语篇解读】 你想知道白领最痛恨的四个现代发明吗？请看网上公布的结果。36Why do some employees want to find a job in a company without punch machines?AThey often meet with unavoidable incidents on his way to work.B They feel less trusted when evaluated with the punch machine.C It is unnecessary for them to punch in fo
34、r work every day.DThey can work less hard in companies without punch.解析 细节理解题。从第二段的第三句中的“but they feel like the boss doesnt trust them when he uses a machine to evaluate their performance”可知，当使用机器来评估他们的工作表现时，雇员们会有一种老板不信任他们的感觉。答案 B37Whitecollar workers have to eat instant noodles because they_.Acant
35、make a healthy mealB cant afford a regular dinnerC dont have time to wash their socksDare always so busy at work解析 细节理解题。从第三段的第一句可知，白领们吃方便面是因为工作忙，没有时间。答案 D38In the eyes of the boss, the mattresses can_.Amake employees work more timeB make the new comers love the companyC make employees have a good r
36、est at any timeDtake care of the employeeshealth解析 细节理解题。从第四段的第二句中”To encourage their employees to work overtime”可知，老板把床垫放在办公室是为了让雇员延长工作时间。故选 A 项。答案 A39According to the doctor，_.Athe painful elbow caused by mobile phone cant be curedB only whitecollar workers turn up with the painful elbowC long tim
37、e of using mobile phones possibly causes the painful elbowDif your elbows are painful, or you cant raise your hands, you catch the disease解析 细节理解题。从最后一段的最后一句可知长时间使用手机的人易患”手机肘”这种病。答案 CBIf cars had wings，they could fly and that just might happen, beginning in 2011.The company Terrafugia, based in Wobu
38、rn, Massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its carplane, the Transition, to customers by the end of 2011.“Its the nextwowvehicle， ”said Terrafugia vice president Richard Gersh.“Anybody can buy a Ferrari, but as we say, Ferraris dont fly.”The car plane has wings that unfold for flyinga process the c
39、ompany says takes one minuteand fold back up for driving.A runway is still required to take off and land.The Transition is being marketed more as a plane that drives than a car that flies, although it is both.The company has been working with FAA to meet aircraft regulations, and with the National H
40、ighway Traffic Safety Administration to meet vehicle safety regulations.The company is aiming to sell the Transition to private pilots as a more convenient and cheaper way to fly.They say it saves you the trouble from trying to find another mode of transportation to get to and from airports: You dri
41、ve the car to the airport and then youre good to go.When you land, you fold up the wings and hit the road.There are no expensive parking fees because you dont have to store it at an airportyou park it in the garage at home.The carplane is designed to fly primarily under 10,000 feet.It has a maximum
42、takeoff weight of 1,430 pounds, including fuel and passengers.Terrafugia says the Transition reduces the potential for an accident by allowing pilots to drive under bad weather instead of flying into marginal(临界)conditions.The Transitions price tag: $194,000, But there may be additional charges for
43、options like a radio, transponder or GPS.Another option is a fullplane parachute.“If you get into a very awful situation, it is the necessary safety option， ”Gersh said.So far，the company has more than 70 orders with deposits.“Were working very closely with them, but there are still some remaining s
44、teps， ”Brown said.【语篇解读】 大千世界，无奇不有。一种既能够在陆地上行驶，又可以在空中飞行的汽车式飞机即将诞生。40We can learn from the first paragraph that_.Acarplanes will be popular in 2011B people might drive a carplane in 2011C both Transition and Ferrari can take off and landDRichard Gersh is the vice president of Massachusetts解析 推理判断题。第一
45、段提到这家公司计划在 2011 年的年底之前推出这款新产品，由此可推测 B 项正确。答案 B41It takes the carplane one minute to_.Afold and unfold its wingsB unfold wings for flyingC land in the airportDmeet flying safety regulations解析 细节理解题。根据第三段可知它打开飞行用的机翼需要一分钟的时间。答案 B42According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?AThe carpla
46、ne needs a runway to take off and land.B To mcet aircraft regulations, the company has been working with FAA.C The carplane may fly as high as normal planes.DPeople can park the carplane in the garage at their home.解析 推理判断题。第六段的第一句提到这款产品设计的起初飞行高度是一万英尺以下，由此可知它不能和正常的飞机飞行同样的高度。答案 C43The underlined word
47、“it”in the last but one paragraph refers to_.Athe radio Bthe transponderC the GPS Dthe fullplane parachute解析 词义猜测题。根据本句前半句中的内容可推测此处指代的是上段最后一句中提到的 fullplane parachute(降落伞)。答案 DCThe iPhone, the iPad: each of Apples products sounds cool and has become a fad(一时的风尚). Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter “i” and many other brands are following suit. The BBCs iPlayer which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet adopted the title in 2008. A lovely bear popular in the US and UKth
