河南省孟津县2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解（打包10套）.zip

1河南孟津县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解能力练习（二）（2016 高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.Because no light can get out, people can't see black holes. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other ones.Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “staff”， in an object.Another kind of black hole is called “stellar”(星球黑洞). Its mass can be up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun. There may be many stellar mass black holes in Earth's galaxy. Earth's galaxy is called the Milky Way.The largest black holes are called “supermassive”(超大质量黑洞). These black holes have masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began. Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or falls apart. When this happens, it exploded part of the star into space. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in.A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientists can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting a black hole.When a black hole and a star are close together, high－energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high－energy light.2【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述太空黑洞的形成原因和科学家们如何了解黑洞现象的。1．The gravity of a black hole may become so strong that light cannot get out when________．A．the star is going to dieB．special tools are used on itC．other stars come close to itD．it is seen from the space telescopes答案 A [推理判断题，根据文章的第一段，特别是关键句 This can happen when a star is dying 可知黑洞是因为星星的陨落造成的。故选 A。]2．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?A．A black hole can be very tiny but extremely heavy.B．The gravity of a black hole holds all light in its center.C．Scientists observe high－energy light through their own eyes.D．Some small black holes came into being as early as the universe.答案 C [推理判断题，根据文章的最后一段 When a black hole and a star are close together, high－energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high－energy light 可知科学家们观察高能量的星星是通过望远镜和卫星观察的，不是用肉眼观察的，故选C。]3．Which can be inferred from the passage?A．Every galaxy must have a black hole.B．A galaxy is the center of the universe.C．A galaxy consists of a large group of stars and planets.D．Earth's galaxy is called the Milky Way.答案 C [推理判断题。根据第五段的 Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center 可知选 C。]4．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest?A．Neither the sun nor the earth is as heavy as a black 3hole.B．There is only one supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.C．The supermassive black hole had existed before the Milky Way was formed.D．There is a reason why the large black holes are called “supermassive”．答案 D [推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段和第三段推断。故选 D。]5．The last two paragraphs mainly focus on the question of________．A．what a black hole isB．how black holes formC．how big black holes areD．how scientists know about black holes答案 D [主旨大意题。文章的最后两段都在说明科学家们是怎么样了解黑洞现象的，故选 D。]【2014 高考英语马鞍山市质量检测】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。My wife Julie and I were out on the road that runs around where we live, when we saw an old worn-out dog stumbling (蹒跚) painfully up the road. We stopped, bent down, talked gently to the dog and patted it. I checked and there was a collar with a phone number. I called but no one answered.The dog was painfully thin. So Julie ran home to get some of our dog’s food while I tried to encourage the dog. After Julie came back, we sat down on the sidewalk while our new friend made short work of the food. Eventually we got her home. After trying for many times we got a response from the number. A lady came around with a bunch of flowers for us. She explained that Tara had been her father’s dog. She was very old and got lost that morning. So, Tara was safely returned home.Here is the truth of the story:Actually Julie and I were out that morning because I was leaving. She was trying to 4persuade me to come back, but I wasn’t hearing anything that made that sound likely. I was about to turn and go when an old black dog walked between us and almost fell down. Suddenly we had something more important than our problem to worry about. There was a creature in need right before us and we had to work together to help it.We did help it. And here I am writing the story in my own home, in my own family.In the song “Love Is Not a Fight” Warren Barfield talks about marriage. At one point he sings, “And if we try to leave, may God send angels (天使) to guard the door.”Sometimes angels come disguised (伪装) as dogs. 60. How was the dog when found?A. Too weak to walk. B. Thin and worn out. C. Unable to eat food. D. Homeless but gentle.61. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that .A. the dog didn’t go with the writer B. the writer had his own pet dog C. Julie bought some food for the dog D. the dog didn’t eat any of the food62. The underlined part “our problem” in the passage refers to the fact that .A. the writer didn’t want to take Julie’s adviceB. an old black dog appeared in front of themC. Julie disagreed with the writer’s travel on business D. the couple had some trouble with their marriage63. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. An Angel Dog B. A Helpful Couple C. Saving the Dog D. A Famous Song【参考答案】60—63 BBDA 【2014 高考英语马鞍山市质量检测】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 We would like to wish all our readers a wonderful winter break. Our January magazine is now in the shops and 5available digitally. We’re looking forward to sharing more adventures and discoveries with you in 2014, including:At a crossroads in the AtlanticAs the population of Ascension Island rises up to mark the 200th anniversary of British rule, Fred Pearce wonders what the future might have in store for this strange part of land.Photostory: On the road againA selection of images from an exhibition opening this month at the Royal Geographical Society go hand in hand with M Aurel Stein’s early 20th century photographs of the Silk Road.Dossier: Going undergroundMark Rowe discusses the role that carbon storage can play in the global effort to reduce carbon dioxide emission (排放).Net lossKit Gillet reports from the Gulf of Thailand, whose fisheries (渔场) have been almost destroyed by the commercialization of the Thai fishing industry.And don’t forget… …a round-up of the latest geographical and climate science news; a hot spot focus on Turkey; advice on taking photographs in Antarctica; an interview with Lucien Castaing-Taylor, professor of visual arts at Harvard; plus lots, lots more…Buy your copy now, click here and save up to 35% or call +44 (0)1635 588 496. Geographical is also available in WHSmith and many independent news agents.56. Who took photos of the Silk Road?A. M Aurel Stein. B. Fred Pearce. C. Mark Rowe. D. Lucien Castaing-Taylor.57. If you want to read something about global warming, you can read .A. At a crossroads in the Atlantic B. Photostory: On the road againC. Dossier: Going underground D. Net loss58. Which of the following statements is true?A. Ascension Island has a bright future with more population.B. Commercialization contributes to the loss of fishery in Thai.C. The January edition of 2014 is to come out in the winter break.D. The topics of this magazine focus on geography and interviews. 659. The passage is written to .A. share adventures and discoveries B. give advice on taking photosC. attract readers to buy the magazine D. introduce the content of the magazine【参考答案】56—59 ACBC 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。The Child Ego StateThe Child ego state is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings which are replayed from our own childhood.Perhaps the boss calls us into his or her office, we may immediately get a churning in our stomach and wonder what we have done wrong. If this were explored we might remember the time the head teacher called us in to tell us off. Of course, not everything in the Child ego state is negative. We might go into someone’s house and smell a lovely smell and remember our grandmother’s house when we were little, and all the same warm feelings we had at six years of age may come flooding back.The Child ego states are constantly being updated. For example, we may meet someone who gives us the permission we needed as a child, and did not get, to be fun and joyous. We may well use that person in our imagination when we are stressed to resist our old ways of thinking that we must work longer and longer hours to keep up with everything. We might ask ourselves “I wonder what X would say now.” Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and take some time out, do just that and then return to the work renewed and ready for the challenge. Afterwards, rather than blaming ourselves for what we did or did not do, what tends to happen is that we automatically start to give ourselves new permissions and take care of ourselves.Alternatively, we might have had an extremely unpleasant experience yesterday which goes into the Child ego state as an antique memory that stands in the way of our growth. Positive 7experiences will also go into the Child ego state as antique memories. The positive experiences can then be drawn on to remind us that positive things do happen. The process of analyzing personality in terms of ego states is called structural analysis. It is important to remember that ego states do not have an existence of their own. They are concepts to enable understanding. Therefore it is important to say “I want some fun” rather than “My Child wants some fun.” We may be in our Child ego state when we say this, but saying “I” reminds us to take responsibility for our actions. 1. The writer uses two examples in Paragraph 2 in order to _____.A. support the idea in Paragraph 1 B. explain why we become nervous C. prove the Child ego state is negative D. introduce the point of Paragraph 3 2. By asking “I wonder what X would say now”, we intend to __________. A. blame ourselves B. accept challengesC. keep up with everything D. avoid stress 3. According to the passage, the Child ego state __________.A. shows one’s wisdom B. influences one’s actions C. limits one’s thoughts D. exists in one’s childhood4. The underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refers to __________.A. structural analysis B. “My Child wants some fun”C. the Child ego state D. “I want some fun”【参考答案】1---4. ADBD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。The Cave Crawler mining robotWhy do human beings still risk their lives under ground and doing one of the dirtiest and most dangerous jobs in the world? It’s an increasingly urgent question,given the recent high-profile(引人注目的)mining accidents in Sago, W. Va., and Huntington, Utah. A small group 8of engineers and robotics experts envision(展望)a day in the not-too-distant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining workOne of the first mining robots was developed five years ago at Carnegie-Mellon University’s Robotics Institute. It was called Groundhog and it looked like a golf cart. It used lasers to “see” in dark tunnels and map abandoned mines—some of the most dangerous work in the business. The latest prototype is called Cave Crawler. It’s a bit smaller than Groundhog, and even more advanced. It can take photos and video and has sensors mounted that can detect the presence of dangerous gases. Incredibly, the robot has a real sense of logic. If it comes across an obstacle it gets momentarily confused, it has to think through the process and where to go next, and sometimes it throws a fit just like a real person.The biggest obstacle, though, is cost. The original research project was federally funded, but that money has dried up, and it’s not clear where future funding will come from. Partly for that reason, and partly because of advances in safety, mining is not nearly as dangerous as it was in the past. Since 1990, fatalities have declined by 67 percent, and injuries by 51 percent, according to the National Mining Association.Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive industry. The robots do the most repetitive and dangerous jobs, but don’t eliminate the need for human workers. 5.The latest robot is more advanced than Groundhog mainly because .A. it can map abandoned minesB. the robot has a real sense of logicC. it can see in the dark tunnelD. it’s a bit smaller than Groundhog6.We can infer from the last paragraph that .A. the mine robots will have a very bright futureB. robots in mines will serve much in the automotive industryC. there will be no need for human workers in minesD. robots in mines have a long way to go7. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A. High-profile mining accidents in America.9B. The development of robot.C. Could robots replace humans in mines?D. Cave Crawler, the latest robot.【参考答案】 5---7. BAC1河南孟津县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解能力练习（三）（2016 高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文 话题：社会现象 词数：390 时间：8′It's midnight in Taiwan.While some people are slowly walking home through the busy streets，or getting ready to hit the club scene，others are on their way to a more unusual place—a bookstore.The Eslite store in central Taipei opens 24 hours and has more visitors than most Western bookstores could dream of during their daytime hours.Here，young and old sit side­by­side on small steps or around reading tables，deeply absorbed in literary worlds.Others stand and some sit on the floor，all reading in silence as soft classical music flows out from the speakers.The Eslite Group，which runs the five­story store，opened its first branch in Taipei in 1989.Today，25 years on，the company runs 42 stores in Taiwan，one in Hong Kong and has powerful plans to expand in mainland China.The chain's rise comes at a time when bookstores in the United States and Europe are struggling to survive，with some forced to wind__up due to growing pressure from online competitors like Amazon.In the United Kingdom，a third of all independent bookstores have closed down in the last decade.And the last major book seller in the U．S.—Barnes & Noble—is shutting stores as its management struggles to meet the challenges from its digital competitors.Eslite has hit upon an idea to avoid this—making the store as much a place for books as it is for design，fashion and home styling，small cafes and restaurants.It reported revenue (收入) of around $425 million in 2013，with books accounting for some 40 percent of sales.The mix of literature and design has made the store a place for bookworms，allowing the company to ignore the challenges of the digital age.“It is our belief that the more digital the society (becomes)，the more we treasure the warmth of the interconnection， ”Timothy Wang，the manager，says.“This key idea makes Eslite hardly influenced by the changes of the industry.”Eslite's success may seem counter­intuitive(反直觉的) especially when it seems most late­night visitors treat it like a library，leaving empty handed after hours of free reading.Eslite's Timothy Wang says that the business is successful because it creates “a friendly environment” and treats “books as well as the visitors with great enthusiasm.”2【语篇解读】 文章介绍了为什么台湾图书销售繁荣，因为有很多可以看书的夜店。1．According to the passage，we can know that ________．A．people in Taipei have no time to read in the daytimeB．people in Taipei enjoy reading in the Eslite storeC．the Eslite Group is a good place to chat with friendsD．the Eslite store attracts many Western readers答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段后三句内容可知，台北诚品书店 24 小时营业，它拥有的顾客比许多西方国家书店里白天的顾客还多。在这里，老人和小孩挨着坐在小阶梯上或者紧挨着书桌，深深地陷入文学世界。有的站着看，还有的坐在地板上看，柔和的古典音乐从扬声器里流淌出来，所有的人都在只剩音乐的一片寂静中阅读书籍。由此可知，台北的人们喜欢在诚品书店读书。]2．What's the meaning of the underlined phrase “wind up” in Paragraph 2?A．Find out. B．Support.C．Develop. D．Shut down.答案 D [词义猜测题。根据第二段“The chain's rise comes at a time when bookstores in the United States and Europe are struggling to survive.In the United Kingdom，a third of all independent bookstores have closed down in the last decade.”可知台北诚品连锁书店正在崛起，而此时美国和欧洲的书店正惨淡经营。在过去的十年里，英国三分之一的独立书店已经停业。由此可知，由于来自电商竞争者的压力日益剧增，比如亚马逊，有的书店不得不被迫“关门” 。画线短语的意思是：关门，停业。]3．How does the Eslite Group enlarge its business according to Paragraph 3?A．By selling books online.B．By competing with digital competitors.C.By making its store comfortable and relaxing.D．By selling books at a low price.答案 C [推理判断题。根据第三段“Eslite has hit upon an idea to avoid this—making the store as much a place for books as it is for design，fashion and home styling，small cafes and restaurants.”可知，诚品书店突发奇想出了一个躲避低潮的办法——把书店打造成一个有设计感、时尚、家庭风格的小咖啡馆和餐厅式的地方。由此可推知，诚品书店把书店打造成一个舒适、放松的地方吸引更多的读者。]4．Which is the best title for this passage?3A．How to sell books in the digital ageB．Ways of managing a bookstore successfullyC．Why book selling is successful in TaiwanD．The measures taken to protect the booksellers in the digital age答案 C [标题判断题。文章主要介绍了台湾的诚品书店在电商时代是如何取得成功的。]2016 高考训练--阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict(迷),” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled(皱的).” Today David wears casual clothes — khaki pants and a sports shirt — to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow. In the early 1990s,many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday).This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing,” said business adviser Maisly Jones.Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work. Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more 4casual clothes.”25.David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict” because ____.A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirtB. he couldn't stand a clean appearanceC. he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the timeD. he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes26. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because _________.A. they make him feel at ease when workingB. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothesC. he looks handsome in casual clothesD. he no longer works for any company27. According to this passage, which of the following is FALSE?A. Many workers don’t like a conservative dress code.B. Comfortable clothes make workers more productive.C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers.D. All the employers in the U.S. are for casual office wear.28. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT ______________.A. saving worker’s money B. making workers more attractiveC. improving worker’s feeling D. making workers happier参考答案 25—28、CADB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Faced with a tough job market, fresh graduates are dreaming of running their own businesses instead．But a recent survey has showed that such ambitions lack the required support and remain just that—dreams．The Shanghai Municipal Employment Promotion Center poll of 1,276 graduates in several universities and colleges in the city, released last Friday, showed 59．78 percent of respondents considered the possibility of setting up a company or at least a small store． “But they just stop at the 'thinking' stage,“ it stated．5Respondents put the top reasons for not going it alone down to a shortage of investment and a lack of business opportunity．They also listed lack of business experience and social networks, the need tor advanced study and objections from family members as factors that stood in their way．More than 90 percent of the interviewees said they would rather take up a job after graduating and then consider starting their own business two or three years down the road．Guo Bing, a senior student in Shanghai International Studies University majoring in English, decided he wanted to be his own boss last year．But he is looking for a job first． “If I fail to find a satisfying job, I would like to establish a company in exhibition services,“ Guo said．The Shanghai native has some relatives working in a local printing plant．With their help, Guo hopes to produce exhibition brochures(小册子） at a relatively low price．He is also confident that his English language skills can help him do well in the industry． “Social networking is an important factor leading to business success,“ Guo said． Guo said that the shortage of graduate jobs is the main reason driving more university students to set up a business right after their graduation．Jiang said the university sets up a business guide learn made of government officials and professionals．They regularly give training courses to students who show an interest in having their own business．The parents of university graduates are more willing to help their children start up alone, the survey showed．“Once you win the support of your family, you have won half the battle,“ Guo added．16．Which of the following can be the best title?A．A Tough Job Market B．Graduates Dream of Being BossC．The Ambitious Fresh Graduates D, The Story ot Guo Bing17．Which of the following does NOT stop fresh graduates realizing their dreams of being bosses?A．The lack of business opportunity and investment．B．The shortage of business experience.C．Less skilled English language．D．Their family members' objections．18．In the view of Guo Bing, what 'is the key factor -that makes fresh graduates dream of 6being boss soon after graduation?A．Their family don't support them． B．Their social networking is not good．C．There are not enough graduate jobs． D．They want to achieve greater success．19．All the following statements are true about Guo Bing EXCEPT _____．A．He has started his own business with the help of his relatives．B．English is his major in the university．C．He is trying to find a job which can satisfies him．D．He is a Shanghai native．20．Who is this article mostly intended for?A．The parents whose child goes to university soon.B．Those who will graduate from university．C．Those who want to be bosses．D．The officials who work in the government．【参考答案】16—20、BCCAB【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。For decades, public health officials have puzzled over a surprising fact about HIV: Only about 10-20 percent of infants who are breastfed by infected mothers catch the virus. Tests show, though, that HIV is indeed present in breast milk, so these children are exposed to the virus multiple times daily for the first several months of their lives.Now, a group of scientists and doctors from Duke University has figured out why these babies don’t get infected. Human breast milk naturally contains a protein called Tenascin C that neutralizes HIV and, in most cases, prevents it from being passed from mother to child. Eventually, they say, the protein could potentially be valuable as an HIV-fighting tool for both infants and adults that are either HIV-positive or at risk of contracting the infection.The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, was inspired 7by previous work by other researchers showing that, both in tissue cultures (组织培养) and live mice, breast milk from HIV-negativemothers was naturally endowed with HIV-fighting properties. Scientists suggested that a few different proteins in the milk could potentially be responsible, but no one knew which one.As part of the study, the researchers divided breast milk into smaller fractions (部分) made up of specific proteins via a number of filters (过滤) — separating the proteins by size, electrical charge and other characteristics—and tested which of these fractions, when added to a tissue culture, prevented the cells from being infected by HIV. Eventually, they found that one particular protein was present in all the HIV-resistant fractions but in none of the others: Tenascin C.Tenascin C works by blocking a key protein on HIV’s envelope that normally ties up to a receptor on a T cell’s membrane called CCR5. In doing so, Tenascin C prevents HIV from mixing with the T cell and injecting its RNA inside.Still, the researchers say that other natural elements in milk might play a role in fighting HIV as well. “It’s clearly not the whole story, because we do have samples that have low amounts of this protein but still have HIV-neutralizing activity,” the study’s lead author Permar says. “So it may be acting in concert with other antiviral and antimicrobial factors in the milk.”Whatever those other factors are, though, the finding vindicates (证明……的正确) recent changes to UN guidelines that recommend even HIV-positive mothers in resource-poor countries should breastfeed, if they’re taking anti-retroviral drugs to combat their own infection.The next steps, Permar says, are determining which area of Tenascin C is active and whether it can effectively prevent transmission in a live animal. If it works, it could potentially be incorporated (合并) into an HIV drug with broader applications. It’s even possible that it could someday be adapted to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in adults as well as infants.63. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. The breast milk from an infected mother doesn’t contain HIV at all.B. It’s less likely for infants feeding on infected mothers’ breast milk to catch HIV.C. The possibilities of infants catching HIV have nothing to do with infected mothers.D. Children breastfed by infected mothers won’t catch HIV though exposed to it frequently.864. Why did the researchers divide breast milk into smaller fractions?A. To find out Tenascin C. B. To make up specific proteins.C. To add them to a tissue culture. D. To test what prevents cells being infected.65. Which of the following about Tenascin C is true?A. It has become an effective tool in fighting HIV.B. It was first found by Permar and her research group.C. It can prevent transmission in a live animal effectively.D. It can sometimes prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.66. What can we know about Permar and her research group according to the passage?A. They have found a cure for HIV.B. They have helped change UN guidelines.C. They will do more researches on Tenascin C.D. Their finding is based on their previous work.【参考答案】63. B 64. D 65. D 66. C