广西平乐县2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解（打包9套）.zip

1广西平乐县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解能力练习阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C 或 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。You’re sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns(打哈欠). Suddenly, you’re yawning with him, though you’re not tired. This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathize with fellow humans. Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious(有感染力的) yawning, which showed that humans communicate regularly without words. Hugo Critchley, a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which will prove that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. According to Critchley, our mind and body are in constant exchange about how we’re feeling. “Emotions are closely linked with states of internal(内部的) responses,” he explained. “There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions. When we’re in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there’s the obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.”Hugo Critchley further explained, “Our bodies synchronise and when we like the other person, we even copy his behavior. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you’re sitting—it’s pretty likely that you will be the same. Scientists believe it’s our way of telling each other that we’re partners. Through body language, humans give each other very subtle(微妙的) but clear signals that show emotions.”So, what lessons can we learn from this? “Spend time with happy people—otherwise your health could suffer,” said Critchley. “When we’re sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.”1. According to Hugo Critchley, . 2A. emotions are as visible as facial expressionsB. we yawn more frequently when we have a coldC. emotions are connected with states of internal responsesD. the change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions2. The underlined word “synchronise” in Paragraph 4 means “ ”. A. move slowly B. change rapidlyC. relax temporarily D. respond accordingly3. From the passage we can learn . A. sadness is as contagious as happinessB. anger is less contagious than friendlinessC. surprise is more contagious than smileD. surprise is the most contagious among emotions4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans.B. Children like copying the actions of fellow humans.C. Scientists are still confused about contagious yawning.D. People tend to communicate more with body language.【参考答案】1—4、CDBA 3黑龙江省大庆市喇中 2016 高考英语阅读练习——新闻报道类A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists( 悲观者)who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96. The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,” wrote Frieder R. Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施),” the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes. However, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,” the authors concluded.4【小题 1】According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction? A．Optimistic adults.B．Middle-aged adults.C．Adults in poor health.D．Adults of lower income.【小题 2】Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ______. A．to fully enjoy their present lifeB．to estimate their contribution accuratelyC．to take measures against potential risksD．to value health more highly than wealth【小题 3】How do people of higher income see their future? A．They will earn less money.B．They will become pessimistic.C．They will suffer mental illness.D．They will have less time to enjoy life.【小题 4】What is the clear conclusion of the study? A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.B．Good financial condition leads to good health.C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。【四川省绵阳市 2014 高考英语一模试题】An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs 5without electricity.We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.Einstein's idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.“If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you're at sea level and that's because the pressure is much lower up there,“ said McCulloch.At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. “If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so,“ says McCulloch. “That's what makes it cold.“The gas fridges based on Einstein's design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein's design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.However, McCulloch's fridge is still in its early stages. “It's very much a prototype,“ he said. “Give us another month and we'll have it working.“72．According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _______.A．has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficientlyB．is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricityC．has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendlyD．will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future73．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A．Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.6B．Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters.C．McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein's design by using other types of vapors.D．The fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.74．We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _______.A．changed the air pressure around itB．was tested on the top of Mount EverestC．increased the liquid boiling temperatureD．used only pressurized gases to keep things cold75．McCulloch's words in Paragraph 6 _____.A．serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein's fridgeB．give you the reason why Einstein's fridge was not efficientC．tell you how to take advantage of low air pressureD．show you how Einstein's fridge works【参考答案】72—75、BBDA黑龙江省大庆市喇中 2016 高考英语阅读练习——新闻报道类They’re WILD animalsBy Ernst-Ulrich FranzenMarch 11, 2010(3) CommentsThe story about the woman who lost some fingers while feeding a bear at a zoo in Manitowoc, after she ignored warnings and barriers(栅栏), reminded me of the story I heard about a couple who put their baby on the back of a wild horse in South Dakota to get a really cute picture. We all do silly things at times — no one is immune — but treating wild animals as lovely pets has to fall into a special category. Teddy bears and Disney movies aren’t actually representative of real bears.Comments (3) View Comments3 CommentsPost a Comment1. TosaLeft - Mar 11, 2010 10:46AM7Don’t you think that maybe, just maybe some alcohol was involved?2. tk421 - Mar 11, 2010 11:09 AMIt was already approved that alcohol was involved. Stories that begin with a drunk person saying “Hey, I got an idea, watch this!” rarely end well.3. Tristan Kloss - Mar 11, 2010 11:41 AMAlcohol certainly isn’t involved when people decide to keep “pets” like chimpanzees, baby tigers, etc. Stupidity, definitely. Dogs are pets because of thousands of years of domestication. Even farm animals, which have been kept by humans for thousands of years as well, aren’t let in the house. So why keep animals that treat human contact with, at best, indifference(冷淡、不在乎) and, at worst, violence?【小题 1】In Ernst-Ulrich Franzen’s opinion, the woman lost her fingers because ________. A．the zoo keepers didn’t warn her of the dangerB．she didn’t know the bear was a wild animalC．she was somehow influenced by cartoon charactersD．she climbed over the barriers and angered the bear【小题 2】TosaLeft thinks the wounded woman ________. A．may have been drunkB．may be a little stupidC．was addicted to wineD．fed wine to the bear【小题 3】tk421 means a drunk person ________. A．should be forbidden to enter the zooB．usually gets himself into troubleC．is often fond of making up storiesD．usually likes to show himself off【小题 4】What does Tristan Kloss think of people treating wild animals as pets? A．Kind. B．Illegal.C．Loving. D．Stupid.81广西平乐县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解能力练习题2016 高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。My oldest child, Emma, just returned to campus after a long holiday break to finish up her last period of college. These days, friends and family have begun flooding me with one question: What is she going to do after graduation?The job market is, after all, awfully tough. Just this month the Federal Reserve Bank published a study showing that “recent graduates are increasingly working in low-paid jobs or working part-time.” The bright spot, according to the study, is for students who majored(主修) in STEM — science, technology, engineering and mathematics — areas in which recent graduates “have tended to do relatively well”. But Emma is a student of the humanities(人文) at a small college. She’s an American Studies major with a focus on the politics and culture of food. For quite a while, I think her field of study is so fashionable right now that I’m not the least bit worried she will find a good job. Yet the more I’ve thought about it, the more I’ve decided to be honest. “I’m not sure what Emma is going to do,” I now say. “But she’s gotten a great education and has really found her interest. — and I know those things will serve her well over the course of her life.”Nowadays, more and more universities and colleges are being measured by the salaries of their recent graduates. In this climate, encouraging your kid to study the humanities, seems, at best, unwise or, at worst, unconcerned with earning a living. But a college is not a vocational(职业) school. And promoting STEM subjects should not be society’s only answer to helping the next generation grow in a competitive world.From the beginning, we never urged Emma to pick a college or a major with an eye on its expected return on money, as more and more families are doing. To Emma, what really matters will be something that we may not be able to measure for quite a long time: Emma’s contribution to the world and how happy she is in it.1. The author’s friends and family_________.A. are worried about Emma’s safetyB. have been worrying about the flood2C. are concerned about Emma’s futureD. are worried about the job market 2. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. The number of the graduates is increasing.B. STEM graduates can be better employees.C. STEM graduates are in relatively greater demand.D. More and more graduates like to do a part-time job.3. Why did Emma choose a major in the humanities?A. Because she is interested in it.B. Because her mother told her to.C. Because it is increasingly popular.D. Because she wants further education.4. According to the author, what matters most in choosing a major is that_________. A. it should be among the STEM B. it should be fashionable and interestingC. it should allow a good job and a high salaryD. it should bring achievements and happiness参考答案 1—4、 CCAD黑龙江省大庆市喇中 2016 高考英语阅读练习——新闻报道类Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them，and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed，several were badly hurt and taken to hospital，and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.A farmer，Mr.Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.“I was eating with my wife and children，”he said，“When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him，safe but very 3frightened.”Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.“There was no time to take anything.” she said，“A few minutes later，the roof came down.”Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department(福利机构)brought them food，clothes and shelter.【小题 1】How many homes altogether were damaged in the storm? A．Fourteen. B．Twentyone.C．Twentynine. D．Thirtysix.【小题 2】Where was Mr.Tan when the storm first began? A．He was in bed. B．He was inside the house.C．He was outside the house. D．He was on the roof.【小题 3】Which of the following may be the best title for this passage? A．A Terrible Storm B．A Lucky WomanC．Good Soldiers D．Clever People【2015 高考复习】阅读理解 As China becomes increasingly urbanized (城市化的)，it has to find space for its urban and rural citizens as both groups become increasingly integrated. Experts suggest a possible model way may be re­inventing a “garden city”．China's mega­cities are bursting at the borders and the country is now undergoing the quickest and biggest urbanization in the history of mankind. It is estimated that by 2025, China will have 400 million more people living in its cities, raising its urban population to 900 million. Besides, new satellite towns are mushrooming on the urban fringes while city ring roads are rippling outwards into the countryside at amazing speed. Satellite maps collected by Professor Joshua Bolchover at the University of Hong Kong bring 4the problem sharply into focus. They track the changing rural­urban framework in the past 30 years, and suggest that cities are cruelly destroying surrounding rural land and rapidly reducing the amount of arable(可耕种的)land, which gives way to new residential blocks, new industrial zones, new financial centers and the other inevitable signs and signatures of economic growth.This, however, is not sustainable growth pattern, especially when China has the world's largest population to feed. So concerned urban planners are starting to note the social and physical effects of diaspora(大移居)when replaced rural communities are forced into the cities.On the other hand, a trend of thought is gradually taking shape and this is the concept of the “garden city”， a combination of country and city that is being proposed by architects and city planners. Hua Li, from Tao Architects, is among the many professionals with such a voice. His argument is supported by a long­term study on this subject. As Hua says, the answer is to preserve patches of productive farmland within urban boundaries. Less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city. And urban farmland can also be showcased for agricultural tourism and education.The concept is already practiced at grass roots level.Agriculture has gone into the air, up to roof and balcony in some communities in the cities. It's common to see organic “hanging garden” on the roof of some traditional courtyard home. According to some people, the rooftop project translates into practical benefits, such as safe, nutritious vegetables and a cooler home in summer. Some say thanks to the tomatoes they plant that are natural insect killers, there're fewer mosquitoes. Apart from these, it also contributes to better bonding with neighbors. Zhang, a doctor in Beijing, began creating his hanging garden five years ago. Since his garden became home to 30 kinds of vegetables and fruit—all enough to feed his family, neighbors have enjoyed dropping by for a relaxing chat or just to see how well the lovely vegetables and fruit are growing.Although people like Zhang are still rare and the greening of roof space with vegetables and fruit takes skill and energy，with more positive media exposure and advanced technology there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future. By then, cities will no longer look so gray when seen from the satellites.【语篇解读】 中国的城市化进程不断加快，这是一个我们不得不面对的现实。如果不能较好地应对，这对我们来说将是个灾难。城市和农村将如何融合共生？1．Some experts suggest re­inventing a “garden city” because________.A．it is the only model way to save the cities5B．it helps stop destroying the rural areasC．increasing urbanization takes place in ChinaD．China has the largest population to feed解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的内容可知，专家提议重建花园城市是因为中国的城市化进程在不断加快。答案 C2．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2?A．To show the experts' concern about the increase of population.B．To persuade people into supporting economic growth in cities.C．To explain the reasons for the change of rural­urban framework.D．To inform the readers of the consequences of quick urbanization.解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的描述可知，中国城市化进程不断加快，由此导致可耕地的大面积减少。故第二段的目的在于告知读者城市化进程所带来的后果。答案 D3．In Hua Li's opinion, a combination of country and city will________.A．benefit the environment and lower living costsB．become a project that needs a long­term studyC．lead to more rural communities being replacedD．attract more farmers to take tours in cities解析 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city.”可知，城乡结合既保护了环境又降低了生活成本。答案 A4．As for the concept of the“garden city”，the writer feels________.A．desperate B．hopefulC．disappointed D．concerned解析 态度意图题。根据最后一段中的“there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future”可知，作者认为花园城市的构想是可行的，在不久的将来会成为现实，故作者对此充满希望。答案 B【2015 高考复习】阅读理解During the school year many parents take on the role of driver as they drive their children 6from one lesson to another.Understandably so.Many of us want our children to have a little taste of everything，from organized sports to music，dance and more.But we can overdo it，leaving our children feeling a little burnt out，and according to parent educator Diane Loisie，it’s their school work that suffers the most，“After school，if they’re busy in a number of sporting events，besides，they need to do their homework，then the time they’ll feel sleepy is in the classroom.Your child needs free time.So if you’re filling up that after school time，then it’s during the day they’re going to be taking a break.”Professor Claire McDermott agrees that there’s a lot to be gained from sometimes putting those scheduled lessons and activities away.“Relaxing time is important for children.It’s time just to do the things they want to do.Children can go up to their room，or they can play around.It doesn’t look like productive time；parents certainly wouldn’t be saying ‘Wow，are they ever learning things now？’ But this relaxing time gives both the body and the brain just a wonderful chance to relax after a day.It helps a child prepare for sleep，but it also helps to understand the learning that’s gone on that day.”It’s hard to prevent signing our kids up for some activities and lessons.After all，many of us want our children to have a head start in life and the chance to join in great activities in the arts or sports is part of that.However，Loisie feels that in the long run most children feel better with just a few key activities because it gives them an opportunity to master them.“When we get our children in too many activities because we want our children to experience everything，then what we’re doing is setting them up not to be good at one thing or gain a skill.” So choose your children’s activities wisely.It may be one of the best things you’ve ever done for your kids and for the family drivers!【语篇解读】 为了孩子的成长，父母煞费苦心，可是，这么做对孩子有益吗？艺在精而不在多，明智地为孩子选择适合他们自身的活动才是对他们最好的呵护。5．What is the biggest disadvantage for children to attend too many lessons after school?A．They can get bored easily about everything.B．They might have no time to do the homework.C．They might not pay much attention to learning.D．They can not easily focus on learning during the day.解析 推理判断题。结合第一段后半部分中的“then the time they’ll feel sleepy is in the classroom”以及“then it’s during the day they’re going to be taking a break”可推知，如果孩子们放学后上太多的课，白天他们就不容易集中精力学习。答案 D6．What does Professor Claire McDermott think of children’s playing around?A．It is productive. B．It is a bad habit.7C．It is helpful. D．It is a waste of time.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句的内容可知 Claire McDermott 教授认为孩子们玩耍是有益处的。答案 C7．What is the main idea of this passage?A．Don’t be children’s drivers after school.B．Let children learn something from various subjects.C．Make your children learn as much as possible.D．Choose activities for your children wisely.解析 主旨大意题。最后一段是对文章主题的归纳，结合本段后半部分的内容，尤其是倒数第二句可知本文意在倡导父母明智地为孩子选择活动。答案 D黑龙江省大庆市喇中 2016 高考英语阅读练习——新闻报道类Decreasing grain prices along with growing costs of production means Chinese farmers are unlikely to see a significant rise in income next year.China’s economic planning chief Ma Kai expressed the concern as the government undertakes an ambitious program to improve rural people’s lives.Grain prices have been dropping since April; and prices of wheat, corn and rice fell 5 per cent from August to October compared with the same period last year, Ma, minister of the National Development and Reform Commission, told an annual meeting on development and reform held over the weekend.Meanwhile, prices of production materials rose 9.1 per cent year on year during the first 10 months.The situation makes it difficult to achieve a “new socialist countryside,” which was last week highlighted（引起注意）as a new concept and “common action” of the whole Party and nation.Vice-Minister of Agriculture Yin Chengjie also said China’s entry to the World Trade Organization also creates hurdles for income rises for the country’s 780 million farmers.Farmers’ income is expected to increase by 5 per cent this year, hitting the target set by the central government at the beginning of this year.8Last year, per capita net income（个人平均纯收入）of Chinese farmers reached 2,936 yuan (US$362), up 6.8 per cent year on year, and the highest increase since 1997.Ma also said China would continue to seek fast, steady economic growth in 2006 but more efforts will be made to deal with the challenges brought about by overheating in some industrial sectors (区域).(from China Daily, December 5, 2005)【小题 1】The writer thinks it difficult to achieve a “new socialist countryside” because _____. A．grain prices decrease and production costs growB．“new socialist countryside” is a new conceptC．prices of production materials rose 9.1 percentD．many farmers are working in industrial sectors【小题 2】The underlined word “hurdles” in Paragraph 6 means _____ . A．promotion B．fear C．difficulties D．possibility【小题 3】From1997 to 2005, the highest increase in farmers’ income was achieved in _____. A．2004 B．2002 C．2003 D．2005