山东省广饶县2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解（暑假）系列练习（打包7套）.zip

1山东广饶县 2017 高考英语阅读理解暑假系列练习（1）2016 高考英语----阅读理解训练。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buys things. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping cart(车). One of the first things customers forget is how to count. There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items(件) or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items.Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “ Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don’t mind waiting, while I go to get it.”Five minutes later, he’s back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels. What is stranger is that customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, a customer will wait until I announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says , “ Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she has forgotten hers. But I have to tolerate customers because they pay my salary, and that’s something I can’t afford to forget.1. What does the author say about his customers?A .They can not count numbers.B. They sometimes jump the queue.C. They don’t know how to express themselves.D. They behave as if their memories had totally failed.2. According to the text, who are supposed to be in the express line?A Customers with nothing purchased.B. Customers with not more than 15 items.C. Customers with items between 15 and 253. When customers arrive at the check-out counter,they_______A. find their pens lostB. go back and get more items2C. can not wait to pay for their groceries.D. prefer paying by check to paying with a credit card.4. We can infer from the text that ________A. business in the grocery store runs wellB. the author finds his present job full of funC. the author’s part-time job calls for patienceD. customers go to grocery stores without planning.参考答案 1~4 DBBC 【2013】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40，000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle－aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade， ” wrote Frieder R．Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen－Nuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.3“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施)， ” the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic， ” the authors concluded.67．According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?A．Optimistic adults. B．Middle－aged adults.C．Adults in poor health. D．Adults of lower income.68．Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ________．A．to fully enjoy their present lifeB．to estimate their contribution accuratelyC．to take measures against potential risksD．to value health more highly than wealth69．How do people of higher income see their future?A．They will earn less money.B．They will become pessimistic.C．They will suffer mental illness.D．They will have less time to enjoy life.70．What is the clear conclusion of the study?A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.B．Good financial condition leads to good health.C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.4【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。在研究中，研究人员发现，年轻人对未来过于乐观，中年人对未来的预测很准确，而老年人相对低估。随着年龄的增长，人们对未来的预测越来越现实。67．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“…while middle－aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”知，中年人对未来预测得更准确。故 B正确。68．C 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“…people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions …”知，对未来悲观的人可能在行动时更小心、更谨慎。句中的 be more careful about 与 take measures against potential risks 一致。故 C 正确。69．A 细节理解题。根据第八段中的“…respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”知，身体好、收入高的人认为，他们的收入在未来将会下降，即挣的钱少了。故 A 正确。70．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，研究人员认为有一点很清楚：从少年到成年，每个人都在调整自己对未来生活的满意度，从乐观，到适度到悲观。故 D 正确。【2013】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。If a diver surfaces too quickly，he may suffer the bends.Nitrogen(氮)dissolved(溶解)in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.The consequence，if the bubbles(气泡)accumulate in a joint，is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name.If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain，the consequence can be death.Other air－breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast：whales, for example.And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs.That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones.If bubbles of nitrogen form inside 5the bone they can cut off its blood supply.This kills the cells in the bone，and consequently weakens it，sometimes to the point of collapse.Fossil(化石) bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past.What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years.To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural－history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression.Instead，he was astonished to discover the opposite.More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died，but not a single Triassic specimen(标本)showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti－decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards.But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened.He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物)such as a large shark.One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles，both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches.Triassic oceans，by contrast，were mercifully shark－ and crocodile－free.In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain.In the Jurassic and Cretaceous，they were prey(猎物)as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.61．Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A．A twisted body.B．A gradual decrease in blood supply.C．A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D．A drop in blood pressure.62．The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see ________．A．how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB．how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression6C．why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD．when ichthyosaurs broke their bones63．Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4 ________．A．confirmed his assumption B．speeded up his research processC．disagreed with his assumption D．changed his research objectives64．Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ________.A．failed to evolve an anti－decompression meansB．gradually developed measures against the bendsC．died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD．evolved an anti－decompression means but soon lost it【要点综述】 本篇为科普说明文，讲述鱼龙患减压病的原因和后果。Dr Rothschild 通过实验推翻了关于鱼龙进化的一些猜测。61．A 细节理解题。根据 the bends 可定位到首段。由“The consequence…is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name.”可知答案，a bent body 和 a twisted body 是同义转换。由第二句的“Nitrogen dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.”可知，这是说 the bends 的形成原因，故 C、D 项错，而 B 项文章没有提及。62．B 推理判断题。题干中的关键词是 Rothschild's study，由此可定位到第三段的前两句。根据“…to find out how widespread the problem was in the past…to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression…”可知答案为 B。63．C 推理判断题。根据第四段“…he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression.Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite.”可知，Rothschild 的假设结论与在研究过程中得出的结果是相反的，故选 C 项。64．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Rothschild 认为鱼龙在进化过程中反减压方式进化失败，故选 A 项。社会生活类 7Spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing, our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not.A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (纹身) , nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true you can’t judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey (传递) certain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances, so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees (雇员) , because those people represent the companies to their customers.As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of well- qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. Even though I am open- minded, I can’t expect all our customers are.There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal.1. Which of the following is the newspaper editor’s opinion according to Paragraph 2?A. People’s appearances carry messages about themselves.B. Customers’choices influence dress standards in companies.C. Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated.D. Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace.82. What can be inferred from the text?A. Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview.B. What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies.C. Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates.D. Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates.3. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Employees Matter B. Personal Choices Matter C. Appearances Matter D. Hiring Managers Matter4. The author’s attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described as . A. enthusiastic B. negative C. positive D. sympathetic【参考答案】45.CBCB 1山东广饶县 2017 高考英语阅读理解暑假系列练习（2）2016 高考训练--阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Turning on the TV, a wonderful scene comes to your eyes — a group of men, tall, strong and handsome, and women, young, beautiful and attractive, too. Together they eat in the finest restaurants, traveling everywhere around the world by luxurious planes and pleasure ships. They are models.Do you envy them? What sort of life are models leading? Is it a wonderful life for a young lady or a young man?A few models are well-known actors or actresses who can make a lot of money only by showing themselves off in commercials. But the majority of them are just curious to see what it is like. They’d like to be models just because they are attracted by what they imagine — models earn a lot of money and lead a glorious life. This is true for those who are very successful. However, most models find it difficult to get work. Very few can earn enough to live on, and for all models their expenses are high. Their agents claim about 20% of the earnings, and no model will get very far without a clever agent. Besides, they have to buy good clothing. They also have to pay to travel to interviews and reach the places where the work is to be done.Interviews for a model job are known as cattle-markets in the modeling world, and not without a good reason. A top model can choose his or her work, demand and receive high fees and has his or her expenses paid. But for most models, the situation is quite different. And agent or employer inspects each model much as a farmer inspects cattle at a market. Intelligence, qualifications and personal characteristics count for little against good looks and tight figures. For all except the very few lucky ones, the life of a model is a continual search for work, trying to sell himself or herself in the face of fierce competition and, sometimes, not particularly moral standards on the part of some employers.Immigration officials at airport look suspiciously at a girl whose passport shows her occupation as “Model”, and these are men and women of considerable experience of the world. It comes no surprise to find that some models prefer to put “Secretary” or “Businessman” as their jobs in their passports.2Modeling is a changeable world with great rewards for a tiny minority but not for the majority.1. For models, their good looks and tight figures are _____________, compared with their intelligence and qualifications. A. more important B. less needed C. less essential D. more looked down upon2. Which of the following can lead you to believe according to the passage?A. A model’s traveling expenses are usually paid by his employer.B. To be a model, good looks are the most important qualification.C. Most models have a fairly easy way of life with high pay.D. A model can hardly be successful without a good agent.3. Models often put “Secretary” or “Businessman” instead of “Model” in their passports because ______________.A. they want to avoid being stopped to sign their names by fansB. a person with the occupation of a model is easily attacked by black societiesC. models are sometimes looked down uponD. secretaries and businessmen are free of custom duty4. The underlined word “suspiciously” can most probably be replaced by ___________.A. doubtfully B. excitedly C. proudly D. sadly参考答案 1—4、ADCA 【2013】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。The oldest and most common source(来源)of renewable energy known to man, biomass is one of the most important forms of energy production in the United States and elsewhere.Since such a wide variety of biomass materials is everywhere—from trees and grasses to agricultural and city－life wastes—biomass promises to play a continuing role in providing power and heat for millions of people around the world.According to the Union of Concerned Scientists(UCS), biomass is a kind of renewable energy source that produces no carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), because the energy it contains comes from the sun.When plant matter is burned, it gives off the sun's energy.In this way, 3biomass serves as a sort of natural battery(电池)for storing the sun's energy.As long as biomass is produced continuously—with only as much grown as is used—the “battery” lasts forever.According to the Energy Information Administration, biomass has been one of the leading renewable energy sources in the United States for several years running through 2007, making up between 0.5 and 0.9 percent of the nation's total electricity supply.In 2008—although the numbers aren't all in yet—wind power probably took over first place because of the rapid development of wind farms across the country.Producing power from biomass helps reduce some 11 million tons of carbon dioxide each year.Some homeowners also try to make their own heat by using biomass materials.Such practice may save homeowners' money, but it also produces a lot of pollution.So, the best way is to encourage power plants to use it.72．Why is biomass considered as “a sort of natural battery”？A．It burns merely plant matter. B．It keeps producing electricity.C．It stores the energy from the sun. D．It produces zero carbon dioxide.73．We learn from the text that in 2008 ________．A．wind power could be the leader of renewable energy B. there was a rapid growth of electricity productionC．biomass might become the main energy source D．0.5～0.9% of power supply came from biomass74．Why does the author encourage power plants to use biomass? A．To prevent the waste of energy. B．To increase production safety.C．To reduce pollution. D．To save money.75．Where does the text probably come from? A．A research plan. B．A science magazine. C．A book review. 4D．A business report.【要点综述】 本文是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍了 biomass(生物量)的特征、优点以及它在美国能源中的地位。72．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…because the energy it contains comes from the sun.When plant matter is burned, it gives off the sun's energy.In this way, biomass serves as a sort of natural battery for storing the sun's energy.”可知 C 正确。73．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In 2008—although the numbers aren't all in yet—wind power probably took over first place because of the rapid development of wind farms across the country.”可知，2008 年风能占居首位。关键词定位： A 项中的 the leader of 和文中 first place意思相同。74．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Some homeowners also try to make their own heat by using biomass materials.Such practice may save homeowners' money, but it also produces a lot of pollution.So, the best way is to encourage power plants to use it.”可知 C 正确。75．B 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文是一篇有关生物量能源的科普类文章。所以，它应该是科学杂志上的文章。故选 B。社会生活类 A study involving 8, 500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWest that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, are particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with greater debts than any before. University tuition fees(学费) are currently capped at ￡3, 000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling. In the research, the teenagers were presented with the terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average ￡31, 000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 5to 29 is just ￡17, 815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than ￡10, 000. Average debts for graduates are ￡12, 363. Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said, “The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively. “ Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweather, aged 15, from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money. 1. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project? A. Students understand personal finances differently.B. University tuition fees in England have been rising.C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings.D. The students’ payback ability has become a major issue. 2. The phrase “to raise the ceiling” in paragraph 2 probably means “ ”. A. to raise the student loansB. to improve the school facilitiesC. to increase the upper limit of the tuitionD. to lift the school building roofs3. According to Stephen Moir, students . 6A. are too young to be exposed to financial issuesB. should learn to manage their finances wellC. should maintain a positive attitude when facing loansD. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters well.B. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts.C. Financial planning is a required course at college.D. Young people should become responsible adults.【参考答案】48.1-4 CCBA 【2013】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。The technology is great.Without it we wouldn't have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the ocean's depths or eat microwave sausages.Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge.But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves.Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients who've come into their surgery waving an Internet print－out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer.The truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they don't have throat cancer, and it's just that their throats are swollen.Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self－health－checks.One day Mrs.Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work.While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “I know what's wrong; I've got throat cancer.I know there's nothing you doctors can do about it and I've just got 7to wait until the day comes.”As a matter of routine I ordered a chest X－ray.I looked at it and the blood results an hour later.Something wasn't right.“Did your local doctor do an X－ray？” I asked.“Oh, I haven't been to the doctor for years， ” she replied.“I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so I knew that's what I had.”However, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didn't fit with it—but she'd just ignored this.I looked at the X－ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly.She was lucky we caught it when we did.Mrs Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered.It was certainly a lesson for her.“I'm_so_embarrassed， ” she said, shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.She listed up to about 20, and then I went to my office to type up my notes.Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it.Typical.Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited?63．Mrs Almond talked about her illness calmly because ________．A．she thought she knew it wellB．she had purchased medicine onlineC．she graduated from a medical schoolD．she had been treated by local doctors64．It was lucky for Mrs Almond ________．A．to have contacted many friendsB．to have recovered in a short timeC．to have her assumption confirmedD．to have her disease identified in time65．Mrs Almond said “I'm so embarrassed” (Para.7) because ________．A．she had distrusted her close friendsB．she had caused unnecessary troubleC．she had to refuse the doctor's advice8D．she had to tell the truth to the doctor66．By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove ________．A．it's a must to take a break at workB．it's vital to believe in IT professionalsC．it's unwise to simply rely on technologyD．it's a danger to work long hours on computers【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述技术带来的问题比它解决的更多。作者以人们看病为例：人们感觉不舒服后，从网上查阅一下资料，看看自己的症状与癌症非常相符，因此失去了对生活的信心。而实际上，他们只不过是患了另外一种不严重的病。 63．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “…she said calmly ‘I know what's wrong; I've got throat cancer.I know … ”知这位病人已经从网上知道自己得了癌症，也活不了几天了，因此她很平静。故 A 正确。64．D 细节理解题。根据第六段的最后一句“She was lucky we caught it when we did.”再结合此句前的肺结核可知，对 Mrs Almond 来说，幸运的事情是她的病及时地得到了确诊。故 D 正确。65．B 推理判断题。根据目标句子前的 “It was certainly a lesson for her.”可知，她很后悔由于自己的莽撞而导致了一些不必要的麻烦。故 B 正确。66．C 推理判断题。电脑坏了，等着计算机公司的人来修。由此可知，作者认为我们仅依靠科技是不明智的。故 C 正确。