1、BIOMECHANICS OF TENNIS ELBOWERICA MICHELLE FERNANDESFriday, 26 March 2010INTRODUCTION:Incidence: Constitutes a sizeable percentage of elbow injuriesElbow problems occur atleast once in 40% to 50% of tennis players (George, et al.,2006) INTRODUCTION TO THE ELBOW JOINT BASIC ANATOMYCOMMON AREAS OF INF
2、LAMMATIONSUPRACONDYLAR RIDGE & EPICONDYL FACETSTENDON BODYMUSCULOTENDINOUS JUNCTIONMUSCLE BELLYConcept of sweet spot:FORCES ACTING on the hand:Forces:EQUATIONS OF MOTION IN TENNIS1. F+Fr=MdV/dt2. Fb-Frh= Icmdw/dt3. FrLf= Ifdwf/dt4. Vp= Lfwf=hw-VContd.Factors responsible for tennis elbow:- Poor techn
3、ique Forced eccentric muscle contraction Elbow Crunch Wrist Crunch Impulse reaction Shock Tip speedElbow crunchBefore impact,Centripetal force = centrifugal forceAfter impact,Centripetal force centrifugal forceMeasured in Newton: 1N=0.225 lbs.Formula: Shock*2/R.Wrist crunch: Measured from centre of
4、mass to the wrist.Formula: Shock*2/R”(R” = distance from wrist to axis of rotation+ distance from axis to balance point.Shock: Shock= difference between initial and final kinetic energies Measured in joules High shock is bad because it means high elbow and wrist crunch.Tip speed: Low tip speed is be
5、tter than a high tip speed. better racquet control more accurateImpulse reaction: Positive impulse is better since it leads to less impact force at the elbow joint.Factors to be considered to treat Tennis elbowEarly phase of rehabilitation R.I.C.E PHASE 1 Goals: decrease inflammation and pain, promo
6、te tissue healing, and retard muscle atrophy. During the acute stage of your injury, whether the medial or lateral elbow is affected,follow the RICE principle: Stretching:Strengthening exercises:Phase 2:Grip strengthening,Pronation supination:Phase 3: PHASE 3 Goals: Improve muscular strength and end
7、urance, maintain and improve flexibility, and gradually return to prior level of sport or high level activity. 15 minutes forehand only 30 minutes forehand only 30 minutes forehand and two handed backhand 45 minutes forehand and backhand 45 minutes all strokes Serve Full play Competitive playMeasure
8、s to avoid Tennis elbow:ERGONOMICS Equipment modificationHead size Weight of the racquet Frame Stiffness String tension Racquet material Grip size Moveable mass racquet Correct playing strategiesGrip size:A grip too large or too small lessens control and promotes excessive wrist movement. To measure an appropriate grip size for your hand see image belowMOVEABLE MASS RACQUET:THANK YOU
