八年级英语上册 全一册词汇与语法基础训练（打包8套）（新版）牛津版.zip

1一、必备词汇honest adj. 诚实的secret n. 秘密care n. 照看magazine n. 杂志humorous adj. 幽默的polite adj. 有礼貌的choose n. 选择tidy adj.干净的true adj.真实的trust v. 相信joke n. 玩笑sense n. 感知二、重点词汇1. honest adjective /ˈɒn.ɪst/telling the truth or able to be trusted and not likely to steal, cheat, or lie诚实的；可信的Unit 1 Friends知识精讲21). She’s completely honest.她很诚实。2). I’d like you to give me an honest answer/your honest opinion.我希望你给我一个诚实的回答／坦诚的意见。2. care noun /keər/the process of protecting someone or something and providing what that person or thing needs保护；照看；照料1). The standard of care at our local hospital is excellent.我们当地医院的护理水平很出色。2). Nurseries are responsible for the children in their care.托儿所要对他们照管的孩子负责。3. joke noun /dʒəʊk/something, such as a funny story or trick, that is said or done in order to make people laugh笑话；玩笑1). Did I tell you the joke about the chicken crossing the road?我跟你讲过小鸡过马路的笑话吗？32). She tied his shoelaces together for a joke.她跟他开玩笑，把他的鞋带系在了一起。4. sense noun /sens/an ability to understand, recognize, value, or react to something, especially any of the five physical abilities to see, hear, smell, taste, and feel官能；感觉；知觉（尤指视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉）1).With her excellent sense of smell, she could tell if you were a smoker from the other side of the room.她嗅觉灵敏，在房间的另一端就能知道你是否抽烟。2). My cold is so bad I've lost my sense of smell/taste (= I can't smell/taste anything).我感冒很严重，闻不到任何气味了／尝不出任何味道了。5. knock verb /nɒk/to repeatedly hit something, producing a noise（反复地）敲，击，打1). She knocked on the window to attract his attention.她敲敲窗想引起他的注意。2). Please knock before entering.进来前请先敲门。4三、必备短语have something to drink 喝点什么have problems 有问题share one’s joy 分享喜悦make sb. happy 让某人开心keep a secret 保持秘密care about 关心、在乎be willing to do 乐意做某事grow up 成长tell jokes 讲笑话make sb. laugh 让某人大笑fell bored 感到无聊walk past 经过make friends 交朋友travel around the world 环游世界works of arts 艺术品have a smile on one’s face 面带微笑四、经典句型1. Have you got anything to do this evening?今晚你有要做的事吗？2. She is always the first to come to school.她总是第一个到校。3. The next person to speak is our head teacher.下一个要发言的人是我们的校长。4. Working parents usually don’t have enough time to stay with their children.需要上班的父母通常没有足够的时间同他们的孩子们在一起。5. We are looking for a place to live.我们在找住的地方。一、考点：形容词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，其结构如下：主语+谓语动词（系动词）+形容词比较级+than+比较对象。2. 形容词最高级的由用法：形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较，其结构为：主语+谓语动词（系动词）+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。三点剖析3. 形容词的比较级和最高级是在形容词原级的基础上变化的，分为规则变化和不规则变化。1). 规则变化构成方式 原级 比较级 最高级一般结尾加-er/-esttallfasttallerfastertallertallest以-e 结尾的，只加-r/-stlargelatelargerlaterlargestlatest重读闭音节双写尾辅音字母，再加-er/-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest以辅音字母 +y 结尾的，把 y变 i, 再加-er/-esthappyearlyhappierearlierhappiestearliest双音节或多音节词，在前面加more, mostimportantquicklymore importantmore quicklymost importantmost quickly2). 不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good better bestmany more mostbad worse worstlittle less leastfar farther/ further farthest/ furthest二、易错点：1. What’s he like?他是个什么样的人？What’s sb. like?表示某人是个什么样的人，此句主要是对某人的总体印象，包括个性、为人等内在品质，因此要根据实际情况回答。辨析：What’s he like?与 What does he look like?What’s he like? 表示他是个什么样的人？用来询问他的个性、性格。What does he look like? 表示他长什么样？用来询问他的外貌特征。2. 感官系动词：feel 感觉起来, look 看起来, sound 听起来, smell 闻起来, taste尝起来，后面接形容词作表语。The cake smells delicious. I can’t wait to eat it. 这个蛋糕闻起来不错，我迫不及待要吃它。Listen! The country music sounds so sweet. 听！这首乡村音乐听起来真甜美。3. appearance 与 look 的区别用法appearance 和 look 两者都指“人或物的外表” 。1). appearance 在指人时，往往包括衣着；在指一般事物时，含有外表和实质不一致的概念。His appearance is very neat. 他外表很整洁。Judging by appearances can be misleading. 单凭外表判断可能会出错。2). look 用复数形式，指“相貌、容貌” ；用单数形了“表情，神情” 。Never judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。There was a look of suppressed anger on his face. 他脸上露出一种抑制怒气的表情。题模一：Unit 1 词汇应用例 1.1.1 ---_________?---He is friendly.A． How is he?B． What does he look like?C． What does he like?D． What is he like?例 1.1.2 用所给词的适当形式填空。1). ---The picnic is only in three days. Have you made any _________ (mistake)?---Not yet. So let’s discuss what to prepare.2). This kind of cloth _________ (feel) soft.题模二：形容词的比较级和最高级例 1.2.1 Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital. But after a week’s rest, she felt much _________ and went back to school.A． good B． better C． bad D． worse例 1.2.2 同义句转换。His computer is more expensive than mine.My computer is _________ _________ his.随练 1.1 The bear has nothing _________ these days. It’s very hungry.A． eat B． eatingC． to eat D． to eating题模精选随堂练习随练 1.2 ---What _________ your father _________?--- He’s helpful and generous.A． does; doB． does; likeC． does; look like D． is; like随练 1.3 用所给词的适当形式填空1. Miss Brown feels _________ (bore) after school every day. We should ask her to play games or chat with us.2.This film is bad. That one is even _________ (bad).3.She is very _________ ( help) and she is ready to help people at any time.4.They say Sandy is _________ (careful) in our class.5.It was much _________ (hot) yesterday than it is today.随练 1.4 ---I hear Tony always helps others in need.---Yes. He is a _________ boy.A． clever B． kind C． polite D． tidy随练 1.5 The weather is becoming _________.A． hotter and hotterB． more hot and hotC． hoter and hoterD． more and more hot随练 1.6 If you want to be_________, you have to eat _________ food and take _________ exercise.A． thinner; little; moreB． thinner; less; moreC． thin; few; enoughD． thinner; fewer; less自我总结课后作业作业 1 ---What about _________ football this Saturday?---Ok.A． playing B． playC． plays D． to play作业 2 ---Would you like something _________?---Yes, I’d like some _________.A． drink; orangeB． to drink; orangeC． to eat; orangeD． eat; oranges作业 3 同义句转换。1. Her car is more expensive than mine.My car is _________ _________ hers.2. Physics is my favourite subject.I _________ Physics _________ of all my subjects.3. Jack is the most careful boy in his class.Jack is _________ _________ _________ any other boy in his class.4. China is larger than any other country in Asia.China is _________ _________ country in Asia.5. I am fourteen years old. And my brother is eleven.I am fourteen years old. And my brother is _________ _________ _________ than me.作业 4 You should put _________ in the fire.A． some more paper B． more some paperC． any more paper D． more any paper作业 5 ---Do you enjoy Han Let’s songs?---Yes. He is the winner of I Am a singer II. I can’t think of anyone with a _________ voice.A． better B． best C． more D． most作业 6 ---Which city has _________ population, Beijing, Guiyang or Xiangyi?--- Xingyi, of course.A． the largest B． the smallestC． the most D． the least答案解析题模一：Unit 1 词汇应用例 1.1.1【答案】D【解析】 考查句型意思辨析。A 项意为“他身体怎么样？” ；B 项意为“他长相如何？；”C 项意为“他喜欢什么？” ；D 项意为“他性格怎么样？” 。再有答语 He is friendly.可知，故选 D。例 1.1.2【答案】【解析】 考查单词的正确使用形式。题模二：形容词的比较级和最高级例 1.2.1【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词的比较等级用法。句意：莉萨出院时，她身体还很虚弱。但是经过一周的休息之后，她感到好多了并返回学校了。根据 much 可知，后面应用比较级形式。排除 A、C 两项，根据转折连词 but 可知，这里表示身体好转，故选 B。例 1.2.2【答案】 cheaper than【解析】 同义句转换。随练 1.1【答案】C【解析】 考查 非谓语动词。 to do 不定式放在不定代词后面。句意：这只熊这些天没吃题模精选随堂练习东西。它很饿。故选 C。随练 1.2【答案】D【解析】 考查固定句型。 What is sb. like?用于询问人的性格、品质。故选 D。随练 1.3【答案】 1. boring2. worse3. helpful4. the most careful5. hotter【解析】 考查单词的正确使用形式。随练 1.4【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词辨析。 kind 善良的，句意：—我听说托尼总是帮助需要帮助的人。—是的。他是一个善良的男孩。故选 B。随练 1.5【答案】A【解析】 考查形容词比较级。比较级+ and+比较级 表示“越来越……” ，句意：天气变得越来越热了。故选 A。随练 1.6【答案】B【解析】 考查比较级。句意：如果你想变得更瘦一点，你得少吃多锻炼。故选 B。课后作业作业 1【答案】A【解析】 考查固定搭配。W hat about doing sth.? 故选 A。作业 2【答案】B【解析】 考查非谓语动词。 to do 不定式做后置定语，修饰 something，故排除 A、D 项，orange 作橘汁讲时为不可数名词。故选 B。作业 3【答案】 1. cheaper than2. like; best3. more careful than4. the largest5. three years younger【解析】 考查同义句转换。作业 4【答案】A【解析】 根据句意：你应该再往火里添些纸，可知，要用固定结构：数量限定词+ more+名词。故选 A。作业 5【答案】A【解析】 根据句意：—你虚幻韩磊的歌吗？—喜欢。他是《我是歌手第二季》的获胜者。我想不到任何有更好的嗓音了。故选 A。作业 6【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词的最高级。修饰人口数量的形容词可以用 large 或者 small，这是习惯用法。兴义的人口肯定没有背景和贵阳多。故选 B。1一、必备词汇Physics n. 物理学finish v. 完成real adj. 真实的 weekly adj. 一周一次的daily adj. 日常的chess n. 国际象棋 spend v. 花费least adv.最少true adj.真实的win v. 赢得、获胜offer v. 提供、给予discuss v. 探讨二、重点词汇1. finish verb /ˈfɪn.ɪʃ/ to complete something or come to the end of an activity完成， （使）完结Unit 2 School life知识精讲21). I’ll call you when I’ve finished my homework.我做完作业后会给你打电话的。2). Please place your questionnaire in the box when you’re finished.完成调查问卷后请将其投进箱子里。2. real adjective /rɪəl/ existing in fact and not imaginary实际存在的，现实的；真实的1). Assuring the patient that she has a real and not imaginary problem is the first step.使病人确信她真的有病，并非杯弓蛇影，这是对她进行治疗的第一步。2). There is a very real threat that he will lose his job.他的确有失去工作的危险。3. spend verb /spend/ spent, spentto give money as a payment for something花费；用，花（钱）1). How much did you spend?你花了多少钱？2). I don’t know how I managed to spend so much in the club last night.3我不知道昨晚在酒吧怎么会花了这么多钱。4. least adverb, determiner, pronoun /liːst/ less than anything or anyone else; the smallest amount or number最少；最小1). This group is the least likely of the four to win.该组在 4 个小组当中获胜的可能性最小。2). Disaster struck when we least expected it.在我们最麻痹大意的时候灾难不期而至。5. offer verb /ˈɒf.ər/ to ask someone if they would like to have something or if they would like you to do something主动给予；主动提出；提议1).[ + two objects ] I feel bad that I didn’t offer them any food/offer any food to them.没有给他们提供任何食物，我觉得很过意不去。2). She was offered a job in Paris.她在巴黎得到了一份工作。4三、必备短语borrow…from 从……借入in class 上课中free time 免费时间do morning exercises 做早操at most 最多、至多look through 看穿、仔细检查keep on doing 继续做某事at first 首先go on a school trip 去旅行number of students 学生数量四、经典句型1. Why don’t Tom go to school, Eddie?为什么汤姆不去上学，埃迪？2. It seems like not a bad idea at the time.当时这主意好像不错。3. Near the edn of the week,we discuss the books with our classmates in class.这一周快要结束的时候，我们在班上和同学们讨论这些书。4. He jumps higher than any other of my classmates.他跳得比我们班级任何一个同学都高。5. Chinese students have more weeks off for the summer holiday than British student.中国学生比由英国学生暑假多休息几个星期。一、考点：一、比较事物的数量1. 两者比较数量通常用 morehanlsstan 和 fewerthan 来比较两种事物之间的数量关系。其中 more than 之间加可数名间的复数形式或者不可数名词，less than 之间加不可数名词，fewer.than 之间加可数名词的复数形式。例：Tonyhasmorefriends thanJim.托尼的朋友比吉姆的多。三点剖析He eats lessfoodthan Iforbreakfast.他早饭比我吃得少。Simon has feweroranges than Nancy.西蒙的橙子比南希的少。2. 三者或三者以上比较数量通常用 the most.the least.the fewest 来比较三者或三者以上事物之间的数量关系。the most,the fewest.the least 分别是 many/much、few、little 的最高级。the most 表示“最…；最多” ，其后既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词；thefewest 表示“最少” ，其后接可数名词的复数形式；the least 表示“最少”,其后接不可数名词。例：Kinygetshemost points of the three girls.三个女孩中，基蒂的得分是最高的。He has the least water. 他的水是最少的。Which of you has made the fewctmiakes? 你们哪一位犯的错误最少？二、易错点：1. another 泛指（指三者或三者以上中的）另一个,既可作代词又可作形容词.做代词时如：I have finished this book, please give me another. 做形容词：I will be back in another ten days.2. other 其他的，另外的，泛指另一个另一些。作定语时，常与可数名词复数连用，如 But other creditors have refused the terms. 但如果前面有 the, some, any, each, every 及形容词性物主代词时，可与可数名词单数连用，如 every other day。3. others 泛指别的，其他人是 other 的复数形式。相当于 other 加可数名词复数。如：she has more concern for others than for herself.4. the other 可作代词也可作形容词，表（两者中的）另一个，常用于 one.the other的句型中，如 She has two children,one is a boy, the other is a girl.5. the others 是 the other 的复数形式，特指某一范围内 “全部或其余的人或物” ，只作代词用，相当于 the other 加可数名词复数，如 Four of them are in the classroom,what about the others.此外，语法固然重要，但是语感也很重要。平时读书读多了，看过去觉得哪个比较通顺，很大可能就是用那个。题模一：Unit 2 词汇应用例 1.1.1 ---Have you watched the TV report about MERS?---Yes, it’s _________ new dangerous disease (疾病).A． the other B． anotherC． others D． other例 1.1.2 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1). The bag was very good, and she _________ 30 percent down for it. (pay)2). It is said that his brother will go to America for _________ study. (far)3). They _________ (offer) him a very good job, but he turned it down. 题模二：形容词的比较级和最高级例 1.2.1 Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. I’m sure he can do the work with _________ money and _________ peopleA． less; less B． fewer; moreC． more; fewer D． less; fewer例 1.2.2 根据汉语意思完成句子。1). 我每天最少和爷爷下半小时的棋。I _________ _________ with my grandpa _________ _________ for half an hour every day.2). 如果你坚持每天听英语节目，你的英语能够在短时间内变得更好。If you _________ _________ _________ English programme every day, your English 题模精选will be better in a short time.3). 我们下周要放 7 天假，因为国庆节要到了。We will _________ 7 days _________ next week because the National Day is coming.随练 1.1 _________ most students, he works hard at school.A． Like B． As C． For D． To随练 1.2 I will do it _________ you told me.A． like B． asC． according D． for随练 1.3 By the way, Jack, _________ to go shopping with me this afternoon?A． will you be likeB． won’t you likeC． do you likeD． shall you like随练 1.4 ---Would you like to come to my party this evening?---_________. But I have to study for my math test.A． My pleasureB． I’d love toC． That’s all rightD． Don’t mention it随练 1.5 ---Shall we go shopping this afternoon?---_________.A． Me tooB． Help yourselfC． It doesn’t matterD． Good idea随练 1.6 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Two of the students in their class are _________ (America ).2.There are too many boring _________ (advertisement) on TV now.3.---What is your school life like?随堂练习---It’s like _________ (watch )a wonderful film.4.I can’t wait _________ (have )a long holiday.5.Tom has five books and Jim has ten books, so Tom has (few) _________ books than Jim.作业 1 A lot of students tried their best, but _________ pass the exam.A． many B． little C． few D． a little作业 2 As it was rainy, _________ students wanted to have a picnic.A． little B． few C． several D． many作业 3 I think _________ I will have a talk with him.A． which B． when C． what D． that作业 4 Everyone lives _________ now.A． a happy life B． happy livingC． happy lives D． happy life作业 5 ---How is Tom now?---I hear the company _________ him a good job, but he refused it.A． provided B． offeredC． passed D． introduce作业 6 根据汉语意思完成句子。1. 我们不得不努力学习功课。We _________________________ our lessons.2. ——你们的新学校怎么样啊？____________________________________?一一很大而且很漂亮。自我总结课后作业---It’s very big and beautiful.3. 你们为什么不向人们讲一讲你们的学校呢?_________________________ your school?4.我们今天下午向他们讲一讲我们的学校生活好吗?_________________________ our school life this afternoon?5. 米莉直到来我们学校才开始学习汉语。Millie _________________________ she came to our school.作业 7 Why is there _________ rain in Nantong in January than in August?A． less B． fewer C． few D． little答案解析题模一：Unit 2 词汇应用例 1.1.1【答案】D【解析】 考查代词辨析。 the other 指（两者之中的）另一个， another 指另一个；others 泛指“部分” ，用于已知的一些人或物中，指出去某些后余下的人或物中额一部分；other“其它的、另外的” 。句意：—你看到电视上关于中东呼吁综合症的报道了吗？—是的，它是另一种新型的危险疾病。故选 D。例 1.1.2【答案】 1). paid2). farther3). offered【解析】 考查单词的正确拼写和使用形式。题模二：形容词的比较级和最高级题模精选例 1.2.1【答案】D【解析】 句意：鲍勃知道如何削减项目的开支。我确信他能用更少的钱和更少的人做这项工作。 money 不可数名词，应用 less 来修饰； people 可数名词，应用 fewer 来修饰。故选 D。例 1.2.2【答案】 1). play chess; at least2). keep listening to3). have; off【解析】 考查完成句子涉及到各种固定句型。随练 1.1【答案】A【解析】 like 意为“像……一样” ，是介词，其后接名词或代词； as 意为“像……一样”讲时是副词。故选 A。随练 1.2【答案】B【解析】 like 意为“像…… 一样” ，是介词，其后接名词或代词； as 意为“按照”讲时是连词。句意：我会按照你告诉我的去做。故选 B。随练 1.3【答案】C【解析】 考查固定句型 Do you like to do sth.?你愿意做某事吗？故选 C。随练 1.4【答案】B【解析】 考查情景交际。 Would you like to do sth.?你乐意做……吗？若接受对方的随堂练习邀请，常用 Yes, I’d love\ like to . 作答；若不接受对方的邀请，常用 I’d love/ like to. But…作答。故选 B。随练 1.5【答案】D【解析】 考查情景交际。S hall we…? 表示提建议，答语应为 Good idea. 故选 D。随练 1.6【答案】 1. Ameicans2. advertisements3. watching4. to have5. fewer【解析】 考查单词的正确使用和拼写形式。作业 1【答案】C【解析】 前一分句的主语是 students，为可数名词，再由句意：很多学生尽了最大的努力，但是很少人通过了这次考试。故选 C。作业 2【答案】B【解析】 句意：由于下雨，没有几个学生想去野餐。 few 几乎没有。符合句意。故选 B。作业 3【答案】D【解析】 考查宾语从句的引导词。 that 引导宾语从句只起到连接的作用。故选 D。课后作业作业 4【答案】A【解析】 考查固定搭配。 live a happy life 过着幸福的生活。句意：每个人现在搜过着幸福的生活。故选 A。作业 5【答案】B【解析】 考查词义辨析。 offer sb. sth. 提供给某人某物。句意：—现在汤姆怎么样？—我听说公司给他提供了一份好工作，但他拒绝了。故选 B。作业 6【答案】 1. have to work hard at2. What’s your new school like3. Why don’t you tell people something about4. Shall we tell them something about5. didn’t learn Chinese until 【解析】 考查完成句子涉及到各种固定句型。作业 7【答案】A【解析】 由 than 可知此句应用比较级，因此在 A、B 两项中选择，rain 为不可数名词。故选 A。