1、专题限时集训( 十) 单项填空 代词和名词(对应学生用书第 135 页)1(江苏省 2017 届高三第二学期六校联考) Heading out on the waters in search of whales is a routine he does,and_that,as he hopes,wont be lost if whale watching goes the way of so many mass tourism attractions.Awhich BoneCit DthatB 考查代词辨析。句意:出海搜寻鲸鱼是他所做的日常工作,并且是一个他希望不会丢失的日常工作,如果观鲸走的
2、是这么多大众旅游景点的老路的话。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中充当表语,代替 a routine,因此选择 one。2(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(二)Though its GDP ranks second in the world,China remains a developing country with its average family income far below_of Western developed countries.Ait BthoseCone DthatD 考查代词辨析。句意:虽然中国的 GDP 世界排名第二,但它仍然是一个发展中国家,其家庭平均收入远低于
3、西方发达国家的家庭平均收入。空处指代前面提到的“average family income”,同名不同物,且表示特指,故用 that。 【导学号:25874060】3(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(三)Mary is looking for a new apartment for rent and she wants to find_with a garage.Ait BthatCone Dthe oneC 考查代词辨析。句意:玛丽在寻找出租的新公寓,她想找到一座带车库的公寓。空处指代句中的“a new apartment”, 且表泛指,故用 one。4According to the
4、 Gini Index, the degree of wealth concentration in China has risen by a third in the past 35 years and now is larger than_of the US.Athis BoneCthat DsuchC 考查代词。句意:根据基尼指数,中国的财富集中度在过去的 35 年中已经上涨了三分之一,并且现在已经超过了美国。分析句子成分并结合句意可知,空格处为特指,指代前面的 the degree,故 that 符合题意。that 为特指,既可指代可数名词也可指代不可数名词 ,只能指代物;one为泛指
5、,指代可数名词,既可指代人也可指代物。故选 C 项。5(2017南京高三三模 )For the final_of our journey,we decided to take the coach.Aleg BroundCdistance DpathA 考查名词辨析。句意:旅程的最后一段,我们决定乘坐长途汽车。leg“一段路程,一段旅程” ,符合语境。6(2017盐城市高三三模) The artist is among the few who continue to draw after childhood is ended without the_of academic training.Ae
6、volution BassumptionCdistinction DinterruptionD 考查名词辨析。句意:艺术家诞生于少数的这类人中,他们在童年结束以后不被学术训练打断而继续画画。evolution“进化,演变” ;assumption“假定,假设” ;distinction“区分” ;interruption“打岔,打扰”。7(2017通、扬、泰、淮高三三模) The online word “selfie” is gaining_and more and more people tend to use it nowadays.Aaccess BadmissionCcontrol
7、DcurrencyD 考查名词辨析。句意:网络词汇“selfie”正广泛传播,现在越来越多的人倾向于使用它。currency “流传,通用,流行,传播” ,gain currency“得到普遍认可或广泛传播 ”。8(2017南京、盐城高三二模) During each NBA season,basketball fans cheer on their favorite teams to make_through.Ait BthemCthat DthoseA 考查代词辨析。句意:在每个 NBA 赛季中,篮球迷为他们最喜爱的球队加油,鼓励他们顺利通过这个赛季。make it “成功渡过,通过” 。
8、9(2017苏锡常镇高三二模)Which day shall we go on a picnic next week?Make it_day you like,for it makes no difference to me.Aone BanyCanother DotherB 考查代词辨析。句意:“我们下周哪一天去野餐呢?” “随你便,定在哪一天都可以,因为这对我来说无所谓。 ”根据答语中的“it makes no difference to me”可知 ,对于答话者来说定在任何一天都可以,所以用any 表示“任何的 ”。10(江苏省名校高三入学摸底卷(考点卷一)He was faced wi
9、th the_of whether to go abroad for further study or find a job to support his family after he graduated from college.Acontrast BdifferenceCadjustment DdilemmaD 考查名词辨析。句意:大学毕业以后他面临着是出国继续深造还是找一份工作来养家糊口的两难境地。dilemma“( 进退两难的)窘境,困境” ,符合语境。contrast“对比” ;difference “差别” ;adjustment“调整” 。11(江苏省名校高三入学摸底卷(考点卷
10、二)She has a_for literature and reading classic books or articles has become part of her routine.Atalent BpassionCrequirement DreputationB 考查名词辨析。句意:她酷爱文学,阅读经典书籍或文章已经成为她日常生活的一部分。talent “天赋” ;passion“酷爱,热爱” ;requirement“要求” ;reputation“名望,声望” 。12(江苏省名校高三入学摸底卷(题型卷)Having a regular bedtime_is something
11、people can do to lower their risk of becoming overweight.Aarrangement BactivityCtrend DroutineD 考查名词辨析。句意:有一个规律的就寝时间是人们可以做的降低他们变胖的风险的事情。routine“常规,惯例” ,符合句意。arrangement“安排” ; activity“活动” ; trend“趋势” 。13(2017南京市四校第一学期联考试题) In lightning I noticed a tall_running towards the other side of the street.Aa
12、ppearance BshadowCfigure DcharacterC 考查名词辨析。句意:借着闪电的光,我看到了一个高大的人影朝街道的另一侧跑去。figure “(远处人的)轮廓,人影 ”,符合语境。appearance“外貌” ;shadow“阴影” ;character“人物 ,角色” 。14(2017南京市四校第一学期联考试题)_provide a relatively cheap,quick and efficient way of obtaining large amounts of information from a large number of people.AQuest
13、ionnaires BExperimentsCGraphs DExaminationsA 考查名词辨析。句意:问卷调查提供了一个相对便宜、快速和有效率的方式来获取来自许多人的大量信息。questionnaire“问卷调查” ,符合语境。experiment “实验” ;graph “图表” ;examination“检查” 。15(江苏省 2017 届高三第二学期六校联考)As to cooperation,Chairman Xi Jinping stressed that we should replace the “winnertakeall” thought with an all wi
14、n_Adebate BissueCapproach DworryC 考查名词辨析。句意:关于合作,习近平主席强调说我们应该用共赢的方法取代“赢者通吃”的思想。approach“方法,途径” ,符合句意。debate“辩论” ;issue“问题” ;worry“担心” 。16(江苏省四星级学校 2017 年 4 月联考) Professor White believes as soon as Cathy learns the office_she will be an excellent assistant.Adilemma BroutineCschedule DprincipleB 考查名词辨
15、析。句意:怀特教授相信凯西一旦熟悉了办公室的日常事务,她就会成为一名优秀的助手。dilemma“( 进退两难的)窘境,困境” ;routine“常规 ,例行公事 ”;schedule“工作计划,日程安排” ;principle“原则,法则” 。根据句意可知,选 B 项。17(江苏省四星级学校 2017 年 4 月联考)Only through constant practice can a magician master the_and perform it in front of an audience.Acriterion BknowledgeCrule DtrickD 考查名词辨析。句意
16、:只有经过不断的练习,魔术师才能掌握(魔术)戏法,在观众面前进行表演。trick“戏法,把戏” ,符合语境。criterion“标准 ”;knowledge“知识” ;rule “规则” 。18(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(一)From what you have told me,I am in the_ that the Chinese Lunar New Year has become an international festival.Aacquaintance BknowledgeChope DbeliefB 考查名词辨析。句意:根据你所告诉我的,我知道了中国农历新年已经成为
17、一个国际性的节日。in the knowledge that .是固定用法,表示“知道,了解” 。acquaintance“相识,相识的人” 。19(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(二) In her partnership with BabyTree,Jessup will write a weekly blog that explores the_and meanings behind English names.Aorigins BconsequencesCresources DsymbolsA 考查名词辨析。句意:在与 BabyTree 合作期间,Jessup 将每周写一篇探索英
18、文名字背后的起源和意义的博客。origin“起源” ,符合语境。consequence“后果” ;resource“资源” ;symbol“象征” 。20(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(三) A Bite of China showed us fresh food materials,delicate presentation,and detailed cooking in China.However,a series of food safety incidents has damaged the countrys_for fine cuisine.Acontribution Baf
19、fectionCconservation DreputationD 考查名词辨析。句意:舌尖上的中国给我们展示了中国新鲜的食材、精美的菜式和精细的烹饪。然而,一系列食品安全事件却令中华美食名声受损。reputation“名声,名誉” ,符合语境。contribution “贡献,捐赠” ;affection“喜爱” ;conservation“保存” 。21(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(四) He refused to discuss his_from the government,so people didnt know why he left his post as a publ
20、ic official.Adeparture BseparationCescape DabsenceA 考查名词辨析。句意:他拒绝讨论自己离开政府一事,因此人们不清楚他为什么辞掉了自己公务员的职位。根据题干中的“so people didnt know why he left his post as a public official”可知,此空填 departure,表示“脱离,离职” 。separation“分离,分开” ;escape“逃避” ;absence“缺席” 。22(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(五)During an exam,its a good idea to g
21、ive careful_to the questions before writing your answers.Aconsideration BacquisitionCexplanation DinstructionA 考查名词辨析。句意:在考试中,在写下你的答案之前仔细考虑一下问题是个好主意。根据句意可知,consideration“深思,仔细考虑”符合语境。acquisition “获得 ”;explanation“解释” ;instruction“指导” 。 【导学号:25874061】23(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(六)The doctor warned my grand
22、father that the disease would lead to kidney_if he put off the proper treatment.Adefeat BfallCfailure DattackC 考查名词辨析。句意:医生警告我的爷爷如果他推迟适当的治疗的话,这种疾病就会导致肾衰竭。defeat“( 比赛、战争等的)失败” ;fall“跌倒,下降” ;failure“失败,(机器或身体的)故障” ; attack“攻击,突然发作” 。根据句意可知选 C 项。24(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(七)As a qualified lawyer,he must alw
23、ays consider the best interests of his_Aclients BcolleaguesCorganizations DcompanionsA 考查名词辨析。句意:作为一名合格的律师,他必须总是考虑其委托人的最大利益。 client“委托人,当事人” ,符合句意。colleague“同事” ;organization “组织” ;companion“同伴” 。25(2017江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷(八) The rapid_of our city has caused many social and economic problems.Thats true.Our city is bigger than before,but our life isnt as quiet as before.Aexploration BexpansionCexplosion DevolutionB 考查名词辨析。句意:“我们城市的快速扩张已经引发了很多社会和经济问题。 ”“确实如此。我们的城市比以前大了,但我们的生活没有以前平静了。 ”根据答语中的“Our city is bigger than before”可知答案选 B项。exploration“探索” ;expansion“扩大,扩张” ;explosion“爆炸” ;evolution“进化” 。