1、单元加餐练.阅读理解AThe meaning of the word “volunteer” may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means “one who offers his or her services”. There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and pic
2、king up garbage from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteers dont expect any kind of pay.At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person
3、may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresas homes in Calcutta. The following is her story.“I first
4、 heard about Mother Teresa in my high school. We watched a video about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I also wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends
5、I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks.”“I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets, and pass out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped th
6、em. To be honest, I dont think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.”篇章导读：本文为夹叙夹议文，主要介绍了 Tracy 对 volunteer一词的新的体会及理解。1According to the
7、text, a volunteer refers to a person who _ .Ais willing to help those in need without payB can afford to travel to different placesC has a strong wish to be successfulDhas made a big fortune in life答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“one who offers his or her services”和第一段最后一句“Volunteers dont expect any kind of pay.”
8、可确定答案为 A。2Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer?AShe liked to work with Mother Teresa.B She had already had some experience.C She was asked by Mother Teresa.DShe wanted to follow Mother Teresas example.答案：D 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“I was so moved by her spirit . I also wanted to try her kind of work.”可知，她想以
9、Mother Teresa 为榜样。3What is Tracys “new idea” (in Paragraph 2) of being a volunteer?AGoing abroad to help the sick.B Working in Mother Teresas home.C Doing simple things to help the poor.DImproving oneself through helping others.答案：D 推理判断题。由第三、四段内容可知，Tracy 怎样在实践 volunteer 的过程中逐渐形成了新的体验和 认识，且从文中最后一句可知
10、 new idea 的含义 。4What is the best title for the passage?AHow to Be a VolunteerB Voluntary Life in IndiaC A Different Meaning of VolunteerDInspiration from Mother Teresa答案：C 标题判断题。本文以 volunteer 作 为导入，讲 Tracy 对volunteer 的新体会和与以前不同的理解。C 项切合文章的主题。BChimps (黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gatheri
11、ng in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age t
12、o gather their own food.In the laboratory, chimps dont naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage, he will pull at randomhe just doesnt care wh
13、ether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative. From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooper
14、ativeness in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, bu
15、t naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence
16、 develops in children before their general cognitive (认知的) skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.The core of what childre
17、ns minds have and chimps dont is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”， a group that intends to w
18、ork toward a shared goal.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过比较黑猩猩和小孩子的行为得出结论，相较于黑猩猩的自私，人类的本能和天性是帮助别人，与人合作和分享。5What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?AChimps seldom care about others interests.BChimps tend to provide food for their children.CChimps like to take in their neighbors food.DChimps naturally sh
19、are food with each other.答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 实验得知，黑猩猩不关心、不在乎同类。故 A 项正确。其中 C 项干扰性较大，由实验得出的结论是黑猩猩自私，而不是喜欢那么做。6Michael Tomasellos tests on young children indicate that they _ .Ahave the instinct to help othersB know how to offer help to adultsC know the world better than chimpsDtrust adults with their
20、 hands full答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一、二句得知，小孩帮助他人是出于本能和天性。故 A 项正确。7The passage is mainly about _ .Athe helping behaviors of young childrenB ways to train childrens shared intentionalityC cooperation as a distinctive human natureDthe development of intelligence in children答案：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过对黑猩猩和小孩进行的对比
21、实验证实了助人、与别人合作是人独有的本能。A 项干扰性较大，文章不是简单地介绍了小孩子的助人行为。.七选五Ten requirements for teens that wont get theminto college but will make them better peopleWrite a letter. An actual letter that does not begin with “Hey ” and is written, in handwriting, on real paper.Read a book for pleasure. _1_ Repeat when need
22、ed until you find a book you really love.Hold down an unpleasant job that makes you hate your parents a little bit because they wont let you quit.Go somewhere for the weekend without your phone. _2_ Every time you get a new toy or gadget (小玩意), give an old toy or gadget away to someone who doesnt ge
23、t new things as often as you do.Take care of someone or something other than yourself. _3_ And if its a dog, learn to brush the dog far enough away from the back door so that the hair does not all come back in your house when you are finished._4_ Even if this person hasnt given you a holiday or birt
24、hday present, find something to thank him for.Learn to cook a good meal that can feed the entire family, no matter what size family you have.Do something nice for a neighbor without expecting any credit for it and keep your identity secret._5_ If you want to aim for the top, good for you. But try to
25、 get there slowly, without knocking everyone else out of the way. Or missing the beautiful view.ADont race to the top.B A pet does nicely here.C Guess which job taught me more about life.DThen you may know what it feels like to be alone.EIf you start one and still hate it on page 50, find another on
26、e.FWrite a heartfelt thankyou note to someone over the age of 70.GPut the newspaper on the front step if it landed in the middle of the driveway.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了十件对青少年成长有益的事情。1E E 项中的“page 50”符合本段关于读书的语境，且“find another one”与设空后的“until you find a book” 相呼应，故选 E 项。2D 根据本空前的“without your phone” 及我们的
27、日常经验可知，不带手机意味着无法与其他人取得联系，只能“独自一人” ，这与 D项中的“to be alone”相呼应。3B 根据本空后的“if its a dog”可知，作者在这里以“宠物”为例，建议青少年照顾其他人或物。故 B 项符合语境。4F 根据本段中的“find something to thank him for”可知，作者建议青少年写一封“感谢信” ，F 项符合前后语 境。5A A 项中的“Dont race to the top”与空后的 “the top”，“get there slowly”相呼 应。故选 A 项。.语法填空Recently I have been think
28、ing about how I can help others, even _1_ the simplest ways. Because I spend five days studying at school, I focus on _2_ I can do for my classmates. I started in my English class.I usually go downtown for lunch. So after I ate my food, I bought two small bags of cookies and a large cup of iced tea.
29、 I got to class before everyone else, and I decided to pick someone _3_ needed a little more brightness on that day.Everyone came in _4_ read the note：“Random Act of Kindness. Pay it Forward.” They were pretty _5_ (excite). I acted as if I were astonished to avoid being found out and remain unknown.
30、 To my _6_ (surprised), the boy shared the food with the entire class. The next day, the boy who received my gift did pass it on. And he bought some food and a drink for _7_ student who had class after us.The following day, I made a CD, which was filled with pleasant music, with the purpose of _8_ (
31、cheer) anyone up who was having a rough day or who just wanted to be in a good mood. I put _9_ on another students desk. When he saw the CD, he shared the music with us during class, which made everybody happy. And I _10_ (leave) feeling good about myself the whole day. 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8.
32、_ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者决定从帮助身边的人入手开始帮助他人。他默默地做出两个小小的善举为同学买午饭及送同学 CD，并收到了很好的效果：其他同学分享并传递了他的爱心行为，同时作者也体会到了助人的快乐。1in 考查 介词。名词 way 通常与介词 in 搭配，表示“以的方式” 。2what 考查宾语从句的连接词。空 处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，故用连接词 what 引导。3who 考查定语从句的引导词。空 处引导定语从句，先行词为someone，从句中缺少主 语，故填关系代词 who。4and 考查连词。大家进来后， 读了那张便条。表示紧接着发生的两个动作，因此
33、填连词 and，表示并列关系。5excited 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，主语是人，本空应填过去分词 excited “激动的，兴奋的” ，作表 语，描述人的心理状态。6surprise 考查词性 转换。to ones surprise 为固定搭配，意为“使某人惊奇的是” ，所有格 ones 后应填名词 surprise。7a 考查冠词。根据语境，此 处泛指“一个同学” ，故用不定冠词 a。8cheering 考查非谓语动词。with the purpose of 为固定搭配，意为“为了” ，介词 of 后要跟名词或动 名词，因此填 cheering。9it 考查代 词。此处指代上文中提
34、到的“CD”，故填 it。10was left 考查动词的时态和语态。此处描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；leave 在此处是“使某人处于某种状态”的意思，主语 I 和 leave 之 间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。.书面表达你的美国笔友 Bob 对钓鱼很有兴趣，请你根据以下要点，写出你和你的爸爸暑假期间某天去钓鱼的经历，通过电子邮件发给Bob，让他分享你的经历。要点如下：1所带器具和食物等；2钓鱼过程；3一天的收获和感受。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：沙蚕 clam worms 鱼钩 fis
35、hhookDear Bob，How are you! Im glad to write the letter to you._Yours，Li Hua标准范文Dear_Bob，How_are_you!_Im_glad_to_write_the_letter_to_you.On a sunny morning in summer, my father and I drove to the seaside to fish. We took some clam worms, some bread and water as well. On arriving at the seaside, I fel
36、t comfortable. Bathed in the sea wind, I felt relaxed. Then we took our fishing poles out, put clam worms on the fishhooks and threw them into the sea. Then we waited patiently. After a while, Father got a fish. However, I lacked such knowledge of fishing. So my father constantly gave me some advice, which benefited me a lot. Then I fished a lot. At five oclock, we returned home, feeling very happy.Yours，Li_Hua
