1、真题体验,命题特点,备考指南,假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线（）画掉。 修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。,1. 2016年全国I卷,My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though n
2、ot very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some People even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that,fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle
3、says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.,used,本文主要讲了作者的叔叔拥有一家餐厅，作者的叔叔告诉作者，成功的秘诀在于诚实。 1.thatwhere 介词to后应是宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语，用where，意为“的地方”，close to where I live (离我住的地方不远的)是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰a restaurant。 2.去掉but 因在英语中，though与bu
4、t不可以同时出现，故应把but去掉。 3. had have 全文用的是一般现在时，故had也应用一般现在时。 4. honest honesty 由句意“成功的关键是诚实”，故用与名词the key相对的名词honesty作表语。,5.or and 在肯定句中，表示并列应用and。 6.using used 因be used for为固定搭配，意为“被用来做”。 7.在dreams后加of 因dream of doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。 8. the a 意思是“在一段短时期内”致富，表示“一段”用a。 9.our his 根据主语he可知，指“他的”事业，用形容词
5、性物主代词his。 10.steady steadily 修饰动词grow，表示“稳步地”扩大（生意），应用副词steadily。,2. 2016年全国II卷,The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend
6、money. But in that case, we will learn little about world.,If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn
7、 a lot.,本文主要讲了作者与同学谈论如何规划即将到来的暑假。 1.how what 因about后为宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，用what。 2.chose choose 因can为情态动词，后接动词原形。 3.take taking 此处与前面的staying为并列结构，故应用动名词形式。 4.but and 此处连接两个并列分句，用连词and。 5.在world前加the 因world是独一无二的东西，前要加定冠词the。 6. your our 该句主语是we，此处指开拓我们的眼界，故改成our。,7. knowledges knowledge knowledge为不可数名词，故去掉复
8、数。 8. can should或把can去掉 因为此处是suggest 的宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，故应用should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。故可将can改成should, 也可直接去掉。 9. thought think 根据上下文时态可知，此时应用一般现在时，故改成think。 10. many much 根据句意，这里是指花费许多，故用much不用many。,3. 2016年全国III卷,The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best
9、and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didnt seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it.,At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.
10、 I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.,本文主要讲了作者从13岁到19岁这一时期的体会。 1. year years 表示从“13到19岁”这几年，year为可数名词，故应用复数形式。 2. worse worst 根据前面的best可知我们此处应用形容词的最高
11、级。 3. 把first前的the去掉 因at first（最开始，起初）为固定搭配。 4. yourself myself 句子的主语是I，是由“我自己（myself）”做决定。 5. such so 指代上文提到的事情，用so，表示“这样”。,6. tell told 结合全文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。 7. freely free 因be free from（不受影响）为固定搭配。 8. wear wearing 介词后动词的ing形式。 9. to for 因leave for为固定搭配，意为“动身去某地”。 10. 在need前加I 分析句子结构可知，whenever引导状语从句
12、，从句中缺主语;再根据句子意思，表示“我”需要的时候。,4. 2015年全国I卷,When I was a child, I hoped to live in thecity. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green.,Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the enviro
13、nment has beenpolluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.,The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, well live to regret it
14、.,作者通过自己从小到大对城市生活态度的变化，说明环境保护的严峻情况，呼吁加强环保。 1. think thought 指小时候“想”。 2. 在countryside前加the 表示“在农村”习惯上说in the countryside。 3. or and 因“空气新鲜”与“山绿”是并列关系。 4. on with 表示“随着”用with。 5. 去掉shown前的been 因“研究”与“表明”是主动关系。,6. seriously serious 在名词前作定语要用形容词。 7. airs air 因air表示呼吸的“空气”时是不可数名词，没有复数形式。 8. Much Many 修饰可
15、数名词复数要用many。 9. found find 在情态动词(must)后用动词原形。 10. your our /the 全文叙述的角度都是作者自己。,5. 2015年全国II卷,One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked itso very much that he quickly walked into theshop.,After looks at the toy for so
16、me time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and tellinghim to wait outside a shop.,Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Momsaid, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ” Tony promised her that thi
17、s would never happen again.,本文叙述了Tony在购物中心与父母走散后，在热心人的帮助下找到父母的经历。 1. parent parents 由下文的his parents were missing可知用复数。 2. on in 据常识，玩具应在橱窗里面，故用in。 3. 去掉so后的very 这是sothat结构，不用very。 4. looks looking 介词after后面接动名词，故用looking。,5. where that或者去掉where 宾语从句，从句的结构与意思完整，用that引导或省略that。 6. begun began 因begin的过
18、去式是began。 7. telling told 与前面的saw是并列谓语，用told。 8. a the 特指上文提到的那家商店，用the。 9. saw后面加his 指Tony的父母，故加his。 10. terrible terribly 修饰形容词(worried)用副词。,6. 2014年全国I卷,Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden. Since thenfor all th
19、ese yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.,As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.,Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after ye
20、ar, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!,叙述作者种圣女果的经历。 1. before ago 由后文可知是离现在有5年了，相对“现在”来说多久以前，要用ago。 2. by of 因with the help of sb.是固定短语，表示“在某人的帮助下”。 3. year years 由these可知要用复数。 4. had have 自那以后到现在，应是现在完成进行时。 5. As后加a 因as a res
21、ult是固定短语。,6. somewhere everywhere 根据前句可知，是“到处”都生长着这种果树。 7. taste tasty 与形容词small, juicy并列，一起作表语，要用形容词。 8. much many 替代可数名词fruits，用many；由后面的them也可知是复数。 9. 去掉but或but yet 因but不与although连用，但yet可以。 10. wonderfully wonderful 在名词tomatoes前作定语，用形容词。,My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. T
22、hey are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didnt need to do so many homework.,7. 2014年全国II卷,Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.,My dream school look like a big
23、 garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachersbut also our friends.,本文介绍了作者理想中的学校。 1. They There 表示“有/存在”的there be句型
24、。 2. didnt dont 据上下文，要用一般现在时。 3. many much 修饰不可数名词homework要用much，而many只能用于复数可数名词之前。 4. with for 此处for相当于to do或to take part in。 5. hour hours 英语中的可数名词，其数目凡是大于一就要用复数。 6. look looks 一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词要加s，即一般现在时，第三人称单数加s。,7. 去掉flowers前的the 不是特指，不用the。意思是：教室周围有各种各样的花草。而不是有各种各样的“那些”花草。 8. sat sit 由or可知，
25、sit与lie并列，都是在情态动词can后，用原形。 9. 在listening 后加to 因listen是不及物动词，表示“听”什么，要说listen to。 10. helpfully helpful 与形容词kind并列，一起在句中作表语，也用形容词helpful。,8. 2013年全国I卷,I hardly remember my grandmother. She usedto holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is justa distant me
26、mory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much.,He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful.,In a fact, he even scared my classmates away d
27、uring they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.,本文作者着重介绍了自己声音低沉的爷爷。 1.holding hold 搭配：used to do sth.(过去常常做某事)。 2.passes passed 由主句时态可知，用一般过去时。 3.much well/clearly 因remember sb. very well /clearly (非常清楚地记得某人)是固定用法。 4.shoulder shoulders 肩有左右两个
28、，通常用复数。 5.towards to 短语fromintoto表示“从到”。,6.himself him 这种声音使“他”与别人不同。 7.he was前加and 句子He had a deep voice与句子he was strong and powerful并列。 8.删除fact前的a 词组：in fact =in reality事实上。 9.during when during 是介词，引导时间状语从句应当用连词when。 10.never ever 表示到现在为止“我”所认识的人中。,9. 2013年全国II卷,The book Im reading of talks abou
29、t afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800s. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 oclock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day.,Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcel
30、ain(瓷器) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.,本文作者介绍了目前正在看的一本关于英国下午茶的书。 1.去掉of “看书”是read the book，不用of。 2.H
31、ave Having 作主语，用动名词短语。 3.that which 引导非限制性定语从句不能用that。 4.becomes became 由语境可知用一般过去时。 5.在day前加the 单数可数名词不能单独使用。,6.Interesting Interestingly 修饰全句作状语，用副词，表示“有趣的是”。 7.bywith /to 词组：have a connection with/to与有关系。 8.drank drunk 构成被动语态，用过去分词。 9.cup cups 迫切需要好的杯子，不止一个应当用复数。 10.grow growth 作介词的宾语，或在冠词后用名词。,I
32、 learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I wasabout four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, butwhen things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while, parents bought me new toys.,10. 2012年全国新课标卷,
33、But before long, they began to see which washappening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “Thats it. No more toys to you.” My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience, I must make my toys to last. My attitude changedfrom then on.,作者回忆自己很小时就
34、学会了要耐心。 1.little less 由前面的more patient可知。 2.toy toys 玩具不止一个, 用复数。 3.did went或在did后加go 比较：do wrong作恶, 犯罪；go wrong(机器)出故障(与work相对)。 4.it them 指代前句中的the toys。 5.parents前加my 表示“我的”父母。,6.which what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语, 表示“所的事(the thing that)”, 用what。 7.tear tore 上下文谓语都是用一般过去时。 8.to for 比较：引出接受某物的人, 用for；在某些动词
35、后引出间接宾语时才用to。 9.must could /might 更有耐心, 才“可以”让玩具持续更久。 10.去掉last前的to 固定：make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。,1. 短文内容：与学生的学习或生活密切相关，好像就是学生的习作。 2. 短文长度：约100个词，不少于95词，也不多于110词。 3. 错误设置：每个句子最多有两处错误，即有的句子无错，有的句子只有一个错误，有的句子有两个错误。注意：一句不会出现三处错误。,4. 错误类型：1处多1个词；1处少1个词；8处错1个词，即多词、少词和错词的比例是118。 多一个词，要求考生删除的通常是：冠词、介词、连词、不定式符
36、号、助动词。 少一个词，要考考生添加的通常是：冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号、物主代词。, 错一个词，要求考生改正的通常是： 名词：该用单数却用了复数，该用复数却用了单数，该用所有格的却用了通格。 动词：谓语动词的时态一致、主谓一致、过去式或过去分词的错误；非谓语动词的三种形式(to do, doing, done)之间的混用。, 代词：前后指代不一致。人称不一致、单复数不一致、性别不一致以及主语与宾格的误用、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的误用等。 词类错用：该用形容词时却用了副词，该用副词时却用了形容词以及其他词性之间的混用。, 常用词的辨析：here与there, some与any, m
37、any与much, ago与before, beside与besides, ever与never, either与neither, very、much与very much, used to与be used to等。 另外，考过的还有do wrong与go wrong, cut off与cut down, think over与think of, somewhere与everywhere等。,短文改错的考点与语法填空的考点是基本相同的。两种大题均以考查基本的语法知识为主。我们不要淡化语法，因为没有语法就没有准确的英语；也不要深化语法，深化了就会步入语言学习的误区，使原本生动活泼的语言变得枯燥乏味，失去学习的乐趣。对此，命题人对语法的把握是适度的，只考最基本的语法，只考最常用词汇的用法，大多数在初中和小学就已学过，只要经常阅读，增强语法意识，都是些无师自通的内容。,备考策略：在平时的写作练习中，要养成跟同桌或同学互改的习惯；老师批改后的作文要认真思考：错了哪些，老师为什么这样批改。,Thank you !,
