1、1.细节理解题 2.推理判断题 3.主旨大意题 4.词义猜测题 5.文章结构题,五类题型 分类突破,专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步,A (2017内蒙古赤峰二中模拟) It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time.This is because food attracts germs；germs produce acid，and acid hurts your teeth and gums.Flossing(使用牙线) helps to remove the food that gets s
2、tuck between your teeth.This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy，but some doctors say that flossing can also be good for your heart.,题型突破(十) 主旨大意之文章或段落大意题,It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your heart.Doctors have come up with a few ide
3、as about how flossing works to keep your heart healthy.One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood.Germs that get into the blood can then attack your heart.Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth，the body t
4、ries to fight against these germs.For some reason，the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the heart overtime.,Not every doctor agrees about these ideas.Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence.The incidence(发生率)
5、of two or more events is completely random，as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them.For example，every time I wash my car，it rains.This does not mean that when I wash my car，I somehow change the weather.This is only a coincidence.Similarly，some doctors think tha
6、t people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems，and people who have good flossing habits just happen to have healthy hearts.,The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your heart healthy might not be true.But every doctor agrees that flossing is a great way to ke
7、ep your teeth healthy.So even if flossing does not help your heart，it is true to help your teeth.This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day. 语篇解读 文章主要讲述了使用牙线对牙齿有好处，但是否对心脏有好处还存在异议。医生建议：即使使用牙线对心脏没有好处，也应该天天使用牙线保持牙齿清洁。,语篇解读,1.From the passage，we know that . A.food stuck betwe
8、en your teeth may hurt your teeth B.all of the doctors agree that flossing is good for your heart C.doctors judgment about flossing is based on medical research D.not every doctor thinks flossing helps to keep your teeth healthy,答案,解析,2,3,1,解析 细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，长时间让食物停留在牙缝中是有害的，这是因为食物能吸引细菌，细菌会产生酸，腐蚀你
9、的牙齿，故选A项。,4,2.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 is to . A.provide an example B.make a comparison C.introduce a new topic D.develop the previous statement,答案,解析,解析 推理判断题。根据画线句中的not every doctor和上文出现的some doctors say.可以判断，此处是为了拓展前面的论述。故选D项。,2,3,1,4,3.Which of the following best states the main id
10、ea of the last paragraph? A.It is a fact that flossing can help your heart as well as your teeth. B.There is no good reason to believe that flossing will help your heart. C.Because doctors find flossing wont help your heart，it is useless to floss. D.Even if flossing is only good for your teeth，you s
11、hould still do it every day.,答案,解析,解析 段落大意题。根据最后一段提到剔牙能保持你的心脏健康这一理论可能是不正确的，但医生同意剔牙能保证牙齿的健康，因此即使剔牙不能有助于你的心脏，肯定能保护你的牙齿，这就是每天剔牙的重要原因。故选D项。,2,3,1,4,4.Which is the best title for the passage? A.Flossing by Coincidence B.How to Keep Your Teeth Healthy C.Flossing Habits and Healthy Hearts D.Why Doctors Dis
12、agree About Flossing,答案,解析,解析 标题归纳题。本文提到经过研究，剔牙与保持心脏健康之间有没有必然的联系不确定，但剔牙能保护牙齿的健康，这是可以肯定的。故选C项。,2,3,1,4,B (2017黑龙江哈尔滨六中期末) In cities with rent control，the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord(房东) can charge for an apartment.Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who
13、are living in the apartment.Their rent cannot increase；therefore，they are not in danger of losing their homes.However，the critics say that after a long time，rent control may have negative effects.Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits.Therefore，they invest in other businesses where t
14、hey can increase their profits.They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled.As a result，new apartments are not built.Many people who need apartments cannot find any.According to the critics，the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.,Some expert
15、s argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way.The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers.The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled，low-paying jobs.However，if the minimum is high，employers may hire fewer workers.They will replace w
16、orkers with machinery.Therefore，other things being equal，the number of workers that employers want decreases.Thus，critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.,Supporter
17、s of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity.Because of the law，workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum.Furthermore，employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages. Economic theory predicts the results of economic decision，such as decisions abo
18、ut farm production，rent control，and the minimum wage.The predictions may be corrected only if “other things are equal”.Economists do not agree on some of the predictions.They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it
19、.Economists do agree，however，that there are no simple answers to economic questions. 语篇解读 本文主要讲了政府对经济的宏观调控可能产生的结果。,语篇解读,5.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may . A.cause a shortage of apartments B.worry those who rent apartments as homes C.increase the profits of landlords D.encoura
20、ge landlords to invest in building apartments,答案,解析,6,7,5,8,解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“According to the critics，the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.”可知，房租管制可能导致的结果就是城市住房的短缺，故选A。,6.We can safely say that rent control . A.will always benefit those who rent apartments B.is un
21、necessary C.will probably bring inactive effects in the long run D.is necessary under all conditions,解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知限制房租会带来一系列的影响，从长远来看会导致公寓数量的不足，以及一些其他的消极影响。故选C。,答案,解析,6,7,5,8,7.There will be the problem of unemployment if . A.the minimum wage is set too high B.the minimum wage is set too early
22、C.the workers are unskilled D.the maximum wage is set for poor workers,解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，如果设定的最低工资过高，会导致企业不去雇用更多的人，而借助于机器，那样就会有更多的人失业。故选A。,答案,解析,6,7,5,8,8.The passage tells us about . A.the relationship between supply and demand B.the possible results of government controls C.the necessity of gover
23、nment control D.the urgency of getting rid of government control,答案,解析,解析 主旨大意题。本文以房租管制，最低工资的上调为例，阐述了政府对经济的宏观调控可能出现的结果。故选B。,6,7,5,8,C (2017辽宁鞍山一中一模) Donald John Trump，born on June 14,1946，is an American businessman.As the Republic Partys nominee for president in the 2016 election，he defeated Hillary
24、 Clinton in the general election on November 8,2016. Trump is the chairman and president of The Trump Organization，which is the principal holding company for his real estate(房地产) ventures and other business interests.During his career，Trump has built office towers，hotels，casinos，golf courses，and oth
25、er branded facilities worldwide.,Trump was born and raised in New York City and received a bachelors degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1968.In 1971 he was given control of his father Fred Trumps real estate and construction firm and later renamed it The
26、 Trump Organization.Trump has appeared at the Moss USA pageants，which he owned from 1996 to 2015，and has made cameo(配角) appearances in films and television series.He sought the Reform Party presidential nomination(提名) in 2000，but withdrew before voting began.He hosted and co-produced The Apprentice，
27、a reality television series on NBC，from 2004 to 2015.As of 2016，he was listed by Forbes as the 324th wealthiest person in the world，and 156th in the United States.,In June 2015，Trump announced his candidacy(候选人资格) for president as a Republican and quickly emerged as the front runner for his partys n
28、omination.In May 2016，his remaining Republican rivals suspended(暂停) their campaigns，and in July he was formally nominated for president at the 2016 Republican National Convention.Trumps campaign has received unprecedented media coverage and international attention.Many of his statements in interview
29、s，on Twitter，and at campaign rallies(集会) have been controversial or false.Several rallies during the primaries were accompanied by protests or riots. 语篇解读 本文主要介绍了美国的新任总统特朗普。,语篇解读,9.What do we know about Donald John Trump? A.His career is limited in America. B.It was a surprise that he defeated Hilla
30、ry Clinton. C.His business has expanded all over the world. D.His father was against him being a politician.,答案,解析,10,11,9,12,解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的介绍可知，特朗普集团主要从事房地产行业，其他行业也有所涉足，尤其是根据第二段最后一词worldwide可知，他的产业遍布全球。故选C。,10.Whats the main idea of Paragraph 3? A.Introduction to Trumps life. B.Introduction to Tru
31、mps family. C.The secret of Trumps success. D.Trumps dream.,答案,解析,解析 段落大意题。第三段对特朗普自出生以来的每个阶段都作了简单介绍。故选A。,10,11,9,12,11.Which of the following is NOT true for Donald John Trump? A.He once acted as a leading actor in films. B.He once worked as a host. C.He owns a lot of money. D.He majored in economic
32、s in university.,答案,解析,解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.and has made cameo(配角) appearances in films and television series.”可知，他在电影和电视剧中演过配角，没有演过主角。故A选项是错误的。,10,11,9,12,12.According to the last paragraph，we can conclude at the campaign . A.Trump owed his success to his family B.at a point all Americans protested ag
33、ainst Trump C.Trump had no Republican rivals D.all people didnt agree with the remarks Trump made,答案,解析,解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“Many of his statements in interviews，on Twitter，and at campaign rallies(集会) have been controversial or false.Several rallies during the primaries were accompanied by protests or
34、riots.”可知选D。,10,11,9,12,D (2017安徽安庆二模) Dragging a sleigh loaded with enough presents for the worlds children can be no easy skill.But，since ancient times，the Christmas Eve duty has been performed with distinction by a team of beloved reindeer(驯鹿). Soon，however，Santa Claus may have to start looking a
35、round for a stronger type of animal，as a new research shows the species is becoming increasingly puny.A 16-year survey on the Arctic Norwegian island of Svalbard found the reindeer there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent.,The reduction in average body-mass is being blamed on global w
36、arming.In the research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool，scientists have explained how rising temperatures are robbing female reindeer of nutrients during important periods of pregnancy.,Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of the y
37、ear，which，combined with low temperatures，limits grass growth to June and July.But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5 ，grass has become more productive，allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to have more babies.However，warmer winters have brought wit
38、h them greater rainfall which freezes when it settles on the snow.Reindeer can often access the poor food sources beneath the snow by clearing it away with their antlers(鹿角)，but they cannot break through the hard ice.As a result，female reindeer are becoming starved，causing them to abort their babies
39、 or give birth to much lighter young.,Despite the findings，reindeer appear to be suffering less from the effect of climate change than some other Arctic species.Last week the scientists warned that a third of the worlds polar bears could disappear in the next 40 years. 语篇解读 本文主要介绍了一项关于驯鹿受气候变化影响的研究。,
40、语篇解读,13.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “puny” in Paragraph 2? A.Strong. B.Mature. C.Heavy. D.Weak.,答案,解析,14,15,13,解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Soon，however，Santa Claus may have to start looking around for a stronger type of animal.”可知，圣诞老人可能很快就得开始寻找一种更加强壮的动物了，由此可推断出驯鹿不像以前那样强壮了，故puny的意思为
41、“瘦弱的”，与weak意思相近。,14.Why do female reindeer become fat in autumn? A.The temperature is getting low. B.They give birth to more babies. C.Grass has grown well since summer. D.They often break through the hard ice.,解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5，grass has becom
42、e more productive，allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to have more babies.”可知，由于夏季气温会升高约1.5 ，牧草更茂盛，使得雌性驯鹿到了秋天会变胖。故选C项。,答案,解析,14,15,13,15.What does the text mainly talk about? A.The Christmas Eve duty will still be carried out by reindeer. B.Reindeer has decreased in weight owing to global warming. C.Global warming contributes to more young reindeer. D.Many Arctic species are at the risk of dying out.,答案,解析,解析 主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了全球变暖导致驯鹿平均体重降低了12%，故选B项。 A项表述并非事实； C、D两项偏离主题。,14,15,13,本课结束,
