八年级英语上册 Module 1-12知识点归纳总结（打包12套）（新版）外研版.zip

1Module10 The weatherUnit1 It might snow.1.用于肯定句中表示猜测的情态动词 mustmaymight 用于否定句中表示猜测 can’t (不可能) may not(也许不) might notIt may/might (也许) be cold tomorrow.=It will probably/possibly be cold.= Maybe/Perhaps it will be cold tomorrow.It’s possible that it will be cold tomorrow.（否定句）It may/might not be cold.It must（肯定） be cold. （否定句）It can’t be cold.2.weather forecast/report for the next 24 hours （感叹句）What fine/bad/terrible weather!What a fine day! (注意 weather 是不可数名词，day 是可数名词) How terrible the weather is! 3. thick/thin ice4. freezing cold 刺骨的 freeze-froze-frozen 结冰，冰冻 5. You must be joking! 你肯定在开玩笑joke v. 尽管, 引导的从句可以与 but, however 互换，但不能与它们连用, 可与 yet, still 连用。1) 虽然他很累，但他继续工作。Although/Though he was tired, he still went on working. = He was tired, but he still went on working.2) 尽管他相当忙，但是还常常帮我学英语。He often helps me with my English although / though he is quite busy.= He is quite busy, but he often helps me with my English.9. I wish I were in Australia now. 虚拟语气，表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。I wish I were/was a bird flying in the sky freely. 但愿我是一只在天空自由飞翔的鸟儿。 10. better get going 是 we’d better get going 的省略形式, 意思是“最好现在去/ 走” 。 =had better gohad better (not)do sth.11. get warm(er)/cool(er)/long(er)/short(er)turn green /gold/yellow/palebecome angry/strong/ more and more beautifulchange to red change into…go bad/mad/crazy/wrong 12.at least 至少，最少 （反义词组） at most Unit 2 The weather is fine all year round.1.choose carefully the places to see and the time to go (chose-chosen) choose sb. sth.=choose sth. for sb. choose (not) to do sth.choice n.2. travel around3.The best time to visit New England is in September. 4. take photos of the autumn leaves5. forget/remember to do sth. 6. bring/take…with sb. an umbrella a university/European wolf7.Bring your swimsuit because you might want to swim in the sea. 8. compared to/with other places(常做状语，可放在句首也可放在句末) Compared to other boys, Jim is much cleverer.Jim is much cleverer compared to other boyscompare A to B 把 A 比作 B （不同类） People often compare teachers to candles.2Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose. compare A with B 把 A 和 B 做比较 (同类)The teacher likes to compare Jim with Tom.9.from time to time 有时，偶尔；时常 sometimes=at times 10. any time you like11. be/sound similar toThe word “mouse” sounds similar to “mouth”.12. depend on 根据…而定;依靠，依赖 Whether to have a picnic depends on the weather.We should depend on ourselves.The best time to visit Jiaxing depends on what kind of activities you are interested in.13. The Brazilian rainforest (巴西热带雨林)is one of the wettest places in the world. the Amazon 亚马孙河14. possible adj. impossible(1)as…as possible=as…as sb. canYou’d better run as quickly as possible or you’ll miss the last bus. Please speak English as much/often as possible.(2)It’s possible to fly to the moon one day.= It’s possible that we will fly to …We’ll probably/possibly fly to…(3) I’ll do everything possible to help you.The best time to visit JiaxingThe weather in spring is pleasant compared to other seasons. It is neither too hot nor too cold and there is always plenty of bright sunshine. However, it rains from time to time, so don’t forget to bring an umbrella. You also need to wear a warm sweater because it might be cool in the evening. As we know, Jiaxing is famous for a large number of places of interest. For example, Yuehe Street is an interesting place to have fun. What’s more, you can have a picnic with your family members by the South Lake. It’s a good time to plant trees as well. Remember to wear comfortable shoes if you plan to do some sightseeing around the city. Finally, it’s a good idea to bring your camera because you may want to take photos of the beautiful sceneries(景色).It’s hot and sunny in summer. It’s popular to wear a hat and a pair of sunglasses outdoors when the temperature stays above thirty degrees. It’s relaxing to swim in the sea and eat delicious ice-cream, but too much ice-cream makes you fatter.Autumn is a harvest season (一个丰收的季节). People are busy getting in crops(忙着收割庄稼) and picking various of fruits on the farm. It is a bit dry, so you’d better drink enough water. You may also fly kites in Linggongtang Theme Park (凌公塘主题公园) when it is windy.Winter is cold and the lowest temperature usually stays below zero. January is the coldest month and it’s great fun to play with snow. You can make a snowman with your playmates (伙伴). However, it’s impossible for you to go skating on the rivers or lakes because the ice is not thick enough. Never take the risk of falling through the ice. I’m not joking.Anyway/ In a word/ Generally speaking(总而言之)，the best time to visit Jiaxing depends on (取决于) what kind of activities you are interested in.1Module11 Way of lifeUnit1 In China, we open a gift later.1.It’s cool to wear a cap back-to-front.把鸭舌帽前后反过来戴很酷。2.If she is interested in playing chess, it’s a good idea to choose a chess set as a present. 3. We Chinese usually have meals with chopsticks/ while Westerners(西方人) use knives and forks for meals. This pair of chopsticks is pretty nice.（谓语是由 pair决定的）A knife and fork ___ on the table now. （is）a knife and fork 一副刀叉表示一个整体，用单数。4.A bar of chocolate is a perfect choice for those who prefer(更喜欢) sweet food.5.Students need to look up new words in dictionaries to improve their study.6. Little babies would like to play with toys.7. Video games are not popular with teenagers any longer now. 现在电子游戏不再受青少年欢迎了。8. Here’s your gift. Here’s the change(找头，零钱)/money. Here are some flowers for you.9. What a big surprise! n.1)in surprise “惊奇地”常位于动词之后作状语，表示方式。eg. John turned around and looked at me in surprise． 约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。2)to one's surprise “使某人吃惊的是” 、 “出乎意料地” ，常位于句首，作状语，表示行为的结果。eg: To my surprise, the door was unlocked．使我吃惊的是，门没有锁。surprised adj.人做主语,强调人的心理， “感到吃惊的”surprising adj.物做主语或修饰物， “令人吃惊的”试比较：a surprising look 一个令人吃惊的表情 a surprised look一个吃惊的表情3)be surprised at 对……感到惊奇 表示某种情绪、心情的起因时，常用 at…这一介词短语，表示“听到…”或“看到…而…”eg:She was surprised at the news. 4)be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 She was surprised to hear the news. 5)be surprised that + 从句 I was surprised that he died from an accident.10.immediately=at once=right now=right awayan immediate reply 立即回复11.You must use both of the hands to accept a present. (both这里是 pron. 做宾语)=You must accept a gift with both hands. (both这里是 adj. 做形容语)Both of them are married. (both这里是 pron. 做主语)Her parents are both doctors and they both work hard. They can both swim. (前一个 both是adj. 做定语，后一个 both是 pron.做 they的同位语)( both/all和频度副词、also、probably 的位置一样，放在实义动词前，情态动词、be 动词或助动词后）反义词 neither 两者都不Neither of them is able to work out the math problem. (谓语用单数) neither… nor… 既不…也不… He can neither sing nor dance. (连接两个动词做谓语)The weather in Kunming is neither too cold nor too hot all year around. (连接两个形容词做表语) Neither you nor I am a foreigner. (连接两个代词或名词做主语，谓语采用就近原则)all反义词 none 三者及以上12. I don’t think I should open it now. (否定前移)我想我现在不应该打开它。I don’t believe he is telling the truth.我认为他不是在说实话。13.You needn’t wait. =You don’t need to wait.Just wait and see! 到时候你就知道了。 can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待干某事 He couldn’t wait to open the box. can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁干某事 He couldn’t help laughing when he heard the joke.14.The way of life in China is quite different from that in Britain.(与…截然不同)There are many differences between the way of life in China and that in Britain.15. pay attention to 注意，留心 (to 是介词，后接名词、代词宾格或动名词)2We have paid much attention to health care in recent years.近年来，我们已经非常重视医疗保健了。pay no/little attention to 对…不重视You’d better pay more attention to taking good care of yourself.16.be interested in (doing) sthbe interested to do sth.17. 区分 for example, such as和 likefor example一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。(1) For example, air is invisible. (看不见的)(2) He,for example,is a good student. such as用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。 (3)Some of the European languages come from Latin，such as French，Italian and Spanish. 有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语，例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语。(4) Boys such as John and James are very friendly. like也常用来表示举例，可与 such as互换。但 such as用于举例可以分开使用，此时不可与like互换。 (5)Some warm-blooded animals,like/such as the cat，the dog or the wolf，do not need to hibernate. 一些温血动物，像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。(6)He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks. 他有几本像字典、手册之类的参考书。18.You mustn’t do any cleaning or break anything on the first day of the Chinese New Year/ the Spring Festival because it means bad luck/ it’s unlucky. do some cleaning/washing/reading/shopping sightseeing/cooking 19.You must use red paper for hongbao because it’s lucky/ red means good luck. 20.have one’s hair cut = have a haircut(cut-cut-cut cutting) cut down 砍伐（树木） ；削减（数字、数量等） They’ve cut down too many trees. You should cut down your composition within 500 words. 你应该把作文的字数减少至 500字以内。21. during the Spring Festival monthduring the Christmas seasonat Spring Festival/ Christmason the first day of the Spring Festivalon Christmas Day/Eve22.You can’t be serious. 你不可能当真的吧。=You must be joking/kidding.Take it easy./ Don’t worry. There’s nothing serious with your neck.别担心/紧张，脖子没什么大碍。The situation is becoming serious.She is serious with her work.她对工作很认真。He is seriously/badly hurt. Bad luck!23. celebrate vt. 庆祝They had a big party to celebrate his birthday.Grammar:must 的用法1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思为 “必须……，得……，要……” ；由 must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用 must，否定回答要用needn’t，意思是“不必” ；must 的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许” 。—Must I finish the task right now? —No, you needn’t. You mustn’t come here without permission. 没有允许你不准来这。2) 表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句中，意为 “一定是，必然……” 。Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital. He must be reading newspapers in the reading room now.（正在进行的猜测）have to 与 must的区别两者都表示“必须” ，但 must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。All passengers must wear seat belts. 系安全带My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school. can 的用法can的否定形式为 cannot，缩写为 can't。1) 表示能力I can’t swim. Can you drive？ 注意：can 表示能力可与 be able to互换使用，且后者有更多的时态，be able to常被用来表示 can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.32) 表示可能性，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat/hold 2,000 people. He can be very friendly at times.他有时可能非常友善。3) 表示允诺，意思是：可以，能够,相当于 may。You can read the book when I have finished it. Can I have a look at your pen? 4) 表示惊异、不相信、猜测等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中） ，意思是:会，可能。This can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。-Can it be Mr Wang?-No, it can’t be him because he has gone abroad. need的用法need作为情态动词表示“需要” ，一般用于否定句和疑问句。否定形式 needn’t比较常用，表示“不需要” ，或“不必要” 。例如：You needn’t be so rude.need也可以作为行为动词，表示“需要” ，sb. need to do sth. ; sb. need sb./sth.; sth. need doing = sth. need to be doneI need to brush my teeth immediately.She needed some help with her broken bike.Her bike needs repairing. 修理= Her bike needs to be repaired.Unit2 In England, you usually drink tea with milk.1. It’s good/bad manners to do sth.=It’s polite/impolite/rude (of sb.) to do sth.It’s good manners to offer your seat to the old on the bus. 在公交车上让座是有礼貌的。It’s bad manners to spit in public.在公共场合下随地吐痰是不文明的。2. experience n. 经历【C】 ；经验【U】vt.I’d like to share my wonderful experiences in Shanghai Happy Valley with you.我想要和你一起分享我在上海欢乐谷的美妙经历。Ms Gu is a good teacher with much experience.Ms Gu是一位经验丰富的好老师。She is an experienced teacher. experienced adj. 经验丰富的Have you ever experienced the way of life in England?(现在完成时的一般疑问句, experience vt.)3. stay n. 面积小的，较硬的突出的地方用 on13.Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the dinner party.Peter, you should behave like a gentleman.gentle adj. 轻轻的, 温柔的 gentlely adv.She said in a gentle voice.=She said gentlely.14. smile politelyIt’s polite of sb. to do sth.14. Here is some advice for visitors to Britain. advise sb. to do sth.15. Remember to drive on the left-hand side of the road in Hong Kong.16.speak to old people the old 老年人 the elder 长辈们16. wash up=do some washingclean up = do some cleaningeat up the food= finish eating all the foodlisten up 仔细听 17. It’s dangerous for teenagers to stay out alone at night.18. home/family rules 家规19. It’s bad for our health to stay up late in the evening.晚上熬夜对我们的健康不利。20. drink tea with milk We prefer Chinese tea with nothing else in it.中国清茶 green/black/flower tea 绿茶、红茶、花茶 21. In the south of China, we usually eat noodles on the birthday because it means a long life.1Module12 HelpUnit1 What should we do before help arrives?1.first aid 急救He succeeded with the aid/help of a hammer. 借助于锤子，他获得了成功。2.base n. medicine n.basic medical help 3. imagine v.imagine sth.imagine doingimagine 从句1) I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind. 我可以清楚地想像出那个情景.2)Can you imagine flying like a bird in the sky?3)She can’t imagine that he has done such a foolish thing.I couldn’t imagine how beautiful the scenery was.imagination n.He is full of imagination.他想象力很丰富。=He is imaginative. [ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv] adj. 富于想像力的4.at the bottom of the valley在谷底 at the foot of the mountain 在山脚下at the top of the roof在屋顶We walked up a flight of stairs.(一段楼梯)go down the stairs= go downstairs adv. the man upstairs/downstairs楼上的人/楼下的人5.区分 voice, noise和 soundShe has a sweet voice.(n.嗓子,嗓音)There’s so much noise.(n.噪音) It’s noisy here.(adj.吵闹的) It’s rude to talk noisily. (adv.喧闹地，喧哗地)She was too frightened to make a sound.I woke up listening to the sound of birds singing every morning while I was in the countryside.当我在乡下时，每天清晨听着鸟儿的歌声醒来。(sound n.泛指自然界的各种声音)6. be in pain= be painfulAs the old saying goes, ”No pains, no gains.” 正如那句谚语所说：“不劳无获。 ”区分 sore, hurt, pain，ache sore [sɔ:(r)] adj. 多指(因发炎)疼痛的，酸痛的have a sore throat 嗓子痛hurt adj.受伤的，一般是外伤，be/get hurt 也可以指情感、自尊的受伤 What he said just now hurt me deeply.vt. 伤害 hurt sb/oneselfvi. 疼痛 My head hurts a lot. 我的头很痛。pain n.可指(因受伤或生病而)疼，痛，痛苦He felt a sharp pain in his knee。用于比喻义，指心灵的伤痛，也可指付出努力 take pains to do sth.=make efforts to do sth.= try to do sth.ache n.多指(身体某部位的持续性) 持续的疼痛have a toothache(牙痛)/headache(头痛) /backache(背痛)/stomachache(肚子痛)have an earache耳朵痛7. first of all 首先= above all next,…then,… finally… （表示顺序的连接词，使得事情陈述有条理，写作时值得参考！）what’s more= besides而且8. 区分 look for, fine和 find out1) He _______ his lost pen everywhere, but he didn’t ______ it at last. (looked for, find) 2) Please ______ who broke the vase.(find out)9. What’s wrong with…？What’s the matter/trouble with…?10.But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。could 表示推测，就相当于 mighthave trouble/difficulty/problems (in)doing sth.11.shout/cry/call for help12.call 120/110/119/the police13.make him comfortablecomfort v. 安慰Thank you for comforting me.14.lift sb. up vt. (代词宾格只能放中间)lift me/him/her up (lifted)He is strong enough to lift the heavy furniture.a lift (n.) = an elevator [ˈelɪveɪtə(r)] AmE15. sit him on a chair= let/make him take a seat216.do harm to… n.be harmful to=be bad forPolluted air is quite harmful to our health.17.drop v.遵循 vt. 理解My pet dog follows me wherever I go.无论我走到哪里，我的宠物狗都跟到哪。I’m sorry I can’t follow you. Would you please speak a little more slowly?16. You can also help save others.17. get hit/hurt18.看起来他很痛苦。It looks like he is in pain.It seems that he is painful.He seems painful.19.区分 because of和 becauseHe was absent from school ____ his bad illness.=He didn’t come to school_____ he was badly ill.20.clear the rocks off the roads把岩石从公路上清除掉21. by doingHe made a living by pulling a rickshaw.他以拉黄包车为生。22.tsunami n.海啸 bubble n. 气泡23. learn about…了解关于24. go funny/mad/crazy/hungry/bad(go相当于一个系动词，后面可接形容词)25. act quickly26.be proud of I am proud of my daughter.My daughter is my pride. (n. 骄傲)