1、,人教课标版高二 选修 7Unit 4,Discovering useful words and expressions,Words Study,1. to change slightly to make something work better2. a mental shelf for cooking meat, toasting bread, etc3. connected with what is being done or discussed4. an idea,adjust,grill,relevant,concept,Find words in the unit for the
2、following meanings.,5. an honour6. something that has been organized7. written work in an office, such as writing reports or letters. 8. to breathe air into your nose noisily,paperwork,sniff,privilege,arrangement,Complete the paragraph with the word or phrases in the box.,otherwise airmail be dying
3、to adjust muddy hear from fortnight platform remote,Sharon looked at herself in the mirror and sighed. She had posted the _ letter to Tim last week but had had no reply. She smoothed her hair down with a wet comb, wiped her _ shoes, and thought about the three boy she had ever met, _ she would not h
4、ave months she had know him.,airmail,muddy,otherwise,He was the nicest fallen in love with him. She still remembered that he _ quickly when he heard she came from a _ village. At first she had _ him every week but now she had not heard for a _. Why? She had decided to find out.,adjusted,remote,heard
5、 from,fortnight,She walked down the _ to catch the train to New York feeling both excited and nervous. She _ see him again but what if he didnt want to see her?,platform,was dying to,1. relevant (adj.) relevantly (adv.) “有关的,有实际价值(重要性)的”反义词: irrelevant be relevant to “与有关” = be connected with have s
6、th to do with 这种工作与性别无关,The work of this kind is not relevant to sex.这类课程与当今的社会问题的关系 而论已毫无实际价值。The type of the course is no longer relevant to todays social problem.,2. adapt adjust adapt (oneself) to “适应，适合” You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你应该适应新环境。,adjust “适应” “调整”、“调节”使之适应adjust
7、 (oneself) to =adapt (oneself) to “适应”He adjusted his tie before entering the hall.You cant see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.,adapt (oneself) to 的to是介词, 后跟名词或动词-ing形式。类似的词组有:,be (get) used to 习惯于 be related to 与相关 lead to 带领,导致,通向 devote oneself to 献身于contribute to 为作贡献 ac
8、cess to 接近/进入(某地的)方法,注意,look forward to 盼望pay attention to 注意 give rise to 引起be accustomed to 习惯于be addicted to 沉溺于stick to 坚持belong to 属于refer to 提到, 涉及到,查阅,3. privilege “ 殊荣” It was a privilege to know you. 能认识你真是荣幸之至。 privilege 还表示“特权”、“权利” have the privilege to do sth = have the right to do sth
9、“有特权(权利) 干某事” Only members have the privilege to use the ground. the privilege of citizenship/ equality 公民权/平等权,4. otherwise (adv. conj.) “用别的方法, 其他方面; 否则, 不然 (or)” He is slow, but otherwise he is a good worker. Seize the chance, otherwise (or) you will regret it. 祈使句, and (or, otherwise) + 简单句 (简单句
10、常用将来时),1) Hurry up, _ you will be late. A. and B. otherwise C. if D. unless2) Study hard, _ you will pass the exam. A. and B. or C. if D. unless 3) Study hard, _you will not pass the exam. A. and B. otherwise C. if D. unless,B,A,B,Phrases Study,Phrases,1. hear from 收到来信2. be dying to 渴望 ;极 想3. come
11、across (偶然) 碰见、发现4. dry out完全变干; 干透; (使)变干5. dry up 干枯; (供应,思路)枯竭6. in need 在困难中; 在危机中7. stick out 伸出 8. up to 多达9. make a difference 有影响; 有作用10. care for 关心; 照顾; 喜欢; 想要,与hear 相关的短语:hear about 听到关于.的消息hear from 收到的来信hear of 听说, 听到hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事,1. hear from sb
12、. = receive ones letter,在某些感官动词如: see, hear, feel, watch, observe, notice, listen to等后,既可接现在分词作宾语,也可接不带to的不定式作宾补。,(1) Did you hear someone _ (laugh) outside?(2) I heard someone _ (read) loudly in the morning.(3) He was heard _ (sing) in the next room.,laughing,read,to sing,The missing boys were last
13、 seen _ near the river.A. playing B. to be playingC. play D. to play,A,“渴望”的类似说法1. have a strong desire for sth.2. be eager to do3. be thirsty for sth.4. desire to do sth. 5. long to do sth. / for sth.,2. be dying for/ to do sth. 渴望, 极想, 渴望做某事 Im dying for a piece of cake. I am dying to know where y
14、ou are from.,(1) 我极想出国 _(2) 他很渴望喝点酒 _,I am dying to go abroad.,He was dying for a little wine.,3. come across 偶然遇见/发现 The boys had never come across anything like this and started jumping out of the windows.,她在找东西时偶然发现了一些旧信件。She _ in the course of her search.,came across some old letters,与come相关的短语：
15、come along 快点, 来吧come back 回来, 折回come from 来自, 从来come off 从离开, 脱落come out 出来, 出版come up 走过来, 走近come over 过来come to 来到, 结果是,Dont forget!,I _ some interesting books in the room. A came about B came across C came out D came off (2) This situation should never have _. A came over B came up C came back D
16、 came about(3) How is your work _? A coming along B coming back C coming to D coming up,B,D,A,4. dry out (使)变干; 干透,(1) 他告诉我加热罐子是为了使剩余的食物变干。 He told me that the can was heated to _(2) Water the plant regularly, never letting _. (让土壤干枯),dry out the leftover food.,the soil dry out,5. dry up (河流，湖泊等)干枯;
17、 弄干、晒干、变干; (供应、思路) 枯竭(1) During the drought, the river dried up.(2) The writers long separation from social dried up his imagination.(3) 太阳很快就会把马路晒干的 _,The sun will soon dry up the roads.,6. in need 在困难中,在危急中 be in need of sth 需要 have the need for sth 对的需要 according to the need 根据需要,句意理解:A friend in
18、 need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。(1) 我们应该帮助有困难的人。We should help those in need.(2) 他现在很需要一大笔钱。He now is in great need of much money.,7. stick out 伸出, 突出 stick out for sth 坚持要求某事物 stick to sth 不放弃(1) She _ (伸出脚) and tripped him over.(2) 当车开动时不要把头伸出车窗外。 Dont stick your head out of the window while i
19、t is running.,stuck out her foot,(3) Once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it. A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to,B,8. make a difference 有影响, 有作用, 有差别 make no/ a little/ much/ some difference无/ 有一点/ 有很大/ 有一些差别 tell the difference between 说出的差别 be different from 与不同 make a di
20、fference between 区分,(1) 我们应该区分开对错。 We should make a difference between right and wrong.(2) 对我来说, 他去不去都没关系。 It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.(3) Does it _ any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00? A. tell B. be C. give D. make,D,9. care for 关心, 照顾; 喜欢, 想要 care about 在乎，关
21、心 take care of 照顾，保管 with care仔细地，认真地 be careful of 当心，小心 be careful about讲究 be careful for 当心，惦记,(1) 她一点也不在乎我 She doesnt care about me at all.(2) 你想要一杯茶吗？ Would you care for a cup of tea?,Revising useful structures,1 so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.2
22、The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.,3 and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys4 first up a mountain to ridge from where we had fantastic views5 The only possessions I could see were one broom,1. I made the jar which _
23、 _.2. Painting is an activity that _ _.,her birthday,I gave her for,enjoy,I really,3. The interpreter to whom you _ is on holiday.4. The man who _ _ is a doctor.5. The woman whose daughter _ is over there.,need to talk,just married,my best friend has,I went to school with,6. The school where you _ h
24、as been improved.7. Anne is doing some research on the time when her _.,studied last year,grandmother was a child,8. The reason why he _ was that he was watching an interview of the first Chinese astronaut on TV.,was late for school,定语从句 I,一、定义： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The man who lives next to us is
25、a lawyer.,The man is a layer. The man lives next to us.,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。,二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：1. 由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语, whom作宾语, whose作定语指人。 This is the man who helped me. 这位是帮过我的那个人。,The Doctor whom you are lo
26、oking for is in the room. 你找的那位大夫在屋里。Do you know the man whose name is Liu Xiang? 你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？,2. which引导的定语从句 这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。 This is the book which you want. 这就是你要的那本书。 The building which stands near the river is our school. 河边的那栋楼是我们学校。,The room in which there is a machine is a
27、workshop. 有机器的房间是车间。1) whom，whose，which作介词宾语时, 介词一般可放在它们之前, 也可放在从句原来的位置上, 在含有介词的动词固定词组中, 介词只能放在原来的位置上。,注意！,This is the person whom you are looking for. 这位就是你在找的那个人。2) 引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往往用which，不用that。 I have lost my book, which I like very much.,注意！,3. 由that引导的定语从句 that在定语从句中可以指人或物, 在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但
28、不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。 The letter that I received was from my father. 我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。,在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句： 1) 先行词是不定代词: all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 All that we have to do is to practice every Day. 我们要做的就是每天练习。,注意！,2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。 The first lesson that I learned will nev
29、er be forgotten. 我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。,Bear them in your mind!,3) 先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 你给我的书我全读完了。4) 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。,He is the only person that I want to talk to. 他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。5) 先行词既有人又有物时。 They talked of th
30、ings and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。,4. 由when, where, why引导的定语从句。 I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他为什么来晚了。 This is the place where we lived for 5 years. 这就是我住过五年的地方。,I will never forget the Day when I met Mr. Li. 我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。先行词是表示地点时, 有时用where，有时用tha
31、t (which)引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that (which), 否则用where。,This is the house where he lived last year.这就是我去年住的房子。This is the house that (which) he visited last year. 这就是我去年去过的房子。,5. 由as引导的定语从句 as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。 1. such as “像一样的”， “像之类” the sameas “和同样的,注意！,在这两个句型中, as是关系代词, 其中such
32、, same做定语, 修饰主句的名词、代词, 这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词, as在从句中担任主、宾、表。 This is the same thing as we are in need of. Such people as you say are short now.,2. such as such为代词，意思为 “这样的人/物”，as修饰先行词such。 This book is not such as I hope.3. the sameas/the same that “用一个” as that都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.,She is the sa
33、me age as you that you are.4. , as “有些” 在这里, as引导非限定性定语从句, 相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句, 有时可互换。 He is from Beijing, as/which they know from the way he speaks.,三、注意事项：,关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分。a. This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year.,b. That was the time when he arri
34、ved. Do you still remember the days that (which) we spent together?c. This is the reason why he went. The reason that (which) he gave us was quite reasonable.,1. Ive read all the books _ you gave me. A. which B. them C. what D. that,2. There isnt much _ I can do. A. what B. which C. that D. how,C,D,
35、I. Choose the right answer.,3. He keeps a record of everything _ he had seen there. A. he B. that C. which D. what,4. Tell us about the people and the places _ are different from ours. A. that B. who C. which D. whom,A,B,5. Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city _ he had visited in China. A. th
36、at B. where C. which D. what,A,6. The TV play I watched last night is the best one _ I have watched this year. A. which B. what C. whose D. that,D,7. Last Sunday they reached Qingdao, _ a conference was to be held. A. which B. that C. when D. where,D,8. Is this the museum _ you visited the other day
37、? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one,9. I began to work in Beijing in the year _ New China was founded. A. when B. that C. which D. where,A,A,10. This is the very film _ Ive long wished to see. A. which B. that C. who D. whom,11. There is no difficulty _ cant be overcome in the world. A. that B
38、. which C. who D. what,A,B,12. Who is the person _ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?A. who B. that C. which D. whom,B,13. This was the supermarket _ I bought this kind of tin. A. where B. that C. who D. which,14. The house _ the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery. A. that B.
39、 where C. what D. when,A,A,15. This is the last time _ I shall come here to help you. A. that B. which C. when D. what,16. The house _ we live is not big. A. in that B. which C. in which D. that,A,C,17. My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. that
40、C. which D. whom,C,18. All _ glitters is not gold. A. that B. which C. 不填 D. what,19. I now know why Mao impresses everyone who meets him the way _ he does. A. which B. what C. 不填 D. now,C,A,20. Beijing, _ is the capital of China, is a beautiful city. A. that B. it C. which D. 不填,21. She was no long
41、er the woman she was. A. that B. which C. what D. who,A,C,22. Thats the hotel _ last year. A. which we stayed B. at that we stayed C. Where we stayed at D. where we stayed,D,23. The doctor did all _ to save the wounded boy. A. what he could B. he could C. everything which he could D. for which he could do,
