1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 必修4 (通用本),Women of achievement,Unit 1,1.1.1集合的概念,Warmingup & Reading,1.1.1集合的概念,Section ,.单词速记1_(n.)项目；工程；规划2_(n.)运动；战役(vi.)作战；参加运动3_(n.)荫；阴凉处(vt.)遮住光线4_(adj.)值得的；值得做的5_ (n.)联系；关系；结合；纽带6_(adj.)直言的；坦诚的7_(vt.& n)尊敬；尊重；敬意8_(n.)款待；娱乐；娱乐表演,project,campaign,shade,worthwhile,bon
2、d,outspoken,respect,entertainment,9_(n.)人群；观众(vt.)挤满；使拥挤10_(n.& vt.)支持；拥护11achieve(v.)获得；达到_(n.)成就；功绩12special(adj.)专门的_(n.)专家；专业工作者13connect(v.)联系；连接_(n.)连接；关系14organize(v.)组织_(n.)组织；机构；团体15_(vt.& n)举动；(举止或行为)表现behaviour(n.)行为； 举止；习性16_(vt.)观察；观测；遵守observation(n.)观察；观测17argue(vt.& vi.)讨论；辩论；争论_(n.)
3、争论；争辩；争 吵18_(vt.)鼓舞；激发；启示inspiration(n.)灵感；鼓舞,crowd,support,achievement,specialist,connection,organization,behave,observe,argument,inspire,.短语互译1为而奋斗_2把贡献给；致力于 _3被允许做某事 _4与交流 _5(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海 _6put sb. to death _7human being _8move off _9work out _10lead a. life _,fight for,devote. to.,be allowed
4、 to do sth.,communicate with,crowd in,处死；处决,人类,离开；起程；出发,算出；制订出,过着的生活,.完成句子1简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么相似。Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand _.(how much引导的宾语从句)2这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开的黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。This means _where weleft the family sleeping in a
5、 tree the night before.(动名词作宾语),3她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months _.(only状语从句放于句首引起的部分倒装)4比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩猎食动物。For example, one important thing she discovered was _.(that引导表语从句),5我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头。我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。_， it all comes crowding in an
6、d I remember the chimps in laboratories.(once引导状语从句)答案：1.how much they behave like humans2.going back to the place3.was she allowed to begin her project4.that chimps hunt and eat meat5.Once I stop,.阅读理解Step 1Fast ReadingSkim the passage to match the main idea of the whole text and each paragraph.AJa
7、nes way to study chimps and her achievements.BJanes great achievements.CGiving an account of a day in the park.DJanes attitude to the animals.EJanes achievements in life and in protecting the wildlife.,Step 2Careful Reading1Choose the best answers according to the passage.(1)Jane Goodall has studied
8、 chimps for many years in order to _.Abecome an expert in this fieldBgain her doctors degreeCdiscover what chimps eatDhelp people understand the behaviour of chimps,(2)What helped Jane work out the chimps social system?AHer observation of the chimps family.BHer study of the chimps body language.CHer
9、 feeding the chimps.DHer good mathematics.(3)Jane insisted that chimps _.Abe allowed to live in the wildBbe given food to eatCbe used for entertainmentDbe used for scientific experiment,(4)From Paragraph 2 we know that Jane Goodall discovered an important fact that _.Achimps eat bamboosBchimps hunt
10、and eat meatCchimps eat vegetablesDchimps eat only fruits and nuts,(5)Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AJane is the first person to understand chimps behaviour fully.BNobody had studied the chimps before Jane.CJanes duty is to watch chimps wake up in the morning.DJane has been he
11、lping the world to understand and respect great women.,2Read the passage and try to answer the following questions.(1)Who is the student referred to in the title of the passage? Why?_(2)How do the chimps show love in their family?_(3)What does “they” in the sentence “Then we follow as they wander in
12、to the forest.” mean?_,(4)Complete the following sentence with words from Paragraph 1. (2 words)What we first did during the day is looking at a family of chimps _ carefully.(5)List three facts about Janes achievements she got._,Step 3DiscussionWhat do you think made Jane a great success?_答案：Step 1E
13、CADBStep 21.(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)B(5)A,2(1)Jane Goodall. Because she studies animals and learns from them in their own habitat.(2)By feeding or cleaning each other.(3)The members of a chimp family.(4)wake up(5)Working with animals in their own environment.Gaining a doctors degree.Showing that women can li
14、ve in the forest as men can.Step 3Her wisdom and courage; Deep love to the animals; Her hard work.,1.campaign(1)n.运动；战役Jody Williams helped found an international campaign to stop the making of landmines.乔迪威廉斯帮助组织了一次禁止造地雷的国际运动。The organization has launched/started_a_campaign_to prevent the air pollu
15、tion from being bad to worse.这个组织已经发起了一项运动，旨在阻止空气质量进一步恶化。,(2)vi.作战；参加运动People campaigned_to_show their dissatisfaction with the present situation.人们发起了一场运动表达了对当前形势的不满。知识拓展(1)launch/start a campaign to.发起一项运动做(2)campaign for参加争取的运动campaign against参加反对的运动campaign to do sth.为了做而发起运动,活学活用介词填空。He was dev
16、oted to campaigning _ human rights.All of the people in that town campaigned _ building the chemical factory there.用所给词的适当形式填空。They are campaigning _(save) the area from building development.答案：foragainstto save,2behave (v.)(1)表现She doesnt know how to behave in public.她在公共场合举止无措。He was a little boy,
17、 but he behaved as if he were an adult.他是个小男孩，可表现得跟大人一样。(2)behave(yourself)表现得体；有礼貌Behave_yourself;_dont make a fool of yourself.注意你的举止， 别闹出笑话来。I want you to behave_yourself while Im away.我不在家时你们要乖。,知识拓展(1)behavewell/badly to/towards sb.对待某人好/差behave oneself守规矩；表现得体(2)wellbehaved adj.表现好的badlybehave
18、d adj.表现差的(3)behaviour n举止；行为Some children could be noisy and badlybehaved.有些孩子会吵闹而且表现差。The boy was wellbehaved at the banquet and everyone praised his proper behaviour.那个男孩在宴会中表现很好，每个人都表扬了他的得体行为。,活学活用完成句子。这家商店的服务员对待顾客很好。The shop assistant _ customers.孩子，在公共场合要举止得体。Do _ in public, my child.(2014安庆高一
19、检测)The children will not be allowed to go to the supermarket if they dont _ themselves.AguideBshowCactDbehave,答案：behaves well towards/tobehave yourselfD考查动词。句意：如果不守规矩，孩子们就不被获准去超市。behave oneself为固定短语，意为“守规矩，表现好”。,3shade(1)n.U荫；阴凉处Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family beg
20、ins to wake up and move off.大家坐在树阴下等着，这时黑猩猩一家醒了，准备离开。(2)vt.遮住光线She raised her body to shade her child from being hurt.她用身体护住了孩子，使其免遭伤害。知识拓展in the shade(of.)在(的)阴凉处shade. from/against.为挡住,易混辨析,活学活用选词填空(shade/shadow)。Some villagers were resting themselves in the _.She was frightened to death when she
21、saw the _ of a man in the window.完成句子。她正坐在一棵大橄榄树的树荫下。She was sitting _.,车朝着有太阳的方向开，我们最好遮挡住眼睛。We _ while driving into the sun.答案：shadeshadowin the shade of a big olive treehad better shade our eyes,4worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.然而，到晚上时我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。We decided to
22、 give the money to a worthwhile cause(one that helps people)我们决定把这笔钱投入到慈善事业中。I thought it_was_worthwhile_to_clarify the matter.我认为有必要澄清事实。,知识拓展(1)It be worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.值得做某事(2)worth adj.有的价值；值得的sth. be worth doing某事值得去做(3)worthy adj.有价值的；有意义的be worthy ofn./being done/to be done值得It i
23、s well worth_listening to the lecture, though it is rather long.尽管这个讲座有点长，它还是很值得一听的。The boy was considered not to be worthy of being educated.人们认为这个男孩不值得教育。,名师点拨worth用法展读(1)worth一般只作表语，表示“很值得”，要用副词well来修饰。(2)be worth doing动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。(3)worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。活学活用用consider的适当形式填空。His suggest
24、ion is worth _.His suggestion is worthy of _.,It is worthwhile _ his suggestion.Mistakes dont just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes _.AfavourableBpreciousCessential Dworthwhile答案：consideringbeing consideredconsidering/to considerD句意：错误不会(无缘无故地
25、)发生，而是有原因的。如果找到这个原因，那么犯错误就值了。worthwhile值得的，符合句意。favourable赞许的，称赞的，(条件)优惠的；precious珍贵的；essential必不可少的，均不合句意。,5observe (vt.)(1)看到；观察到；注意到She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。(2)观察；观测；监视；注视In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observe
26、d a surprising behaviour.在猫和狗和平相处的家庭中，研究人员观测到了一种让人惊讶的行为。,(3)遵守(规则、法律等)Even running the yellow light will be charged, so you had better observe the traffic rules strictly.闯黄灯都要被罚款，你最好严格遵守交通规则。(4)庆祝(生日、节日、周年等)Chinese people observe_the_Spring_Festival in the same way that western people observe_Christ
27、mas_Day.中国人庆祝春节就像西方人庆祝圣诞节一样(重要)。,知识拓展(2)observe the traffic rules遵守交通规则(3)observe the Spring Festival/Christmas过春节/圣诞节,图解助记情景记忆多意的observe,名师点拨observe sb. do sth.在变成被动语态时，应添加省掉的不定式符号“to”。This kind of cover has been observed_to_influence the growth of plants.人们观察到这种罩子对植物生长有影响。,巧学助记一言巧记observeWhen we a
28、ttend the parade to observe the National Day, we must observe the traffic regulations. If we observe someone run the red light, we should stop him.当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。,活学活用完成句子。You should _ _ _ _(遵守当地的风俗) when you go abroad.All of us _ _ _ _ _(看到他进了教室) with a book in his h
29、and.答案：observe the local customsobserved him enter the classroom,一句多译。在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地(excitedly)观看太阳升起。_ (observe从句)_(observe宾语doing)答案：On the top of Mountain Tai, people excitedly observed that the sun was rising.On the top of Mountain Tai, people excitedly observed the sun rising.,(2014淮安高一检测)Father t
30、old me to _ the milk until it boiled and then turn off the gas.Aobserve BwatchCnotice Dsee答案：B考查动词辨析。句意：父亲告诉我看着牛奶直到沸腾，然后关上煤气。watch意为“注视，看着，看守”；observe多指有目的地“观察，观测”；notice“注意，留意”；see“看见”。,(2014北京，24)_ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.AObserve BTo observeCObserved DObse
31、rving答案：A考查祈使句的用法。根据句子结构可知，_carefully应为主句，故选A构成祈使句。句意为：在实验室里做实验时要仔细观察是否有什么变化发生。,6argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争论She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。My students argued_over the correctness of his answer.我的学生们对他
32、的答案是否正确互相争论。They argued_with_each_other_about the best place for a holiday. 他们彼此争论关于度假的最好的地方。,知识拓展(1)argue for.为而争论；为辩护argue against争辩(反对)argue with sb. on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事(2)argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事(3)argue that.提出理由说明；主张(4) argument n争论；争辩；论点It is our task to argue_them_int
33、o leading a lowcarbon life.说服他们过低碳生活是我们的任务。,Others argue_that more bus routes should be opened up because the haze is from bad to worse.另外一些人认为应该开辟更多的公交路线，因为雾霾天气越来越严重。名师点拨可以用来表达“说服某人做某事”的结构persuade sb. to do/into doing sth.get sb. to do sth.convince sb. to do sth.,活学活用介/副词填空。Do what you are told and
34、 dont argue _ me.They are arguing _ who should pay the bill.We argued him _ going on such a dangerous journey.You want to argue me _ agreeing to your proposal?答案：withover/about/onout ofinto,(2014如东高一检测)What is going on over there?They are arguing _ each other _ private affairs.Aabout; with Bwith; ab
35、outCwith; with Dabout; about答案：B考查固定搭配。句意：那儿发生了什么事？他们正为私事争论不休。argue with sb. about sth.与某人争论某事。,7inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.她激励着要为妇女们的成就而欢呼喝彩的人们。We should inspire_the_children_to_think.我们应启发儿童思考。Our first sight of our teacher did inspire_us_with
36、 much confidence/inspire_much_confidence_in us.我们一见到我们的老师，心中就充满了信心。,知识拓展inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事,激起/引起某人,活学活用一句多译。他的话使我产生了信心。_答案：His words inspired me with confidence.His words inspired confidence in me.,(2014南阳高一检测)The coach _ the team to make even greater efforts.Aadmires BdemandsCinspires Dr
37、espects答案：C考查动词辨析。句意：教练激励球队更加努力。inspire sb. to do sth.意为“激励/鼓舞某人做某事”，符合句意。admire羡慕；demand要求，常用于demand sb. of sth.结构；respect尊敬，尊重。,8support(1)vt.支持；拥护；养活；资助；支撑；承受Jane was permitted to begin her work after her mother came to support her.简在母亲来帮助她之后才得到允许开始工作。She managed to support_herself and even make
38、some progress in her career in those hard times.在那些艰苦岁月中，她设法养活了自己并在事业上有所发展。Support the babys head when you hold it.抱婴儿时要把头托住。,(2)n.U支持；拥护He gave some cases in_support_of his opinion.他举出了不同的情况以支持他的观点。知识拓展support oneself自主谋生in support of支持；拥护,活学活用写出下面句中support的含义。They do not support the new President.
39、 ()Our school is supported by the government. ()Walls support the roof. ()答案：拥护资助支撑,The majority of people in the town strongly _ the plan to build a playground for children.Aconsider BsupportCconfirm Dsubmit答案：B考查动词辨析。句意：镇上的大多数人都强烈地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。consider考虑，思考，认为；support支持，拥护，维持；confirm证实，确认；submit
40、屈服，不得已接受。,9respect(1)n.尊敬；尊重；敬意We all should have/show_respect_for our parents and teachers.我们都应该尊敬我们的父母和老师。(2)vt.尊敬；尊重Everyone respected Liu Yang for her bravery.刘洋因勇敢而深受大家的尊敬。,知识拓展(1)respect sb.have/show respect for sb.尊敬某人respect sb. for.因而尊敬某人(2)out of respect for出于对的尊敬(3)respectful adj.表示敬意的；尊敬
41、的respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的活学活用完成句子我敬重他的诚实。I _ _ _ his honesty.答案：respect him for,(2014武汉高一检测)I would be _ if you could give me some advice on how to get along well with my classmates.Arespectful BgratefulCpeaceful Dhopeful答案：B句意：如果你就如何和同学好好相处给我一些建议，我将感激不尽。respectful尊敬的；grateful感激的；peaceful和平的；hopefu
42、l有希望的。,I show _ and admiration for my former maths teacher.Apassion BdislikeCfeeling Drespect答案：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：我尊敬和钦佩我以前的数学老师。respect尊敬，尊重，符合句意。passion激情；dislike不喜欢；feeling感情。,10.move off离开；起程；出发The car stood at the traffic light for a few moments, then moved_off.那辆汽车在交通灯前停了一会儿，然后离开了。The lorries were lined up, ready to move_off.卡车都排好队，准备出发。,
