1、Unit 4Exploring plants,THE DESTRUCTION OF TROPICAL RAINFORESTSEd Walker(E)is interviewing Dr AnneButler (A) about the destruction of tropical rainforests.E：Anne，we hear a lot these days about how quickly tropical rainforests are disappearing.,A：Yes，thats right.Rainforests now cover only 6% of the ea
2、rths land surface.They used to cover about 14%，so more than half of the worlds tropical rainforests have been destroyed，and thats in less than 50 years.Over 150 acres of rainforest is lost every minute in Asia，Africa，Central and South America.E：Thats unbelievable.A：Yes，its frightening.The last remai
3、ning rainforests could be gone in less than 40 years.E：But why is this happening?,A：Well，there are a number of reasons.As populations increase，people need more land to live on.Forests are cut down to plant crops or to start farms.The wood is sold for firewood or building materials，furniture and pape
4、r，for example.And there are also mining companies which destroy the forests in their search for minerals.E：I suppose people have to make a living.,A：Yes，but you know，people can make more money by harvesting things like fruits，nuts and oils，as well as plants that can be used in medicine than by cutti
5、ng down the forests.E：Oh really？I didnt know that.Now，could you outline some of the reasons why its not a good idea to destroy rainforests?A：Sure.You must have heard about the rich animal and plant life in tropical rainforests.Well，there are about 10 million species of plants and animals in the worl
6、d.More than half of these live in the tropical rainforests.So，destroying rainforests means that thousands of these species are dying out before weve even realized it.,E：Ive heard too that the rainforest could provide us with cures for diseases.A：Yes，there are certainly many new drugs waiting to be d
7、iscovered.Another problem is that the destruction of forests contributes to global warming.Also，rainforests absorb a lot of rain so that theres a constant supply of clean water running into rivers and lakes.If the trees are cut down，the rain isnt absorbed and there is flooding.E：So，what can individu
8、als do to help slow down the destruction?A：Thats a good question.(fade out),阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)1Rainforests cover 14% of the earths land surface.()2More than half of the rainforests have disappeared.()3150 acres of rainforest are destroyed every day.()4In 40 years time we might not have any rainforests
9、left on earth. ()5People can make more money from harvesting rainforest plants than from cutting down the rainforest. ()答案1.F2.T3.F4.T5.T,Period 1Warming Up, Prereading & Reading,.单词识记1_v虫媒_n虫媒2_/IgztIk/adj.异国情调的；外来的；奇异的3_adj.远的，远处的_n距离；远4_/skeI/n.磅秤；天平盘；规模；程度；范围5_/mInrI/adj.教会的；传教的,6_v约束；限制7_adj.流利
10、的；流畅的8_adj.植物学的_n.植物学9pirate/paIrIt/n._10endeavour/Indev/n._答案1.pollinate；pollinator2.exotic3.distant；distance4scale5.missionary6.restrict7.fluent8.botanical；botany9.海盗10.尽力，竭力,.短语天地1on a large scale_2date back to/from_3result in_4in the 1740s_5come across_6_以知名；被认为是7_呼吁；对有吸引力8_对感兴趣9_适应10_大量的；许多,答案1
11、.大规模地；广泛地2.追溯到；远在年代3.导致；终归4.在十八世纪四十年代5.遇见，碰到6.be known as7.appeal to8.take/have/feel interest in9be adapted to10.vast quantities of/large numbers of,.句型搜索1The plants in our gardens look_ _ _(如此熟悉以至于)often we do not realize that many of them actually come from countries_ _(遥远的)2Collecting “exotic” pl
12、ants，_ _ _ _(所谓)，_ _ _(追溯到)the earliest times.3_ _ _(使植物存活下来)during long land or sea voyages was an enormous challenge.答案1.so familiar that；far away2.as they are called；dates back to3.Keeping plants alive,.预读理解1Which country sent botanical expeditions in the 18th and 19th centuries?AAsian nations. B
13、Australia.CEuropean nations.DNorth American nations.2What conditions did the plant collectors have to face?AConflicts. BDisease.CHunger. DAll of the above.,3Why did the plant explorer lose several years work in Paragraph 5?AThe plants he collected died after a long voyage.BLarge numbers of seeds fai
14、led to grow.CHe used the Wardian case in a wrong way.DHe got hurt in the expedition.4What is a Wardian case?AThere are little holes to let air in.BIts a case made of metal.CIts a case which can be carried.DIts a container which supplies fresh water to plants.,5It can be inferred that_.AChina probabl
15、y is the original nation of the tea plantsin IndiaBTree of Heaven was introduced from North AmericaCFather Farges discovered Dove Tree and made it popular in FranceDRobert Fortune benefited a lot from the support of the Chinese government答案1.C2.D3.A4.C5.A,1adapt v使适应；改编After entering the university，
16、every student must adapt to university life.进入大学后，每个学生都要适应大学生活。The cars fuel system was adapted to take unleaded gas.汽车的燃油系统经过了改装以便使用无铅燃气。It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.他过了好一阵子才适应新环境。,(1)adapt oneself to.使某人适应于(to为介词)adapt to.适应于adapt sth from.根据改编某物be adapted for为而改编、改
17、写(2)adaptable adj.有适应能力的；可改编的adaptation n.适应；改编(3)adopt v.收养；采纳,【归纳拓展】,The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan.After a few months，the child came to adapt to his new life.这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。,【比较网站】 adapt/adjust(1)adapt指修改或改变，使某物或某人做些改变以适应新条件。(2)adjust
18、指借正当的判断或熟练的技巧“调整，调节”以使两者互相适应。,用适当的介词填空The play is adapted_a novel.Most tools have been specially adapted_use by disabled people.When you go to a new country，you must adapt yourself_new customs.答案fromforto,2familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的Are you familiar with the rules of baseball?你熟悉棒球规则吗？English，maths and his
19、tory are the subjects that are familiar to you.英语、数学和历史是你熟悉的科目。Your face seems familiar.你看上去很面熟。,【归纳拓展】(1)(2)sb is familiar with sthsth/sb is familiar to sb(3)be on familiar terms with.和交情好,【温馨提示】be similar to与相似；注意与be familiar to的辨析。Im familiar with this car，which is not similar to yours.我对这辆车很熟悉，这
20、车与你的不一样。,【单项填空】The workers are so_to the noise of the machine that they dont even notice it during their work.Aaccustomed BsubjectiveCfamiliar Dassociated解析be accustomed to习惯(适应了)；be familiar to为所熟悉。答案A,3distant adj.远的；远处的；远亲的；冷漠的Peace was just a distant hope.和平只是遥不可及的事情。She could hear the distant s
21、ound of fireworks exploding.她能够听到远处烟花燃放的声音。a distant cousin/relative远房堂兄弟/亲戚in the too(not)distant future在遥远的(不久的)将来,(1)distance n.距离，远离,at a distance 隔开一段距离，从稍远处keep sb/sth at a distancekeep ones distance from sb/sth与保持相当的距离，疏远(2)distantly adv.遥远地，不密切地，疏远地,【归纳拓展】,【完成句子】We can see the mountain_the d
22、istance.我们从远处就可以看到那座山。The story happened in the_past.这个故事发生在遥远的过去。Youd better_.Its dangerous.你最好与那只狗保持距离，它很危险。答案indistantkeep that dog at a distance,4environment n环境The office is quite bright and airyits a pleasant working environment.办公室既明亮又通风，那是一种非常愉快的工作环境。Were not doing enough to protect the envi
23、ronment from pollution.保护环境不受污染我们做的还不够。,environmental adj.自然环境的；影响自然环境的environmentalism n.环境保护论environmentalist n.环境保护主义者environmental problems/protection环境问题/保护environmentally friendly 利于环保的；不损害环境的raise environmental awareness 提高环保意识World Environment Day 世界环境日,【归纳拓展】,【比较网站】 surroundings/condition/e
24、nvironment,【完成句子】Its difficult to imagine that youre working in such poor_.很难想像你是在这样差的条件下工作的。An unhappy home_can affect a childs behaviour.不愉快的家庭环境能影响儿童的行为。Living in pleasant_is good for your health.生活在舒心的环境中对你的健康有益。答案conditionsenvironmentsurroundings,5conflict n矛盾；冲突 vi.战争；冲突；抵触the conflict of inte
25、rest 利益冲突conflict between religion and science宗教与科学之间的冲突The two stories conflicted，so I did not know which to believe.两个故事相冲突，我不知道相信哪一个。Do British immigration laws conflict with any international laws？英国的移民法与国际法有抵触吗？,conflict between.and. 之间的冲突conflict of. 的冲突conflict with与冲突，与战斗in conflict with 与冲突
26、，与矛盾bring sb into conflict 使某人与发生争执,【归纳拓展】,【比较网站】 conflict/fight/war/battle/combat(1)conflict多指对立的思想或意识所导致的冲突、分歧。(2)fight多指短兵相接的肉搏和厮杀。(3)war战斗的全体称为“战争”。(4)battle多指敌对双方使用武器而进行的大规模的战斗。(5)combat指个人或部队间的单独斗争、战争等。,【完成句子】She is_ _ _(有争执) her boss over sickness pay.Our views on children often_(互相抵触)His acc
27、ount_ _(相矛盾) reports from other journalists.答案in conflict withconflictconflicted with,6accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.我必须请你陪我去警察局。The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister.女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。Obama said in Shanghai，“It is no coincidence that the rela
28、tionship between our countries has accompanied a period of positive change.”奥巴马在上海说：“我们两国之间的关系带来了积极的变化，这并不是偶然的。”Ill stay here and keep you company.我留下陪你。,【归纳拓展】,(1) accompany sb to. 陪某人到to为介词，be accompanied by 由伴奏/伴随accompany sb at/on sth 尤指用钢琴为伴奏(2 )company n. 陪伴；公司companion n. 同伴，伙伴keep sb company
29、 陪伴，作伴,【温馨提示】accompany作动词用时意为“陪同去”(go with.)，本身已包含了go的含义，因而不能再与go连用。I accompanied him to the hotel.我陪他去了宾馆。Her father accompanied her to the concert and when she sang，her father accompanied her on the piano.Her song sounded wonderful accompanied by the music.她父亲陪她去音乐会，当她唱歌时，她父亲给她钢琴伴奏。在音乐的伴奏下，她的歌声听起来
30、优美极了。,【完成句子】Do you mind_ _(陪我)to the supermarket?He_(附有)his speech with gestures.The wellknown singer_ _(伴奏)at the electronic organ by his school teacher.答案accompanying meaccompaniedwas accompanied,7particular adj.特殊的，特别的 n细节，细目Children particularly would burst into laughter at his behaviour.尤其是孩子们看
31、到他的表演会大笑不止。The foreigners usually have a particular preference for Chinese art.外国人通常对中国艺术有特别的爱好。,in particularparticularly特别地；尤其地be particular about. 对挑剔,【归纳拓展】,【比较网站】 particular/special/especial(1)particular“特别的；讲究的；挑剔的”，强调特定的、个别的、与众不同的。(2)special“特殊的；专门的”，强调事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途，常与for短语或不定式连用。(3)esp
32、ecial“特别的；主要的；突出的”，强调事物的重要性，有“优越；好感”之意。,【单项填空】She has already tried her best. Please dont be too_about her job. Aspecial BresponsibleCunusual Dparticular解析句意：她已经尽最大努力了，请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。考查形容词辨析。be particular about为固定搭配，意为：对很挑剔。special特别的，特殊的，专门的，专用的；responsible有责任的，负责的；unusual不寻常的，罕见的。答案D,【完成句子】I hope yo
33、u can pay_attention to your handwriting.我希望你能对书写予以特别关注。The lecture will be of_interest to history students.学历史的学生会对这个讲座特别感兴趣。She_ _ _ _what she wears.她对穿着特别挑剔。答案specialespecialis very particular about,1date back to追溯到；远在年代This tradition dates back to medieval times.这个传统起源于中世纪。His interest in stamp c
34、ollecting dates back to his school days.他对集邮的兴趣始于学生时代。,1 date back to从现在追溯到过去某时，相当于date from或go back to，该动词的时态通常用一般现在时，没有被动语态。The custom dates from the 17th century这个风俗始于十七世纪。2 out of date过时的to date到目前为止up to date新式的；合乎时代潮流的make/fix a date定个日期begin to date开始过时date sb for the dance约某人去跳舞,【归纳拓展】,【翻译句子
35、】长城建于公元前3世纪。_这座教学楼早在50年前就建成了。_他有一些可追溯到二十世纪五十年代的唱片。_答案The Great Wall dates from the third century BC.The teaching building dates back to 50 years ago.He has a collection of records dating back to the 1950s.,2on a large scale大规模地；广泛地Here was corruption on a large scale.这里的腐败现象曾十分严重。There has been hous
36、ing development on a large scale since 1980.自从1980年以来，住房有了大规模的发展。He does business on a large scale.他生意做的很大。These cars are being produced on a large scale.这些车正在大规模地生产。,1 scales n.常用复数秤；天平a pair/set of scales一台/一组天平a spring scale弹簧秤 2 scale n等级，级别；范围；程度；规模a scale of salaries薪水的等级people who are high in
37、 the social scale社会地位高的人,【归纳拓展】,【翻译句子】破坏规模如此之大令我震惊。_污染会引起全球气候的改变。_答案I was shocked by the big scale of the destruction.Pollution could cause changes to weather patterns on a global scale.,3come across(偶然)遇见；碰见I came across some old pictures in my grandfathers drawer.我在爷爷的抽屉里偶然翻到一些旧照片。He spoke for a l
38、ong time but his meaning didnt really come across.他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有被理解。She came across well in the interviews.她在面试中留下很好的印象。My mother came across a child sleeping under the bridge.我母亲偶然发现一个小孩睡在桥下。,come about 发生come out 露出，出现；出版或发表；开花；传出，透露；显出；照片洗出；结果come to 突然想到；共计；苏醒come to do sth 逐渐地come up with 想出；提
39、供；找到解决问题的答案或方法,【归纳拓展】,【完成句子】How does it_ _that the air bus disappeared above the sea so immediately?这架空中大巴突然间在海上消失了，这是怎么回事呢？He_ _realize the importance of English.他慢慢地意识到了英语的重要性。The weather report said that it would rain this afternoon，but it_ _to be fine.天气预报说今天下午要下雨，但结果天气却很好。答案come aboutcomes toca
40、me out,4bring back拿回来；使回忆起来；使恢复Bring back the book next time.下次把书拿回来。His story brought back our happy childhood.他讲的故事使我们回忆起幸福的童年。Her stay in the mountains has brought her back to health.在山上的逗留使她恢复了健康。,bring about引起，致使，造成bring down击落；射杀；降低bring in获利；引进；推广；收获bring out生产，制造bring up养育，教养；呕吐bring oneself
41、 to奋力，下决心bring sb/sth under control控制某人/某物bring.back to life使恢复；使苏醒；使生动bring.back to health使恢复健康,【归纳拓展】,【比较网站】 bring back/bring about/bring down/bring in(1)bring back归还；使回忆Please bring back the book tomorrow.请明天将书带回来。This story brought back my own childhood.这个故事使我想起了自己的童年。(2)bring about引起；致使；造成What
42、brought about the quarrel between them?他们之间的争吵是由什么引起的？,(3)bring down使减低；降低；打垮，击败The government has taken some measures to bring down the price.政府已采取了一些措施来降低物价。(4)bring in 介绍；引进；赚得Recently they have brought in new technology.最近他们已经引进了新的技术。He does odd jobs that bring him in about 30 a week.他做零工每周可赚30英
43、镑。,【完成句子】Tom is said_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(由他叔叔抚养成人)Ill try to persuade them to_ _(降低) the price.答案to have been brought up by his unclebring down,【单项填空】Born and_near Edinburgh，Susan has devoted herself to writing for the young.Abrought in Bbrought downCbrought up Dbrought about解析bring in引进，获利，推广，收获；bring down击落，射杀，降低；bring up养育，教育，呕吐；bring about引起，致使，造成。答案C,1The plants in our gardens look so familiar that often we do not realize that many of them actually come from countries far away.我们花园里的植物看上去是那么熟悉，以至于我们常常意识不到在这些植物中有许多实际上来自遥远的国度。这是一个复合句，以so.that引导的结果状语从句，在状语从句中that引导的从句作realize的宾语。,
