1、Unit 2 The United Kingdom,【文章导语】 You must know about many English traditional festivals,but do you know anything about Bonfire Night(篝火夜)and Halloween(万圣节)?British FestivalsEvery year,all sorts of different festivals are celebrated in Britain.Some are village festivals,celebrated by only a few hundr
2、ed people,while others are celebrated by almost the entire population.Two of the most well-known British festivals are Bonfire Night1 and Halloween2.,Bonfire Night has an interesting history.In 1605,a man called Guy Fawkes and some of his followers tried to blow up the British Houses of Parliament3.
3、Guy Fawkes and his men dug a tunnel under one of the Parliament buildings,and hid much gunpowder there.Fortunately,on November 5,Guy Fawkes was caught just before he was able to light the gunpowder.He and his followers were burned to death.Today,people in Britain celebrate Guy Fawkes capture4 by lig
4、hting fires and holding fireworks displays.Many children make “guys”.Guys are dolls made out of paper and rags,and are put on top of a bonfire to be burned.The guys represent Guy Fawkes,and the fire represents the way he died.,Halloween is celebrated in Britain on the night of October 31.At this tim
5、e,it is believed that ghosts and witches5 travel around the countryside and revisit their homes.There are many customs related to Halloween.One of these is the game of “trick or treat.” Children,dressed up as witches,ghosts or monsters,knock on their neighbors doors,and shout “trick or treat!” If th
6、ey are lucky they receive a “treat”a bar of chocolate,or some sweets or some money.If,however,their neighbors refuse to give them anything,they play a trick on them.Bonfire Night and Halloween are two important festivals celebrated in every part of Britain each year.They are enjoyed by both young an
7、d old and have been for many centuries.,译文:英国节日每年,英国都庆祝各种各样的节日。有些是村庄的节日,只有几百人庆祝,然而其他的节日却几乎被所有的英国人庆祝。其中两个最著名的节日是篝火夜和万圣节。篝火夜有一个有趣的来历。在1605年,一个名叫盖伊福克斯的人和他的一些追随者试图炸毁英国国会。盖伊福克斯和他的追随者在国会大楼的下面挖了一条隧道,并在那儿埋了许多火药。幸运的是,在11月5日,就在盖伊福克斯点火药前,他被抓了。他和他的追随者被烧死了。,今天,英国人通过点篝火和放烟火庆祝盖伊福克斯被抓。许多孩子们制作“盖伊”。“盖伊”是用纸和碎布做成的娃娃,被放
8、在篝火的顶部烧掉。这些娃娃代表盖伊福克斯,火代表他死的方式。在英国人们在10月31日晚上庆祝万圣节。在这个时候,人们相信鬼魂和女巫会在乡间游荡,重回自己的家。有许多与万圣节有关的风俗。其中一个是“不请吃就捣蛋”。孩子们扮成女巫、鬼魂或怪物,去敲邻居家的门,并高喊“不请吃就捣蛋!”如果他们幸运的话,他们会得到“款待”一块巧克力棒,或者一些糖果或一些钱。然而,如果他们的邻居拒绝给任何东西,他们就会捉弄邻居。篝火夜和万圣节是每年在英国每一个地方都要庆祝的两个重要的节日。他们一直都为老少喜欢,并一直进行了许多个世纪。,词海拾贝 1.Bonfire Night 篝火夜2.Halloween /hlin/
9、 n.万圣节3.parliament /plmnt/ n.议会;国会4.capture /kpt(r)/ n.捕获5.witch /wIt/ n.女巫词海拾贝 1.Bonfire Night 篝火夜2.Halloween /hlin/ n.万圣节3.parliament /plmnt/ n.议会;国会4.capture /kpt(r)/ n.捕获5.witch /wIt/ n.女巫,难句剖析 1.Some are village festivals,celebrated by only a few hundred people,while others are celebrated by al
10、most the entire population.译文:有些是村庄的节日,只有几百人庆祝,然而其他的节日却几乎被所有的英国人庆祝。剖析:本句中过去分词短语celebrated by only a few hundred people作定语,修饰名词festivals;句中的并列连词while意为“然而”,其前后两句形成明显的对比。2.At this time,it is believed that ghosts and witches travel around the countryside and revisit their homes.译文:在这个时候,人们相信鬼魂和女巫会在乡间游荡
11、,重回自己的家。剖析:本句中的it是形式主语,that引导的从句that ghosts and witches travel around the countryside and revisit their homes作主语。,理解诱思 1.Which of the following is related to Bonfire Night?A.It is a festival celebrated by only a few hundred people.B.It is celebrated on the night of October 31.C.A man called Guy Fawk
12、es was burned to death.D.Children dress up as witches,ghosts or monsters.2.What Chinese festivals can you list? 答案:1.C2.There are many interesting Chinese festivals:the Spring Festival,Mid-autumn Day,the Qingming Festival,the Dragon Boat Festival,the Double Ninth Festival.,Section Warming Up,Pre-rea
13、ding,Reading & Comprehending,一,二,三,四,五,Pre-reading一、写作词汇检测预习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语篇。1.How many people does the club (组成)?About thirty people.2.How will you deal with the money?I will (分开)it into two parts.We will keep one part and give the other part to the poor children.3.There are many new words i
14、n the novel.You can (参考)your dictionary.,一,二,三,四,五,4.Which place of interest in Beijing is the best choice for this summer?The Great Wall.It (吸引)millions of people every year.5.To her (赞扬),she wrote an excellent article.The only regret was that she (遗漏)the word “out” in it.The article tells us a sto
15、ry about a boy who (脱离)his family and finally realizes how much his parents love him.She (阐明)the fact that no one loves a child more than parents.答案:1.consist of2.divide3.refer to4.attracts5.credit,left out,breaks away from,clarifies,一,二,三,四,五,二、阅读词汇检测预习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小短文。写出画线部分的汉语意思。China is a co
16、untry which is not unwilling 1. to have a conflict 2. with other countries.But China plays an increasingly important part in the world.Its currency 3. and language have become more important than before.For convenience 4.,many foreigners begin to learn Chinese.Certainly,some people think China has s
17、ome problems to deal with.For example,Chinese educational 5. systems need to be reformed.答案:1.不愿意的2.冲突3.货币4.方便,便利5.教育的,一,二,三,四,五,三、如果我们要描述一个国家,我们需要写哪些? 答案:If we want to describe a country we need to write its location,size,population,people,language,climate,resources,history,as well as its customs a
18、nd culture.,一,二,三,四,五,While-reading四、阅读课文PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY,回答下列问题1.What is mainly talked about in this passage?A.The history of the United Kingdom.B.The geography of the United Kingdom.C.The people of the United Kingdom.D.The politics of the United Kingdom.2.When people speak of England now,they
19、usually refer to England and .A.Scotland B.IrelandC.the United KingdomD.Wales,一,二,三,四,五,3.How many countries is the United Kingdom made up of?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.4.Where do most of the people settle in England?A.The zone nearest France.B.The zone nearest Scotland.C.The Midlands.D.The North of
20、 England.5.Which invader influenced the British words for food?A.The Romans.B.The Vikings.C.The Normans.D.The Anglo-Saxons.答案:1.B2.D3.D4.A5.C,一,二,三,四,五,一,二,三,四,五,一,二,三,四,五,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1.How many countries does the UK consist of?(P9)英国是由几个部分(国家)组成的?考点:consist of 由组成【高考典句】(2015浙江高考)Listening is th
21、us an active,not a passive,behavior consisting of hearing,understanding and remembering.因此听力是一种主动的而非被动的行为,由倾听、理解和记忆组成。The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs.这些阅读的地方主要是由桌子和椅子组成的。归纳:consist of表示“由组成”,不用于被动结构。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义The beauty of the picture consists in
22、 its balance of colors.这幅画的美在于其色彩的调和。搭配:consist in意义:在于The information consists with her account.这消息与她的描述是一致的。搭配:consist with意义:与一致2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义What he said was not consistent with the known facts.他说的与已知事实不符。词性:形容词含义:符合的/可靠的/稳定的3)consist of的同义词组:be made up of,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,consist of由组成cons
23、ist in在于consist with与一致,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,即学即用,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.England can be divided into three main areas.(P9)英格兰可以分为三个主要地区。考点:divide vt. 分配;分开【高考典句】(2015福建高考)I think we had better have another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it
24、.我认为我们最好再看一看怎样来分配这些家务。也许有更好的办法来解决它。He has decided to divide the books between Class 1 and Class 2.他决定把这些书籍分配给一班和二班。归纳:divide与介词between或among连用,表示“在中分配”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,The library is divided into different zones.这家图书馆分为不同的区域。归纳:divide与介词into连用,表示“将分成”。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的不同用法The branch has separated f
25、rom the trunk of the tree.这个树枝已从树干上脱落了。separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的事物“分隔”开来,也可指“离别”,常与介词from连用。We divided the orange into segments.我们将橘子分成几部分。divide指把一个整体“划分”成若干份。divide.into,一般是指通过切、割、劈等手段,把一个大的整体分成几个小的部分。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,The river separates our village from theirs and the villagers in our village are divi
26、ded into three groups.这条河流把我们的村庄和他们的村庄分开。我们村的村民被分成三个组。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,divide.between/among.在中分配divide.into.把分成divide sth in half/into halves 把分成两半divide up分开;划分divide.by.用除以,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,即学即用,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3.You can clarify this question if you study British history.(P9)如果你学过英国
27、历史,就能弄清楚这个问题。剖析:本句是一个复合句,if引导的是一个条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句,通常采用“主将从现”,即从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。如:I will attend your weekend party if I am free this Saturday.如果我这个周六有空的话,我将去参加你的周末聚会。注意:如果主句含有情态动词,则不要用将来时。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点:clarify vt.澄清;阐明【高考典句】(2014重庆高考)What is the purpose of the passage?这篇文章的目的是什么?To clarify s
28、ome misconceptions about fatness and exercise.为了阐明关于肥胖和锻炼的一些错误想法。The government has time and again clarified its position/stand on equal pay for men and women.政府已经反复阐明它对男女同酬的立场。归纳:clarify ones position/stand意为“阐明立场”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义No one presents concerns until clarification
29、is complete.在完全澄清这个议题之前,任何人都不要提出问题。词性:名词含义:澄清;说明,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,clarify ones position/stand 阐明立场clarify the situation/problem澄清情况/问题clarification n.澄清;说明,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,即学即用,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wale
30、s as well.(P10)令人庆幸的是,当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时,这三个国家和平地实现了联合。考点:accomplish vt.完成;达到;实现【高考典句】(2014课标全国高考) If you have somewhere you want to go,something you want to accomplish,someone you want to become.take immediate action.如果你有某个地方要去,有某件想完成的事情,有你想成为的某个人,立刻采取行动。Jack failed to accomplish his purpose.杰
31、克没有达到他的目的。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,They will accomplish their dreams sooner or later.他们迟早会实现他们的梦想。考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义Create situations that give employees a sense of accomplishment.创造条件让雇员有一种成就感。词性:名词含义:成就/完成/达到2)辨析:accomplish,complete,achieve与finishaccomplish指坚持到底而终于实现了预期目标。complete强调事物被完整地完成或终结,含有使某事
32、完善、完整、补足缺少部分的意思。achieve指排除各种困难而完成宏伟目标。finish普通用词,指完成日常的事务。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,即学即用,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,5.However,the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.(P10)然而,爱尔兰的南部不愿意组建联合王国,它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。剖析:本句中的动词不定式短语to form its own government 在句中作目的状语。如:He
33、 set out for Beijing to find a good job.他动身去北京,为的是找一份好工作。考点:break away(from)挣脱(束缚);脱离The boy broke away from us and ran away.那个男孩挣脱了我们,跑掉了。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,At that time,the American southern states wanted to break away from the Union.那时美国南方各州想脱离联邦。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义The car he bought last year br
34、oke down.他去年买的汽车坏了。搭配:break down意义:坏掉The thieves broke into the bank and stole a lot of money.小偷们闯入那家银行,偷了许多钱。搭配:break into意义:闯入,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,When did the First World War break out?第一次世界大战是什么时候爆发的?搭配:break out意义:爆发Our soldiers had little difficulty in breaking through the enemy lines.我们的士兵几乎没什么困难
35、就突破了敌人的防线。搭配:break through意义:突围/突破After midnight,the party broke up.午夜后,聚会散了。搭配:break up意义:散(会),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,break down打破;坏掉;分解;身体垮掉;(计划、谈判等)失败break into闯入break out(战争、火灾等)爆发break through突围;突破break up散(会);驱散;分手;学期结束;(使)痛苦,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,即学即用,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,6.To their credit the
36、four countries do work together in some areas(eg,the currency and international relations),but they still have very different institutions.(P10)值得赞扬的是,这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作(例如在货币和国际关系方面);但是有些制度仍然区别很大。考点一:to ones credit 为带来荣誉;值得赞扬;在名下Greatly to his credit,he won a precious gold medal at the sports meeting
37、.他在运动会上获得了一枚宝贵的金牌,这为他带来了极大的荣誉。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义Do you place any credit in the governments story?你相信政府的说法吗?词性:名词含义:信任I didnt credit his story.我不相信他的故事。词性:动词含义:相信2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义Jacks success does credit to his family.=Jacks success does his family credit.杰克的成功使他的家人感到光荣。搭配:
38、do credit to sb=do sb credit意义:使某人感到光荣,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,He passed the exam with credit.他以优秀的成绩通过了这次考试。搭配:with credit意义:以优秀的成绩3)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义It is also understandable even creditable that they want to express themselves in a foreign language.他们想用外语来表达自己也是可以理解的,甚至是值得赞扬的。词性:形容词含义:值得赞扬的/可信的The boss
39、assigned his car to his creditor.那老板把自己的小汽车让与了债权人。词性:名词含义:债权人,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,to ones credit为带来荣誉;值得赞扬;在名下do sb credit=do credit to sb使某人感到光荣with credit以优异的成绩,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,即学即用,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,7.It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth centur
40、y do not attract visitors.(P10)很遗憾,这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。剖析:本句中的It是形式主语,that引导的从句that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors是一个主语从句。Its a pity that.意为“很遗憾,”。如:Its a pity that you havent passed the driving test.很遗憾,你没有通过这次驾驶执照考试。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点:attract vt.
41、吸引;引起注意【高考典句】(2015重庆高考)In ancient Egypt,a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.在古埃及,一家店老板发现通过改变商店的环境,可以把顾客吸引到商店来。I kept trying to attract the waiters attention.我不断地示意招呼服务员。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义The citys bright
42、 lights,theatres and films are attractions that are hard to avoid.城市明亮的灯光、剧院和电影难免成为吸引人的事物。词性:名词含义:吸引人的地方(东西)The cinema has little attraction for some people.这家电影院对于有些人来说缺少吸引力。词性:名词含义:吸引力The kind of toys is very attractive to children.这种玩具对孩子们非常有吸引力。词性:形容词含义:吸引人的,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,attract ones attentio
43、n吸引某人的注意力attractive adj.吸引人的attraction n.吸引人的事物,吸引力,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,There are many attractions in my hometown,which are attractive and attract many tourists from all over the country every year.我的家乡有许多吸引人的地方,非常吸引人,每年吸引许多来自全国各地的游客。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,即学即用,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,
44、8.Which country is left out?(P11)哪个国家被遗漏了?考点:leave out 省去;遗漏;不考虑At that time there were many fewer women than men,so if a man didnt want to be left out,his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women.在那个时候,女子比男子少得多,因此如果一个男子不想被忽略,他唯一的选择就
45、是和另外一个男子跳舞,为的是能够吸引为数不多的可以结交的女子。He should not have left out the funniest part of the story.他本不应该遗漏故事中最有趣的部分。We left out the possibility of his coming.我们没有考虑到他会来。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的意义Nobody speaks to her;shes always left out.没有人和她说话;她总是受到冷落。意义:冷落2)leave out中的out为副词,接代词作宾语时,应把代词置于leav
46、e和out之间。Leave it out,please.请把它省略掉。3)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及意义You leave Mary alone or Ill tell my father.别惹玛丽,不然我要告诉我爸爸了。搭配:leave alone意义:不打扰/不管,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,I think we should leave off now and have a cup of tea.我想我们现在该停下来喝杯茶了。搭配:leave off意义:结束/停止The old man left behind him a debt of 10,000 dollars.老人死后留下了一万美元的债务。搭配:leave behind意义:留下My brother has just left Sydney for a tour of the world.我哥哥刚离开悉尼去周游世界了。搭配:leave for意义:动身去(某处),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,leave out省略;遗漏;不考虑;冷落leave alone不打扰/不管leave off结束/停止leave behind留下leave for动身去(某处),
