1、Unit 2 Grammar,The Use of -ing Form (1),看图完成下面的句子。,_ _ is my favourite sport.,Playing football,My sister enjoy_ alone on the seashore.,standing,The cartoon is _.,amusing,China is a _ country.,developing,We heard Tommy _ in his room.,singing,She sat at the desk _ a newspaper.,reading,1. 动词-ing形式的构成：是
2、在动词末 加 -ing 形式构成。如：do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc.否定形式：not+-ing 构成2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没 人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的 宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。,动词-ing形式,动词-ing形式时态和语态,I remember being taken to Wuhan when I was a very small child.(动词-ing的一般被动态)She admitted having opened the box. (动词-ing的完成式) How about the two of us ta
3、king a walk down the garden? (动词-ing的复合结构),动词-ing 形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。,playing football used as the subject,Playing football is my favourite sport.,My sister enjoy standing alone on the seashore.,standing used as the object,The cartoon is amusing.,amusing used as the predicative,说出下面句中动词-ing
4、 部分在句中作什么成分。,China is developing country.,developing used as the attribute,We heard her singing in her room.,singing used as the object complement,She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.,singing used as the adverbial,在本单元首先讲解动词-ing 形式在句中作主语和宾语的用法。,The -ing form as the subject and object,1. 直接置于句首(1
5、)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。(2)Learning new words is very important for me学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 (3)Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易。,动词-ing 形式作主语,2. 用形式主语it，把真正的主语-ing形式移 置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限 制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数 名词。(1)It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克
6、争辩是没有什么用的。(2)Its worth making the effort. 这事值得努力去做。 (3)It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。,3. 在there be no结构中作主语。这种结构 的意思相当于“It is impossible to do ”。(1)There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 若要人不知，除非己莫为。(2)Here is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。(3)There was no knowing when
7、he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。,It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做是没益/用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的There is/was no use doing 干无意义 There is no sense in doing 做没有道理,常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：,1. 只能后接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词, 常见的有avoid，con
8、sider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannot help，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannot stand， excuse，fancy，give up，put off，risk等。如： I cant avoid going 我不能不去。,动词-ing 形式作宾语,2. 既可接动词-ing 又可接不定式作宾语的 动词，常见的有：begin，start， continue，like，love，prefer，by， mean，forget，remember，hate等。A. 在like，love，h
9、ate，prefer等动词之 后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不 同，只是侧重点有些不同，动词-ing 形式表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的 一次性动作。,B. 在begin/start，continue之后，用动 词-ing 和不定式，意义无甚区别， 尤其是当主语是人的时候。,C. 在动词forget，remember，regret之 后，用动词-ing与不定式意义不同。 动词-ing表示动作先于谓语发生， 不定式表示后于谓语动作。,如：I remember posting the letter.我记得我已把信寄了。Ill remember to post the letter.我会记着
10、去寄信的。I shall never forget seeing the famous writer.我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。Dont forget to write to your mother.不要忘了给你母亲写信。,D. 在try，mean之后，意义各不相同， 如try to do (设法)，try doing (试试)， mean to do (打算，有意要做)，mean doing (意思是，意味着)。,如： We must try to get everything done in time.我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。 Lets try doing the workin
11、g in some other way. 我们用别的方法做这个工作试试。I didnt mean to make you angry.我并不想让你生气。Your plan would mean spending hours.你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。,E. go on doing 和go on to do: go on doing继续做一直在做的事； go on to do接着做另一件事。如： Please go on doing the same exercise. 请接着做同一个练习。 Please go on to do the other exercise. 请做另外一个练习。,F
12、. stop doing与stop to do: stop doing停止做; stop to do 停下正在干的事去干另一件事。 如： We stopped talking. 我们停止了交谈。 We stopped to talk. 我们停下来去谈话。,3. 作介词宾语 下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面 跟名词或-ing形式：devote to，object to，pay attention to，get down to， lead to, look forward to，stick to， be used to等。,1. _ provides us with essential nutr
13、ients (营养), while _ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed,单选,2. Have you forgotten _ $1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing;
14、bringing,3. My brother keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped4. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking,5. The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt hel
15、p but to laugh,6. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂 贵), it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it7. He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied,8. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation (休假) B. go on
16、vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation,9. The microscope is used for_ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine10. Mike has got used _ up late at night. (stay up) A. to sit B. / C. to sitting D. sitting,11. Once the heart stops _, death follows at
17、 once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating12. We are now busy _ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared,13. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) _ others. A. being infected(感染) B. infecting C. to infect D. infected14. Your clothes need _. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed,1. 家长们不应该让孩子们整天学习。 Parents shouldnot _ _. 2. 她由于忙着做饭，看上去有些疲倦。 She looked _ with _.3. 请用另外一种方法回答这个问题。 Pleaseanswerthequestion_ _.,Translation,havetheir children,studyingallday,tired,cooking,using,anotherway,Thank you.,
