1、Sharing,Unit4,Section Learning about Language,Unit 4,.词汇过关1_n烤面包片；干杯_v烤(面包等)；敬酒2_v完成_adv.完全地.短语自查1要是，会怎样？_2找到，发现_,toast,toast,complete,completely,What if.？,find out,.语法练习用适当的关系词填空1Thanks for your letter, _took a fortnight to arrive.2The boys_had never come across anything like this before started ju
2、mping out of the windows.3Ive read all the books_are not mine.4The man_I spoke to was a foreigner.5She lost the book_cover was blue.,6The school_he once studied is very famous.7Is this the reason_he refused our offer?8There are occasions_one must yield.9They need a plant_didnt need as much water as
3、rice.10Shandong is the place in_I was born.答案：1.which2.who/that3.that4.who/whom/that5.whose6.where7.why8.when9.that/which10which,toast vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒n烤面包片；吐司面包；干杯Please toast the bread please.请把面包烤一下。The wedding guests toasted the bride and bridegroom.婚礼客人向新娘和新郎敬酒。He is eating a piece of toast.他在吃烤面包。
4、Lets drink a toast to the newly elected chairman!让我们为新当选的主席干杯！,知识拓展toast sb./sth.为干杯two slices of toast两片烤面包drink a toast to sb./sth.为某人/某事干杯,活学活用Ladies and gentlemen, Id like to propose a toast _ the bride and the groom.AforBwithCinDto答案：D句意：女士们、先生们，我提议为新娘新郎干杯。propose a toast to sb.意为“提议为某人干杯”。这种表达
5、方式用于较正式的场合。,She see him again but what if he didnt want to see her?她又看到他，但是，如果他不想见她怎么办？what if如果，会怎么样呢？表示一种条件假设。What if you should fail?假如你失败了该怎么办呢？What if the earthquake happens?如果发生地震怎么办？,知识拓展what for为何目的？So what那又怎样？那有什么了不起？I hear you have just got a new car.我听说你刚买了辆新车。So what?那又怎么样？,活学活用(1)(2013
6、天津4)Marys been offered a job in a university, but she doesnt want to take it._？ Its a very good chance.AGuess what BSo whatCWho cares DBut why,答案：D本题考查情景对话。“玛丽得到一份在大学的工作，但她不想接。”由下句“_？那是个好机会啊。”可知是不理解她的选择，故问“为什么(不想接)”，选D项But why？而Gusset what？“你猜怎么着？”常用来表示对某事的惊奇与兴奋；so what？“那又怎样”，暗指没什么了不起的；who cares.“谁
7、在乎啊”，表示不关心。,(2)_if I fail to return the books on time?They wont lend you the books again.AWhatBWhereCWhoDHow答案：Awhat if为固定搭配，意思是“如果，会怎么样呢？”，相当于What will happen if.。句意为：“如果逾期不还书的话会怎么样？”“他们不会再借给你书。”A项合乎题意。B、C、D三项均不能够构成此意。,复习定语从句.概念1定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。,3关系词：引导定语从句的词，
8、叫做关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：连接定语从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。4定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。,.关系代词的基本用法1that的用法that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。She is the girl(that)you want to know.(作宾语，指人)她是你想认识的女孩。Do you like the book(that)you borrowed yeste
9、rday？(作宾语，指物)你喜欢你昨天借的那本书吗？This is the factory that produces cars.(作主语，指物)这是制造小汽车的工厂。,典题赏析(1)(2013陕西13)Let those in need _ that we will go all out to help them.Ato understandBunderstandCunderstandingDunderstood答案：B本题考查非谓语动词。句意：让那些困境中的人们理解我们会尽全力帮助他们的。Let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事。”“三让”let、have、make表示“让某人做某事”
10、时后面要接不带to的不定式做宾补。故选B。,2which的用法which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。A chemists shop is a shop which sells medicine.(which作主语)药店是卖药的商店。The building which they are building will be finished next month.(作宾语)他们正在建的大楼下月将完成。,典题赏析(2)(2014重庆9)Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of
11、the year.AwhichBwhereCwhenDwhat答案：A 本题考查定语从句。句意：我们将在一个月内实现我们今年初定下的销售目标。先行词为the sales targets在定语从句中充当动词set的宾语，需用which/that/不填， where、when在定语从句中只能充当状语；what不能引导定语从句。故A项正确。,(3)(2013江苏32)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.Awh
12、ere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen答案：B考查定语从句。句意：世界银行行长说他非常喜爱中国，他记得这早在他的童年时代就开始了。分析句子成分：逗号前为主句，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词在定语从句中作了remember的宾语，用which来引导定语从句。故选B。,3who的用法who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。The man who is talking to our teacher is Toms brother.(作主语)正同我们老师谈话的人是汤姆的兄弟。,典题赏析(4)(2013湖南21)Happiness and success often com
13、e to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.AwhomBwhoCwhatDwhich答案：B考查定语从句引导词。句意：快乐与成功会伴随那些对自己的能力有很多认识的人们。先行词those指人，定语从句又缺少主语，所以用who。,4whom的用法whom指人，是who的宾格形式，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中可用who或that代替。The lady whom you are looking for is in the office.(作宾语)你在找的女士在办公室里。,典题赏析(5)The settlement is h
14、ome to nearly 1,000 people, many of_left their village homes for a better life in the city.AwhomBwhich CthemDthose答案：A句意：这个住宅区是将近一千人的家园，他们当中一些人离开他们农村的家到城市里寻找一种更好的生活。先行词是people，指人，且作介词of的宾语，故用whom。,5whose的用法whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指人时，相当于of whom；指物时，相当于of which。This is the scientist whose name is kno
15、wn to all over the world.(指人)这就是那位世界闻名的科学家。She lives in a house whose window faces the sea.(指物)她住在一座窗户面向大海的房子里。,典题赏析(6)(2014山东10)A company _ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.AwhichBwhoseCwhoDwhy答案：B考查定语从句。句意：一个来自国内市场利润正在下降的公司或许会寻求国外的机会。由句意可知，此处用“whose 名词”引导定语从句。,
16、6as的用法as既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语。它常用在the same.as., such.as., as.as.等句型中，as不能省略。I want to have such a computer as he has.(as作宾语)我想有一台和他一样的电脑。Ill buy the same dictionary as you have.(作宾语，指物)我打算买一本和你的一样的词典。,.关系副词的基本用法关系副词when, why, where在定语从句中分别作时间、原因、地点状语，且可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词关系代词”的结构。Ill never forget
17、the time when we worked together on the farm.(when指时间)我将永远不会忘记我们一起在农场工作的日子。Sanya is the place where she was born.(where指地点)三亚是她出生的地方。I dont know the reason why he was refused.(why指原因)我不知道他被拒绝的原因。,典题赏析(7)(2014福建31)Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience f
18、or growth.AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhere答案：D考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为activities(活动)，且从句中缺少作状语的引导词，故排除A、C；when指时间，不符合语境，故D项正确。句意为：学生们应该参加社区服务活动，在这些活动中他们能够获得成长的经历。,(8)(2014湖南31)I am looking forward to the day_my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.AasBwhyCwhenDwhere答案：C考查定语从句。先行词是day，关系词在从句中做时间状语，应用
19、关系副词when，故选C项。,(9)(2014浙江5)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.AwhenBwhereCwhichDwhy,答案：A本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我直到五年级才成为一个严肃的攀爬者，那时我去救一个挂在树上的风筝。分析结构可知，此处考查的是定语从句的引导词，先行词为fifth grade为表示时间的名词，后面从句缺少状语，用when引导；where在定语从
20、句中作地点状语，先行词为表示地点或者抽象地点的名词；which在定语从句中要作主语、宾语； why在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词为reason。故A项正确。,(10)(2013江西33)He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.AwhatBwhichCwhereDhow答案：C考查定语从句引导词的用法。句意：他写了一封信，在信中他说明了事故中所发生的事。分析句式可知，此处用where表示“模糊的”地点概念，相当于in which。,(11)(2013北京27)Many countries are now
21、 setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected.Awhen BwhichCwhoseDwhere答案：D本题考查定语从句。句意：我们国家正在建立一些国家公园，动物和植物在那儿可以得到保护。分析结构可知，此处是考查定语从句的引导词，先行词为 national parks，定语从句缺少状语，要用where来引导，相当于in which。关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语；which作主语、宾语、表语；whose只作定语，三者均不合语境，故正确答案为D。,(12)(2013四川9)Nowadays people a
22、re more concerned about the environment _ they live.Awhat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere答案：D本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。先行词是environment为物(抽象地点)，而且定语从句中不缺少主语，live在此为不及物动词，故选where(in which)。,.由“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句此结构中的关系代词主要是which和whom，即“介词which/whom”，先行词为人时用“whom”，先行词为物时用which。Here are the questions, some of which I thought diff
23、icult.就是这些问题，我认为其中一些很难。He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.他有两个儿子，都是老师。,典题赏析(13)(2013重庆24)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members. Athem Bthat Cwhich Dwhom答案：D本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：约翰请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，绝大对数是家庭成员。分析结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为people，用“代词most介词whom”引导了非限制性定语从句，故D项正确
24、。which也可以用于此结构，但是其先行词不能是人。,(14)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _ had taken more than three years.Afor whichBwith whichCof whichDto which答案：C考查定语从句。句意：她带领参观者参观了那个建造工程花费了超过三年时间的博物馆。先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，指博物馆的建造工程，介词用of。选C。,点津then.of which/whomof which/whomthen.whosen.I bought
25、 a car yesterday the color of which is white.I bought a car yesterday of which the color is white.I bought a car yesterday whose color is white.昨天我买了一辆白色的小汽车。,.关系代词的特别用法,典题赏析(15)(2014江西28)Among the many dangers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.AwhichBwhatCwhereDwhen答案：A考查定
26、语从句。句意：在水手们不得不面对的危险当中，可能最大的危险就是雾。many dangers为先行词，在后面定语从句中作face的宾语，用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选A项。what引导名词性从句，不引导定语从句，where 和when引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。,.定语从句常见错误1缺先行词Is this school that you visited last year?(该句缺先行词，应在“school”后面加上“the one”)2缺引导词Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.(应在“Children”后面加上“who”
27、，关系代词作主语时不能省略)3成分重复This is the village that I lived in it years ago.(that和it句子成分重复，应去掉“it”),4谓语单复数确定不当He is the only one of the students who know French.(先行词为the only one，定语从句的谓语动词know应为单数knows)Mr Black, who are at the gate, is waiting for you.(先行词为Mr Black, who指Mr Black，谓语动词用单数is)5关系代词省略不当This is t
28、he girl from I learned the news.(在有介词提前的定语从句中不能省略关系代词，from后面应加上whom),单句改错1Some of the boys I invited them didnt come._2Anyone who break the rules will be punished._3Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth._4This is the house where we lived in last year._,8This factory is that I worked in._6
29、That can be done has already been done._7It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out._8This is the last lesson which Mr Smith taught me._答案：1.去掉them2.breakbreaks3.在children后加who/that4.wherethat/which或去掉in5.在is后加the one6.ThatWhat7.wherethat8.whichthat,.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1The boy _ wears glasses is Ha
30、rry Potter.2These are the trees _ were planted last year.3The woman _ you wanted to visit is a teacher.4This is the car _ was bought last year.5He is the man _ car was stolen last night.6This is the factory _ he works.7There are many reasons _ people like traveling.8I still remember the day _ I join
31、ed the league.答案：1.who/that2.which/that3.whom/that4.which/that5.whose6.where7.why8.when,.用适当的关系词来完成句子1The place_(使我最感兴趣的)was the Childrens Palace.2Do you know the man_(我与之交谈的)?3This is the hotel_(他们逗留的)last month.4Do you know the year_(我们一起生活)?,5This is the day_(我将永远不会忘记的)6The factory_(我们下周将要参观的)is not far from here.7Is there anyone in your class_(他的家庭在乡村)?8He isnt such a man_(他过去的样子),答案：1.which interested me most2.who/whom I talked with3.where they stayed4.when we lived together5which/that Ill never forget6.which/that well visit next week7.whose family is in the country8.as he used to be,
