1、时态（过去时）,1一般过去时表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常常给出过去的时间状语，如yesterday，last night，at that time等。I was out of town at that time , so I dont know exactly how it _ . A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened【解析】选B。 “事情的发生”是和“was out of town”同时发生的，故用一般过去时。,B, Ann is in hospital. Oh, really? I _ know. I
2、_ go and visit her. A. didnt; am going to B. dont; would C. dont ; will D. didnt ; will【解析】选D。在听完第一个说话者的话之后，“我不知道Ann在住院”这个情况就已经成为过去，所以要用一般过去时，因此可以排除B、C两项；我去看她这个动作发生在将来，是临时决定要去做某事，没有计划和安排性，所以用一般将来时，不用be going to结构，由此可以排除A项。故选D。,D,2. 过去将来时表示就过去某一时间而言，将要发生的动作。He said he would never come back again.他说他再
3、也不回来了。,3.过去进行时(1) 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生的动作。He was watching TV at 9 oclock last night.昨晚9点钟他正在看电视。,(2)某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。持续性动作用过去进行时，短暂性动作用一般过去时。My younger brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我弟弟骑自行车时从车子上摔了下来，伤了自己。As she was reading the newspaper
4、，Granny fell asleep.读着报纸，奶奶就睡着了。,4. 过去完成时(1)过去完成时的动作表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或已经存在的状态。句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导时间状语从句。By the end of last year，we had built five new houses.到去年年底，我们已建了五座新房子。I had learnt 5,000 words before I entered the university.我在上大学前就学了5,000个单词。,(2)过去完成时的动作还可表示在过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去
5、某个时间或继续持续下去。Before he slept，he had worked for 12 hours.他工作了12个小时才睡觉。(3)常用于下列情况This/It is the first/second timethat从句，that从句一般用现在完成时，如果把前边的is改为was，that从句用过去完成时。It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake.这是他第三次犯同样的错误。,intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等动词的过去完成时可用来表示一个本来打算做而
6、实际上没有做的事。这种用法也可表示过去未曾实现的设想或希望，含有某种惋惜之意。I had intended to call on you yesterday，but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.我昨天本来是要去看你的，但是刚要出门就有人来访。,I had meant to help you，but I was too busy at that moment.我本想去帮你的，但当时太忙了。I had thought you would come tomorrow.我原以为你明天才来呢。,Hardly/Scarcely
7、/Barely had.done.when.；No sooner had.done.than.。when和than从句用一般过去时，表示“刚刚就”。Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.我刚到家，大雨就倾盆而下。Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我们才刚刚动身，汽车的轮胎就漏气了。,B,B,课堂训练1.Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets _ o
8、ut. A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling2.If I hadnt been caught in the heavy rain, I could have been back by 7 oclock. What a pity! Stella _ here to see you.A. is B. was C. would be D. has been,C,C,B,3.Did you make a phone call to your stepmother? Certainly. Hardly _ the airport wh
9、en I phoned her.A. did I arrive at B. have I arrived at C. had I reached D. did I get to4. Is your father a Party member?Sure. He said it was 21 years since he _ the Party.A. joined B. has joined C. had joined D. joins5.It was not until he took up fishing that he _ to relax. A. had begun B. began C. has begun D. begins,高考链接(2012北京高考)George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he _.A. wouldntB. didntC. hasntD. hadnt【解析】选B。考查时态。句意:George说过他第二天要来学校看我, 但他没来。由句意可知, 此处是指发生在过去的动作, 应用一般过去时的助动词didnt; wouldnt是过去将来时的助动词; hasnt是现在完成时的助动词, 表示与现在有关的动作; hadnt是过去完成时的助动词, 表示“过去的过去”。,
