1、PETROLEUM,2022-7-3,Team members,2022-7-3,Originally the primary use of petroleum was as a lighting fuel.,The appearance of the automobile makes oil be a product in high demand.,World War I was the real catalyst for petroleum production.,2022-7-3,Although our autombiles and other forms of transport d
2、o consume the highest quan-tity of petroleum it is used for a vast array of applications.,Bitumen is used for paving road, forming the blacktop, it is also an excellent water repellent and is used in roofing.,2022-7-3,95% of the countrys total export75% of national income 45% of GDP,Chinas oil reser
3、ves of 6 billion tons,is the ninth largest in the world.,2022-7-3,China has rich oil reserves，but due to the development of the economy and the increase of private cars,the demand for oil is increasing. So it is with external dependency.,2022-7-3,World petroleum product consumption,The worlds consum
4、ption of petroleum products reached a record high of 88.9 million b/d in 2012, as declining consumption in North America and Europe was more than outpaced by growth in Asia and other regions.,Total Petroleum Consumption (Thousand Barrels Per Day),Asian consumption,by 4.4 million b/d the worlds large
5、st petroleum-consuming regionChina and India,European consumption,declined consecutively since 2006weak economic performance and government policies 780,000 b/d in 2009 and 570,000 b/d in 2012,US,higher oil pricesincreased fuel efficiency of light-duty vehiclesMotor gasoline consumption fell by 290,
6、000 in 2012,Alternatives to petroleum,Alternatives to petroleum-based vehicle fuelsAlternatives to using oil in industryAlternatives to burning petroleum for electricity,Oil Products,Oil products are any oil-based products which can be obtained by distillation and are normally used outside the refin
7、ing industry. The exceptions to this are those finished products which are classified as refinery feedstocks.,Solvent oilMotor gasolineAviation kerosene Kerosene Diesel oilLubricantsParaffin waxesBitumen,The flow of oil changing pattern of world political and economic, as long as none of the new fue
8、l to replace petroleum, petroleum international competition will not stop.,Petroleum and war,Oil resources affect a countrys economic development and national security，Look from the past 100 years, numerous armed conflicts and wars are caused by oil,petroleum,Middle East WarGulf WarIraq war,Oil War,
9、Time： 19481982A large-scale Arab-Israeli war in the Middle East regionsCause：Location Conflict for oil Lack of water Religious conflicts,Middle East War,Five sea： Arabian Sea, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Caspian SeaThree continents：Asia, Europe, Africa,Location,Location,Middle East is the
10、 worldslargestoil reserves andoilproducingregions,Conflict for oil,Conflict for oil,Conflict for oil,Middle East War,Time：August 2，1990- February 28，1991A regional war between the US-led multinational force composed of 34 countries and Iraq,Gulf War,Practical reasons Rulers factors,Gulf War,Cause,Af
11、ter the occupation of Kuwait Iraq will has 1/5 of the worlds oil reserves, by raising prices to repay the debt owed under the Iran-Iraq war,the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein, hoping occupation and annexation of Kuwait.,Time：March 20，2003- December 18，2011Cause: American suspicion that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction,Iraq war,Results: The U.S. achieved a decisive victory. Saddam Husseins regime in Iraq was overthrown. Saddam was executed.,Iraq war,From this we can see that the oil has a very important role, and oil is closely related to the world economy,
