1、【英语】初中英语语法填空汇编解题技巧及练习题及解析一、英语语法填空汇编1 下面短文,在空白 填入适当的内容(不多于3 个 )或括号内 的正确形式。Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 inOak Park,Illinois. Hemingways father_ ( teach) him early on how to hunt and fish, two activitiesHemingway loved throughout his life. Instead of _( go
2、) to college, Hemingway becamea reporter for the Kansas City Star.Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver _ the Italian army until he was wounded andshipped home, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years _, he moved to Paris,wherehe hoped toimprovehiswriting.There he became friendswithother_(
3、America ) writers, includingGertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald.Hemingway developed _ style of writing that was simple and direct. He chose wordssparingly( 省地) , avoided using adjectives, and trusted the reader to understand _(mean ) of his writing. As he put it, I always try _( write ) on the pr
4、inciple (原 )of the iceberg (冰山) . There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows. This style continues to influence Writers today. In his career (生涯) , which lasted some 40 years, Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the_ (
5、twenty ) century.For a while Emest Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, where he had nearly 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes (脚趾) , which a ships captain had given him. Today his Key Westhome is a museum, and many cats still live there.Some of them are _( child) ofHemingways six-toed ca
6、t. Hemingway was married four times and had three sons. He died in1961.【答案】 taught ; going;for ;later ; American ;a;meaning ; to write ; twentieth ; children 【解析】 【分析】本文介 了海明威及其写作 格。( 1)句意:海明威的父 很早就教他如何打 和 。描述 去用一般 去 ,teach 的 去式是taught ,故填 taught 。( 2)句意:海明威没有去上大学,而是成了堪 斯城明星 的 者。of 是介 其后是 名 ,故填going
7、。( 3)句意: 后来,在欧洲,他在意大利 当司机,直到他受 并被运回家,在那里他再次 写作。 work for ,固定搭配, 工作,故填 for。( 4)句意:四年后,他搬到巴黎,希望在那里提高写作水平。 段+later , 之后,故填 later 。( 5)句意:在那里,他和其他美国作家成了朋友。writers是名 其前是形容 做定 ,America 是名 ,American是形容 ,故填American。( 6)句意:海明威形成了一种 直接的写作 格。 ,故用不定冠 a 表示泛指,故填a。style是名 数,以 音音素开( 7)句意:他谨慎地选择词语,避免使用形容词,并相信读者能理解他作
8、品的意思。understand后是动名词做宾语,故填meaning。( 8)句意:我总是试图用冰山的原理写作。trytodo,固定搭配,尝试做某事,故填towrite。( 9)句意:他是20 世纪最优秀的作家之一。根据定冠词the可知,此处是序数词,twenty是基数词,twentieth是序数词, 故填twentieth。( 10)句意:其中一些是海明威六趾猫的孩子。根据 are,可知表语是名词复数,复数是 children, 故填 children 。【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,非谓语动词,词性,介词搭配等多种用法。child 的2阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要
9、时可加助动词或情态动词。People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thingsleeping. Every year, there is a dayfor people around the world to celebrate the _ (important ) of good and healthysleepWorld Sleep Day.Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleephelps the body and brain grow and develop.Peopl
10、e of different ages need different amountsof sleep. It is said that eighthours per night_ ( consider) the average amount ofsleep. For students aged 10to 17, a healthyamount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center _ ( report ) that abou
11、t four _ ( five ) of middle school students didnt get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep _ ( worry ) about their schoolwork and cant fall _ ( sleep) quickly. A lack(缺乏) of sleep can greatly affect (影响) a persons life. Students who dont get enough sleep may get p
12、oor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports._ ( solve) this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have _( little ) schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as _ ( take) a 20-minute nap (午睡) during the
13、 day, trying to goto sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also _(help ) . For example, try togo to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.【 答 案 】importance ; is considered ; reported ; fifths ; worrying/worried; asleep ; Tosolve; less; taking
14、;helpful【解析】 【分析】文章大意:本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文,讲述了睡眠与健康的关系,不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间,中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。( 1)句意:每年,世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性 世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠词 the ,可知此处应填入一个名词, important 是形容词 “重要的 ”,与其对应的名词是importance“重要 ”,故答案填importance 。( 2)句意:据说每晚8 小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知主语eighthours 与动词 consider 之间存在被动关系,所以应用被动语态,文章时态为一般现
15、在时,时间作主语谓语动词用单数,所以be 动词用is, consider 的过去分词是considered ,故答案填 is considered 。( 3)句意:然而,去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由last year 可知,动词时态用一般过去 ,report的 去式 reported ,故答案填reported 。( 4)句意:大 五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。 里考 分数的表达方法,在英 中一般用基数 表示分数的分子,用序数 表示分数的分母;当分子大于1 ,分母要用复数形式,所以五分之四的正确 写是four fifths,故答案填fifths 。( 5)句意: 于一些学生来 ,他 想早点睡 ,
16、但是他 是担心他 的学 。keepdoing sth.或者keep+形容 ,都表示“使 于某种状 ”, worried,是形容 ,故答案填worrying/worried。( 6)句意:他 不能很快入睡。 系上文 境, 合提示 可知此 句意 “他 不能很快入睡。 ”“入睡 ”fall asleep,固定 ,前面有情 cant ,所以 里用 原形,故答案填 asleep。( 7)句意: 了解决 。 里 用 不定式表示目的,故答案填To solve。( 8)句意:科学家建 学生 少做功 ,多睡 。根据后面的more time to sleep 可知此 表达的是“作更少的功 ”,句中暗含比 ,lit
17、tle 的比 less,故答案填less。( 9)句意:比如白天小睡20 分 。 such as 意思是 “比如 ”,as 是介 后接 ing 形式,故答案填taking 。( 10)句意:良好的睡眠 也很有帮助。前面有系 are,后接形容 作表 ,help “帮助 ”, ,与其 的形容 是helpful 有“帮助的、有益的”,故答案填helpful 。【点 】考 言 合运用能力,注意 的 , ,非 , 性, 搭配等多种用法。3 下面短文,在空白 填入一个适当的 ,或填入括号中所 的正确形式。Nowadays, with the development of Internet technolo
18、gy, two-dimensional code(二 )isvery popular among us. Its also _ ( call) quick response code ( QR code) . Its agroup of black square dots on a white background. This special code was invented _ aJapanese company in 1994. Its _ ( wide) used all over the world.QR code is used _ ( store ) information. I
19、t can also store pictures. It is easy to use aQR code. If you want to get the information, just take out your cellphone and scan( 描)thecode by a special app, and then you can get _ easily.Today, QR codcs are popular in China. There are QR codes on televisions and the Internet. The codes have been us
20、ed and printed on Chinese train tickets _ 2010. When a machine scans the code on the ticket, information of the ticket owner and the train _ ( appear ) on the screen in a few seconds.QR codes have many special uses. For example, in 2008, _ Japanese company plannedto put QR codes on gravestones (墓碑)
21、. By scanning the code, visitors could get information about the departed (去世的) person. Recently, special cards _ QR codes wereintroduced to old people in some cities in China. If they get _(lose) , people can knowabout their names, addresses and telephone numbers of their family members by scanning
22、 the codes.【答案】 called; by;widely ; to store ; it ; since; will appear ; a; with ; lost 【解析】 【分析】本文 述了二 的 用。( 1)句意:它也叫做快速响 。根据call与主 是被 关系,已有助 is,故此 是 去分 ,故填called。( 2)句意: 种特殊代 是1994 年一家日本公司 明的。根据was invented 是被 可知用介 by,被,故填by。( 3)句意:全世界都广泛地使用它。副 修 used, widely是副 ,故填widely 。( 4)句意: 二 用于 存信息。 be used
23、 to do,被用来做某事,故此 是不定式,故填 to store 。( 5)句意:那么你可以很容易地得到信息。 information是不可数名 ,故此 用it指代,做 ,故填it。( 6)句意:自从2010 年以来, 些代 已 被使用并印在中国火 票上。根据Thecodeshavebeenused可知 是 在完成 ,since+ 点2010,是 在完成 的 志,故填since。( 7)句意:当机器 描火 票上的代 ,几秒 后火 票所有者和火 的信息就会出 在屏幕上。when 引 的 状 从句, 是主将从 ,故此 的主句是将来 will+ 原形, 故填 will appear 。( 8)句意
24、:例如, 2008 年,一家日本公司 划在墓碑上 二 。Japanese 是名 数,用 音音素开 ,故用不定冠 a,表示泛指, 故填 a。( 9)句意:近年来,我国部分城市向老年人推出了二 用卡。此 缺少介 ,做后置定 ,根据special cards 和 QR codes可知是一种携 关系,with ,有 ,故填 with 。( 10)句意:如果他 迷路了,人 可以通 描密 知道他 的家庭成 的姓名、地址和 号 。 get lost ,迷路,固定搭配,故填 lost 。【点 】考 法填空,注意适当 整 性, 和介 等用法。4 下面短文,根据 境、音 或所 的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的
25、,要求所填的 意 准确,使短文意思完整、行文 。When I was in the middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher_( decide ) to teach us a very important lesson.She brought us up to the front of the _ kla:sru:mand placed him on one side of herdesk and_on the other. In the middle of her desk was a
26、large, round object. I could_( hard )see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. White,he_ a:nsa ( r) dI couldnt_b ?li?v he said the object was white, when it was clearly black! Anotherargument started between my classmate and me, this time about the_of the object.The teacher
27、 told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed_ (place) , and now she asked me what the color of the objectwas. I had to answer, White.It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint ( 角) it was_. Only from my side it
28、was black.I have always remembered the lesson I learned that day. Sometimes we need to look at theproblem from the other _(person) viewpointin order to trulyunderstand his/herview.【答案】decided ; classroom ; me; easily; answered ; believe ; color ; places; white ;persons【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了作者明白的认识道理,我们需要从别人
29、的角度来看待问题,以便真正理解他的观点。( 1)句意:老师决定给我们上一节很重要的课。根据When I was in the middle school可知时态是一般过去时, 故填decided 。( 2 )句意:她把我们带到教室前面根据,定冠词the后是名词,kla:sru:m是classroom,教室,是名词,故填classroom。( 3)句意:让他在桌子的一边,我在另一边,在她的桌子中间有一个很大的圆形物体。此处是 placed 的并列宾语,故用宾格,此处指代作者,故用第一人称单数,me,是代词,我,故填me。( 4)句意:我很容易看出它是黑色的。根据it was black可知这个结
30、果是很显然的,故此处是轻松地,副词修饰动词,hard ,是副词,困难地,easily ,是副词, 故填 easily。( 5)句意: “白色, ”他回答。描述过去用一般过去时, a:nsa ( r) danswered,是动词过去式 ,故填 answered。( 6)句意:我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的。根据,couldnt是情态动词,其后是动词原形, b ?li?v believe,是动词,相信,故填believe。( 7)句意:另一个争论开始于我和我的同学之间,这次是关于物体的颜色。根据上下文的白色和黑色可知,是谈论颜色,the 定冠词后是名词, color,是名词,故填 color 。(
31、 8)句意:我们换了地方。此处缺少宾语,故是名词,表示彼此的位置,是复数,place是名词,故填places。( 9)句意:这是一个两面颜色不同的物体,在他看来是白色的。系动词is 后是形容词,根据上文我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的,可知这个位置看是白色的,white ,是形容词,故填white 。( 10)句意:我一直记得那天的教训有时我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题,以便真正理解 他 / 她 的 观 点 。 viewpoint是 名 词 , person是 名 词 , 故 此 处 是 名 词 所 有 格, 故 填persons 。【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,词性,所有格,和所给单词
32、的读音等多种用法。5语法填空Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there was_oldman called Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to study. Sthiras friends_ ( wonder ) whether his son would return,_Sthira always said, Whatever happens, happens for good.One
33、 day the old mans son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He thanked the villagers and said_ ( polite ) ,Whatever happens, happens for good. However, later,Sthiras son broke his_ ( leg) . Once again the villagers came to visit him and once againthe old man thanked_ ( they ) and sa
34、id, Whatever happens, happens for good. Someof the villagers were surprised_( hear ) this. Why? What was good? His sons leg gotbadly hurt!After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men to_thearmy. When they found his son had a_( break) leg, they left him behind. Once aga
35、in,all the villagers came to congratulate him on his_( good) luck. Like always, the oldman was still thankful to them and said, Whatever happens, happens for good.【答案】an; wondered ;but ; politely ;leg; them ; to hear ; join ; broken ; good【解析】 【分析】文章大意:从前,在一个小村里,有一个泰斯拉的老人,不管发生了什么他都认为是好事。( 1)句意:在一个村庄
36、里有一个叫做泰斯拉的老人。man是单数,前面需要不定冠词,old是以元音音素开始的,因此使用an,故答案是an。( 2)句意:泰斯拉的朋友想知道他的朋友是否回来。根据句首的long long ago 可知句子为一般过去时,故答案是wondered 。( 3)句意:但是泰斯拉总是说“不管发生了什么,都是好事, ”朋友想知道他的儿子是否会回来,泰斯拉却说不管发生了什么都是好事,所以使用but 表示转折,故答案是but 。( 4 )句意:他感谢了村民们,然然后礼貌地说:“不管发生了什么,发生的都是好事。 ”polite修饰动词said,因此使用副词politely ,故答案是politely 。(
37、5)句意:然而,之后,太势力的儿子摔断了腿。摔断的不可能是两条腿,应该是一条腿,因此使用单数形式,故答案是leg。( 6)句意:村民在一次来看忘了他,他再一次感谢了他们。they 做 thank的宾语,应使用宾格人称代词,故答案是them 。( 7)句意:一些村名听到后感到很吃惊。听到是吃惊的原因,应使用动词不定式做状语,故答案是 to hear 。( 8)句意:几天之后,军队来到村里,强迫年轻人参军。根据thearmy 可知是强迫参军, force sb. to do sth. 固定搭配, to 已经给出,因此使用动词原形,故答案是join 。( 9)句意:当他们发现他的儿子有一条断腿的时候
38、,他们就把他留下了。break 修饰leg,因此使用过去分词,故答案是broken 。( 10)句意:村民再次来祝她好运。 good 修饰 luck,没有任何比较,所以使用原级,故答案是 good。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。6 阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。There are problems between teenagers and adults. Lack of_ ( comm
39、unicate ) is one of them. As for teenagers, it can often be quite difficult to talk to our parents. It seems ourparents are always telling us to study. We feel that our parents hardly understand us, so we tend to either talk to our friends_just keep quiet about our problems. We often fail_( see) tha
40、t our parents care about us. This is a shame because we can actually learn a lot from_ ( they ) experiences. We should not forget that our parents used to be teenagerstoo. They once_ ( face) many of the same problems and_( difficult ) .So tryto be _open-mindedtowards theiropinions. Remember thatour
41、parents just wantthe_ ( good) for us. Take the time to sit down and_ (real ) talk to them.They might provide you_some useful advice.【答案】 communication ; or ; to see; their ; faced; difficulties ; more ; best; really ; with 【解析】 【分析】本文介 了孩子与父母件怎么沟通太有效。( 1)句意:缺乏交流是 之一。句中 communicate 是 ,作介 of 的 ,要用名 形式, communication 交流,抽象名 ,故填 communication 。( 2)句意:是我 要么和朋友交 ,要么就 我 的 保持沉默,either or要么 要么 ,固定搭配,故填or 。( 3)句意:我 是看不到父母 我 的关心。fail to do sth ,不能成功地做某事,故此 是不定式,故填 to see。( 4)句意: 很 憾,因 我 事 上可以从他 的 中学到很多 西。修 名 experiences,要用形容 性物主代 their , they 是主格,故填their 。( 5)句意:他 曾 也遇到 相同的 和困 。描述 去要用一