1、中考英语定语从句答题技巧及练习题( 含答案 )一、定语从句1 What did you do in today s history class? We talked about the characters _ achieve fame in our Chinese history.A whenB whatC whereD who【答案】 D【解析】D试题分析:句意:你们在今天的历史课上做了什么?我们谈论了在我们的中国历史上有名望的人物。此句考查定语从句,先行词characters 指人,故关联词用who, 在从句中作主语,答案为D。考点:考查定语从句的关联词。2Success will be
2、long to thosenever say“ impossible”.A whomB whatC whoD Which【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:成功属于那些永远不说不可能的人。此处考的是定语从句,先行词是those那些人,而且关系代词在句中做主语,所以用who,选C; whom可指代人,但做宾语; which只能指物,故选C。考点:考查定语从句。3Is that all? Yes. That s all _ I want to take.A whichB thatC whoD whose【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:-就这些?-是的。这就是我所想要的。which哪一个;that那
3、; who谁;whose 谁的。先行词all 在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词【考点定位】考查关系代词。that代替。所以选B。4Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house _ he was born in.A whichB whereC whatD it【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:昨天,格林先生去了他的家乡并且参观了他出生时的那所旧房子。_he was born in 是定语从句,修饰house。先行词是house,关系代词词用关系副词 where 相当于 in which 。根据从句中缺少宾语
4、,故选A。that或者which ,考点:考查定语从句的用法。Bwho D whom5Mr.Brown is a teacheris strict with all is students.A whichB whoC where【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意 “布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为故选 B。B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,C.【点睛】做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从
5、句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。6Yesterday Li Ming went to the village _ his family lived ten years ago.A whenB whichC whereD that【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意:昨天李明去了他家十年前住的村子。定语从句修饰的先行词是定语从句中作状语,故 where 符合题意。答案为 C。the village ,关系词在7Most students like the teachersunderstand them well.A whichB whoC whereD when【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:
6、绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析:考查定语从句的用法,先行词是the teacher, 先行词在从句中作主语,因此引导词用who.故选 B考点:考查定语从句的用法。8Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place _ well visit next week.A thatC where 【答案】 A【解析】试题分析:句意:阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句考查定语从句,先行词是 place,从句意来看,其在定语从句中作visit 的宾语,指事物,因此关系词用that 。故选 A。考点:考查定语从句。9- Class, you
7、should be thankful to those people _ helped and supported you.- We will. Miss Chen. A whichB whom C whoD whose【答案】 C【解析】句意: 同学们,你们应该感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。陈小姐,我们会的。 which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语、宾语和表语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语或宾语。whose引导定语从句,修饰人或物,作定语;此处修饰先行词people ,表示人,作定语从句的主语,故用who 。故选 C。10 The mov
8、ie _ we saw last night was fantastic.A thatB whatC whoseD Who【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意:我们昨晚看的那场电影好极了。考查定语从句引导词。本句定句从句的先行词The movie是物,并且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,可知使用关系代词that或 which ;故选A。11 “ Underground” is the only word in the English language _ begins and ends with theletters“ und ”.A whatB thatC whoD whom【答案】 B【解析】【分
9、析】【详解】试题分析:句意:在英语中“underground ”唯一一个开头和结尾都用字母组合是“und”的单词。此处先行词word 有不定代词the only 来修饰,故用关系代词that 来引导。 故选 B。12 The cat _ played with you just now is _.A which; I B what; me C that; mine D who; my【答案】 C【解析】试题分析:句意:刚才和你玩的猫是我的。The cat 后跟的是定语从句,先行词the cat 指事物,关系词用that 或 which ;后空意思是“我的 ”,未修饰名词,用名词性的物主代词:m
10、ine 。故选 C。考点:考查定语从句及代词的用法。13 The number of people_were killed in the accident_been announced yet.A that; haven【答案】 BtB who; hasntC which; hasntD who; havent【解析】试题分析:句意:在事故中死亡的人的数量还没有被公布。第一空后_were killed in theaccident是定语从句,先行词是people ,指人的所以可以用that或who ,第二空缺少的是谓语动词,句子的主语是The number单数,所以谓语动词也用单数形式,故选B
11、。考点:考查定语从句及主谓一致的用法。14 That was his first invention. It was a machine _ clothes.A that used to wash Bwhich was used to washing C which got used to washing D that was used to wash 【答案】 D【解析】【详解】句意:那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth.“被用于做某事”的用法,而不是be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做“某事”的用法,排除B/C;
12、再由 That was his first invention. 可知,本题是过去时,因此在that 引导的定语从句中,应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash 被用来洗衣服,语境是:那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。15 Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to .A thatB whoseC whereD How【答案】 A【解析】试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌,她们能跟着跳广场舞。A. that 那个; B.Whose 谁的;
13、 C. Where 在哪; D. How 怎样;这里是that 引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用关系词 that 。根据题意。故选A。考点:考查定语从句16 Yu Guangzhong is a famous writer and poet_ wrote the well-known poemNostalgia(乡愁)and passed away on December 14th , 2017.A whoB whichC whatD whose【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意:余光中是一位著名的作家和诗人,曾写过著名的乡愁,于2017 年 12 月 14 日去世。考查定语从句。A. who 谁
14、; B. which 哪一个; C. what 什么; D. whose 谁的;由题干可知本题考查定语从句,先行词指的是人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who 来引导;故答案选 A。17 The young lady _ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.A whatB whoseC whoD which【答案】 C【解析】句意:昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句,先行词是The young lady,这里关系词用who ,在定语从句中做宾语,根据题意,故选C。18 Martian Brother is the ni
15、ckname for a boy called Hua Chenyu_won the 2013 SupeiBoy.A whoC whose【答案】 A【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词是BwhichD whata boy,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故who符合题意。19 Jack, where do you work? I work for a companysells computers.A whichB whereC whatD who【答案】 A【解析】试题分析:句意:杰克,你在哪儿工作?我在一家卖电脑的公司。which引导的定语从句,指物,在从句中可以作主语、宾语等;where引导表示
16、地点的定语从句; What不可以引导定语从句。它只可以引导名词性从句;who引导的定语从句用来修饰人。故选A。20 Do you like playing basketball?No, I dont.The only ball game_ I like is pingpong.A whichB thatC what【答案】 BD why【解析】句意: 你喜欢打篮球吗?不,我不喜欢。我喜欢的唯一球类比赛是乒乓球。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语。先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰时,用that 引导定语从句。what 引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;why 引导定语从句,修饰表示原因的
17、先行词。此处的先行词有不定代词the only 修饰,故后面的定语从句用that 引导,故选 B。21 Fewer and fewer people spend time reading. There were only 49% of adults in the US_ visited a public library last year.A whoB whereC whenD which【答案】 A【解析】句意:越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修饰名词 adults ,作定语从句的主语,故用关系代词who,故选 A。22 Can I help you,
18、 sir?I want a new bookwas written by Cao Wenxuan.A whatB whereC whichD who【答案】 C【解析】句意: -先生,需要帮忙吗?-我想要一本曹文萱写的新书。本题考察定语从句,先行词anew book 表示物,引导词为that 或 which ,所以答案为C。23 Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places _ you have never visited.A whereB whichC whatD who【答案】 B【解析】句意:读书是一件好事,它能把你带到一
19、个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句,先行词是places;定语从句中缺少句子的宾语,where 在定语从句中作状语,故排除A; what 不能引导定语从句;who 引导定语从句的时,先行词是人的。Which 在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语,先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。24 The young man _ is a friend of mine.A who I had a talkB whom I had a talk withC whom I had a talkD which I had a talk with【答案】 B【解析】句意:和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语ha
20、ve a talk with sb 和某人交谈;空格处是定语从句,先行词man 是指人的,关系词在定语从句中作介词with 的宾语,故选B。25 The first thing_ I did on Mother s Day was to make breakfast for her.A whoB whereC whoseD that【答案】 D【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The firstthing ,谓语动词是 was,to make breakfast for her 是表语。 I did on Mother作sDay定语修饰前面的 the
21、first thing, 定语从句中缺少 did 的宾语,先行词the first thing 是指事情, who 指人的,故排除 A; where 在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose 在定语从句中作定语,故排除 C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that ,故选 D。点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。26 It is hard to imagine a student _doesnt know how to skate in Harbin.A whom
22、B whichC whatD who【答案】D【解析】句意:很难想象一个在哈尔滨不知道怎么滑冰的学生。定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择,首先确定先行词,其次看先行词在定语从句中作的句子成分。此句先行词a student为人,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词who. 故答案为D.点睛:定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择,首先判断先行词在定语从句作的句子成分。然后看先行词为人还是物。其次根据先行词在定语从句中作的句子成分选择适当的关系代词与关系副词。如此句中此句先行词a student 为人,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词 who.27 Confucius was a great thinke
23、rhad many wise ideas about human nature.A whoB whichC /【答案】 A【解析】句意:孔子是一位伟大的思想家,他对人性有很多明智的想法。考查定语从句。先行词是人时,which 用于先行词是物时。先行词thinker (思想家)是人,需用导,引导词做从句的主语,不可省略;根据句意语境,可知选A。who who用于引28 The photos successfully show the rich culture _makes Shiyan so famous.A whatB whichC whoD why【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:这些照片成功
24、地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。的连接词; B. which 先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;A. what 不能作为定语从句C. who 先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;D. why 引导定语从句时,在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture ,指物,引导定语从句的关联词只能用which ,故答案为B。【点睛】在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he
25、the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?( who/that 在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that 在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which 互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主
26、语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于介词 + which 结构,因此常常和介词 + which 结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where ( in which ) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。29 (题文) Do you know about Yuan Longping?Only a little. But Chinese people are proud of the man _ hybrid riceis famous.A whoB whichC t
27、hatDwhose【答案】 D【解析】试题分析:句意为:-你了解袁隆平吗?-一点点。但是中国人以这位他的杂交水稻闻名于世的人感到自豪。根据语境可知,这里包含一个定语从句,从句的引导词根据先行词而定。 who :指人, which :指物,that :可指人或物,whose :指物主。根据语境可知,这里指物主,故应选D。考点:考查定语从句。30 I d like to tell you theablet manners _ you should know when you visit South Koreathis summer holiday.A whatB whoC whichD why【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问韩国时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。what什么;Which哪一个;who谁; why为什么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词which代替。所以选C。考点:考查定语从句的连接词。