1、精品自学考 料推荐全国 2018 年 4 月自学考试 英语国家概况试题课程代码： 00522I.Read the followingunfinished statementsor questions carefully. For each unfinished statement orquestion, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think bestcompletes the statement or answers the question. Write the
2、 letter of the answer you have chosen in thecorresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)1.Strictly speaking,“ the British Isles_”. refers to_A. Great BritainB. IrelandC. the United KingdomD. Great Britain and Ireland2.Which of the following kings was responsible for the com
3、plete establishment of the feudal system in England?A. Edward IB. Henry IIC. Alfred the GreatD. William the Conqueror3.The spirit of the Great Charter was _.A. a limitation of the powers of the kingB. a guarantee of the freedom of the serfsC. a limitation of the powers of the ChurchD. a declaration
4、of equality among all people4. Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death? A. Much land was left untended.B. There was a terrible shortage of labour.C. The surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining. D. Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming.5
5、. The War of Roses that took place from 1455 to 1485 was fought between _.A. Britain and FranceB. the Parliament and the CrownC. the working people and the aristocratsD. two branches of the Plantagenet family6. The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in th
6、e so-called _.A. Romantic poetryB. Romantic fictionC. Elizabethan poetryD. Elizabethan drama7. British constitutional monarchy is a system under which the powers of the _ are limited by Parliament or the constitution.A. churchB. king or queenC. government ministersD. Bishop s court8. The Tories in B
7、ritain were the forerunners of _, which still bears this nickname today.1精品自学考 料推荐A. the Labor PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Conservative PartyD. the Social Democratic Party9. Which of the following was NOT included in the six-point demand of the Chartist Movement?A. Equal electoral districtsB. Vo
8、ting by secret ballotC. The vote for all adult malesD. The vote for all adult females10. During the First World War, Britain was allied with _.A. TurkeyB. the Central PowersC. France and RussiaD. Germany and Austria-Hungary11. Who was the man that led Britain in the crisis of the Second World War?A.
9、 George VIB. Theodore RooseveltC. Neville ChamberlainD. Sir Winston Churchill12. The new policies adopted by Mrs. Thatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as _.A. ThatcherismB. the New DealC. New FrontierD. Keynesianism13. Over the past one thousand years, the British _
10、 has been broken only once between 1649 and 1660.A. CabinetB. ParliamentC. MonarchyD. Privy Council14. Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain?A. The QueenB. The ParliamentC. The House of LordsD. The Church of England15. In Britain, a full meeting of _ is called only when a Sovere
11、ign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.A. the Privy CouncilB. the ParliamentC. the House of CommonsD. the House of Lords16. Which of the following is NOT involved in the British judicial responsibilities?A. Attorney GeneralB. Ministry of JusticeC. The Lord ChancellorD. The Home Secretar
12、y17. Bank holidays in Britain refer to _.A. official public holidaysB. holidays for the banks onlyC. public holidays except for the banksD. holidays for the financial institutions only18. Which statement about the British universities is NOT true? A. They enjoy academic freedom.2精品自学考 料推荐B. They can
13、not appoint their own staff.C. They are governed by royal charters.D. They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.19. _, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19 th century.A. BasketballB. TennisC. Foo
14、tballD. Baseball20. London s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _.A. the Prime MinisterB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Home SecretaryD. the Attorney General21. Which statement about the Puritans is NOT true? A. The Puritans did not allow religious dissent.B. The Puritans were po
15、or artisans and unskilled peasants.C. They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England.D. They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church.22. The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S. is the _, which accounts over 12.1% of the population.A. bl
16、acksB. AsiansC. IndiansD. Hispanics23. The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are _. A. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John JayB. George Washington, James Madison and John Jay C. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay D. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John
17、Adams24. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called_.A. the Southern States of AmericaB. the Federalist States of AmericaC. the Confederate States of AmericaD. the Anti-confederate States of America25. With the development of industry an
18、d extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A.,there appeared _.A. a rapid growth of citiesB. an influx of foreign goodsC. an increase of urban ghettosD. a great increase in the number of farms26. In the early 19th century, _ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop m
19、onopolistic business mergers in the United States.3精品自学考 料推荐A. J.P. MorganB. Woodrow WilsonC. Henry RockefellerD. Theodore Roosevelt27. The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American _.A. religious intoleranceB. intolerant nationalismC. Progressive MovementD. deregulation of big tr
20、usts28. In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist, but the _ suddenly changed the wholesituation, which propelled the U.S. into the Second World War.A. Pearl Harbor attackB. bombing of Guam islandC. seizing of American merchant shipsD. sinking of American passenger ships29. In
21、 1962, President _ finally decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from entering Cuba and demanded Soviet removal of the missiles there.A. NixonB. TrumanC. JohnsonD. Kennedy30. In 1853, in the _, another 30,000 square miles of Mexican land were added to the territory
22、of the U.S.A.A. Atlantic PurchaseB. Mexican PurchaseC. Gadsden PurchaseD. Louisiana Purchase31. The four problems that face the economy of the United States are_. A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficitB. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit C. mortgage
23、 losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficitD. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit32. Which statement about the U.S. Constitution is NOT true?A. It is the supreme law of the land.B. It is the oldest written constitution in the world.C. It was adopted in 1781
24、 at the Second Continental Congress.D. It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress.33. The American President usually takes an oath of office, administered by the _ of the United States in January.A. Chief JusticeB. House SpeakerC. Secretary of StateD. Senate M
25、ajority Leader34. The U.S. Constitution provides that the _ shall be President of the Senate.A. Vice PresidentB. Secretary of StateC. Senate Majority LeaderD. Senate Minority Leader4精品自学考 料推荐35. Which one of the following is NOT government-run at the U.S. federal level?A. Motor vehicleB. The road sy
26、stemC. National defenseD. The postal service36. It is generally agreed that U.S. higher education began with the_.A. Civil WarB. Independence WarC. founding of Harvard CollegeD. founding of Princeton University37. Formal education in the United States consists of _. A. kindergarten, junior and senio
27、r educationB. junior, elementary and secondary education C. elementary, secondary and higher education D. kindergarten, secondary and higher education38. In his Old Man and the Sea , Ernest Hemingway _. A. expresses the idea of facing defeat courageouslyB. shows the basic goodness and wisdom of ordi
28、nary peopleC. praises the ideas of equality and democracy and the joy of common people D. describes the sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York39. In the early part of the 19 th century, _ was the center of American writing.A. BostonB. DetroitC. New York CityD. Philadelphia40. T
29、he most important patriotic holiday in the U.S. is _.A. HalloweenB. Veterans DayC. Thanksgiving DayD. Independence Day41. The capital city of Ireland is _.A. CorkB. DublinC. GalwayD. Waterford42. Historically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its _.A. racial unityB. racial homoge
30、neityC. multi-culturalismD. high rate of emigration43. Ireland has the following demographic features EXCEPT _. A. a late marriage ageB. an excess of females in the populationC. a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages D. a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration5精品自学考 料推
31、荐44. Which of the following is a typical bilingual city in Canada?A. OttawaB. CalgaryC. TorontoD. Vancouver45. Which of the following statements about immigration in Canada is NOT true? A. It is estimated that one-third of Canadians were born in other countries.B. Immigration has always been an impo
32、rtant source of its population growth.C. Immigration has played an important role in the development of its economy.D. in the past Britain and Western Europe were the principal sources of Canadian immigration.46. In terms of land area, Canada is the _ largest country in the world.A. secondB. thirdC.
33、 fourthD. fifth47. The head of state of Australia is _.A. the GovernorB. the PresidentC. the Prime MinisterD. the Queen of England48. _ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million.A. PerthB. SydneyC. BrisbaneD. Melbourne49. A _, where two parts of the ear
34、th s crust meet, runs the length of New Zealand.A. fault lineB. built areaC. dormant volcanoD. geothermal area50. The Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 was an agreement between _. A. the Maori whalers and the British CrownB. the Maori people and the British missionaries C. the Maori traders and the British
35、 missionariesD. the chiefs of the Maori people and the British CrownII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)51. What are the main functions of the British Parliament?52. What we
36、re the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years?53. What was the outcome of the English Civil War?54. What are the three main Christian festivals in the U.K.?55. What were the three cornerstones of American postwar economic boom?56. What was the most i
37、mportant document produced between China and the United States when President Nixon6精品自学考 料推荐visited China in 1972?57. What is the most central function of the U.S. Congress?58. What are the two major parties that dominate American politics at the federal, state and local levels?59. What are the two
38、 official languages used in Ireland?60. Who are the native people living in Australia?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)61. Open University62. The Speaker (of the House of Commons in Britain)63. Muckrakers64. The stock market crash of 19297
