1、阅读理解技巧,阅读理解 是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考试的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的加工能力。 阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解力的正确率。 因此，阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。多分析题型，多了解考点，真正做到有的放矢，提高命中率。,主旨大意型,事实细节型,词 义 猜 测 型,命 题 类,推 理 判 断 型,观 点 态 度 型,一:主旨大意题,1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 2)Which of the following can summar-ize the main idea of this tex
2、t?3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?6)Whats the best title for this passage?,主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:,Sample 1Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others li
3、ke a democratic discussion type of class. No teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.,主题句出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证, 最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。,Sample 2 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had st
4、eak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti意大利式面条, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a
5、soft drink.,（2）主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。,二：事实细节型,1）Which of the following statement is true?2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?3）The author ( or the passage) states that_.4）According to the passage, when ( where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)_
6、?,在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：,大体可分为直接理解题和语义转换题，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。,提问的特殊疑问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。,事实细节型,提问方式灵活多样，涉及文章当中的各种细节，如时间，地点，原因，方式等。,Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents home in Missouri for Christmas. I sto
7、pped at a gas station (加油站) about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.60. The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City_. A. to visit a friend
8、 B. to see his parents C. to pay or the cash register D. to have more gas for his car,Passage1,Passage2 The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usu
9、ally measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows,Q1) _ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35to 90. A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275
10、,Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does. B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does. C. An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a
11、woman feeding a baby does. D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.,【解析】答案为 D 。 根据文章细节内容，计算公式为： (90-35)51=275【解析】答案为 C 。 根据文章图表，依次验证A、B、C、D 四个答案的内容是否正确。很易找出 C 符合图表内容。,文章,三：词义猜测型,常见的设问形式：1) The underlined word in the paragraph refers to /means _.2) What
12、 does “_” in paragraph stand for /mean?3) “_” could best be replaced by which of the following?4) The expression /phrase “_” means _.5) The word “_” is closest in meaning to _.,How to guess the meaning of words?,1. Unlike his brother, who is truly a handsome man, John is quite homely “homely” means
13、“ ”.,ugly,（反义词、同义词）,反义词常见信号词：however, but,while,whereas, unlike, otherwise等；同义词常见信号词：or, namely, that is, that is to say,等。,Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “illiterate” A. repeat B. reiterated C. uneducated D. sick Passage3: Most women in Ghana the educated and
14、 illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in order to maintain their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(应得的，值得的).,第四节,解 释,这段文字中讲到加纳这个国家中 的大多数妇女，受过教育的 （educated）和没有受
15、过教育的 （illiterate）；住在城市的 （urban）和住在农村的（rural），年轻的（young）和年长的（old）正好是一对对反义词。因此选 C 项。,本题答案选C,2. Everyone agreed that the woman in the photo was gorgeous It was easy to see why she had won the beauty contest比赛 “gorgeous” means3.Today was a very hectic day for meI woke up late， hurried to the office work
16、ed until four，went to the store cooked dinner and washed clothes I did so many things that I was certainly very tired “hectic” means “ ”.,beautiful,（根据上下文）,（根据常识）,busy,四：推理判断型,高考重头戏，20个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。,正确选项一般不是文中的原句,推理判断型,领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。,推理判断题（做题要领）,既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生
17、对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。,推理判断型常见的命题方式有： The passage implies (暗示) that_. We can conclude (得出结论) from the passage that_.Which of the following can be inferred (推论)?What is the tone (语气) of the author ?What is the purpose (目的) of this passage?The passage is intended to _.Wher
18、e would this passage most probably appear?,“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing “says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call .Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners .We know very little about thes
19、e new diseases .A new bug（病毒）may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful（有害的）.Monkey-pox doesnt look a major infectious disease. But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.,1 (09全国),67. The text suggests that in the future we .A. should stop buying pets fr
20、om AmericaB. may easily get infected by diseases from dogsC. should not be allowed to have petsD. may have to fight against more new diseases,(absolute),(absolute),(wrong),五：观点态度型,既考查学生对字面意思的理解，也考查学生对作者写作目的、态度、观点等的理解。理解作者的观点和态度题主要形式:1.The authors view is 2.The text discusses men and women 50,000 years from now in order to show that 3. How does the author feel about.? 4. What is the authors attitude towards ? 常见表达态度的词语：Opposite optimistic objective pessimistic相反的 乐观的 客观的 悲观的,Thanks for your listening!,
