1、LEAP: Reading and WritingGuide to Referencing SourcesHere are some basic citation formats with examples of how to reference source material according to APA style. Your sources should be listed in alphabetical order, according to the authors last names.referencing a bookLast name, First Initial., &
2、Last name, First Initial. (Year).Book title: Subtitle.(Edition) if other than the 1st. Place: Publisher.Davis-Floyd, R., & St. John, G. (1998). From doctor to healer: The transformative journey. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.referencing a chapter in a book with an editorEssay Authors L
3、ast name, First Initial. (Year). Essay title. In Editors First Initial. Last Name (Ed.),Book title(pp. #). Place: Publisher.Tauber, A.I. (1995). From the self to the other: Building a philosophy of medicine. In M.A. Grodin (Ed.), Meta medical ethics: The philosophical foundations of bioethics (pp. 1
4、5895). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.referencing an academic journal or a magazine without a digital object identifier (doi)Last name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Article title.Journal/Magazine Title. Volume/Issue number, page numbers inclusive: the page numbers of the entire article.Enge
5、l, G.L. (1977, April 8). The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science, 196, 129136.referencing an academic journal with a digital object identifier (doi)Last name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Article title.Journal/Magazine Title. Volume/Issue number, page numbers. doi
6、 Ernst, E., & Posadzki, P. (2011, December 15). Complementary and alternative medicine for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: An overview of systematic reviews. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 15(6), 431437. doi: 10.1007/s11916-011-0227-x referencing a newspaperAuthors Last Name, First Init
7、ial. (Year, Month Day). Article title. Newspaper Title, page numbers. Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, pp. A1, A4.referencing a newspaper consulted onlineAuthors Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Article title. Newspaper Titl
8、e. Retrieved from URLof articles homepagePicard, A. (2011, October 31). We need a health care plan for boomers now. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http:/referencing a conversationPersonal conversations, e-mails and other direct messages are not included in your references. Instead, identify them
9、 with in-text citations, set in parentheses. (First Initial. Last name, personal communication, Month Day, Year)Dr. Jenner explained the importance of vaccines (E. Jenner, personal communication, November 3, 2002).referencing a speech or lectureAuthors Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Sp
10、eech title. Speech presented at Location of Speech. City, Province/State.Note: This is for speeches or lectures you attended; for speeches you have heard or read about elsewhere, reference the source. Hagen, S. (2011, September 29). Decoding skills. Speech presented at Amazing Minds. Whistler, BC.re
11、ferencing an audio podcastProducers Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Podcast title. Hosting series title Audio podcast. Retrieved from URL of podcasts homepageNote: Some of this information may not be available, but provide as much of it as possible. OReilly, T. (2011, March 12). Burn th
12、e boats: Brands that risked and won. The age of persuasion Audio podcast. Retrieved from http:/www.cbc.ca/ageofpersuasion/episode/2011/03/12/season-five-burn-the-boats-brands-that-risked-and-won/referencing a video podcast Authors Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Video title. Hosting ser
13、ies title Video podcast. Retrieved from URL of podcasts homepageNote: Some of this information may not be available, but provide as much of it as possible.Beatty, K. (n.d.) Seven ways not to learn Chinese: Language learning introspection Video podcast. Retrieved from http:/ watch?v=QO7gw5ELmSsrefere
14、ncing an online graphic, chart, table or mapOrganization Name. (Year, Month Day). Graphic title. Retrieved from URL of graphics homepageNote: If no title is available, then include a short description in square brackets.Worldmapper. (n.d.) Vaccine preventable deaths: Map no. 380. Retrieved from http
15、:/www.worldmapper.org/display_extra.php?selected=380 referencing online lecture notes/materials Authors Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Presentation title format of presentation materials. Retrieved from URL of articles homepageLeighton, J. P. (2007, November 22). Cultivating a flexible
16、 mind: Can you learn how to learn for life? PDF document. Retrieved from http:/www.ccl-cca.ca/ccl/Events/ Minerva/ astLectures/PastLecturesLeighton.htmlreferencing a motion pictureProducers Last Name, First Initial. (Producer), & Directors Last Name, First Initial. (Director). (Year). Title of motio
17、n picture Motion picture. Country of Origin: Studio or Distributor. Bender, L., Burns, S.Z., David, L. (Producers), & Guggenheim, D. (Director). (2006). An inconvenient truth. Motion picture. USA: Lawrence Bender Productions & Participant Productions.referencing a television broadcastProducers Last
18、Name, First Initial. (Producer). (Year, Month Day). Name of program Television broadcast. City: Broadcaster.Culbert, B. (Producer). (2012, January 19). Surviving the teenage brain Television broadcast. Toronto: CBC.referencing a radio broadcastProducers Last Name, First Initial. (Producer). (Year, M
19、onth Day). Name of program Radio broadcast. City: Broadcaster.Handman, J., Lebans, J., & Crawley, M. (Producers). (2007, September 7). Quirks and quarks: The world without us Radio broadcast. Toronto: CBC Radio One. LEAP: Reading and Writing 3 Guide to Referencing SourcesCompanion Website PlusStudent Section ERPI. Reproduction authorized solely for use with LEAP: Reading and Writing
