1、The originalFunctions and principles of trainingThe role of training and development Employee training, as the ability to directly raise the level of managers and staff skills, providing new ideas, knowledge, information, skills, competence and professional growth of employees, the fundamental spiri
2、t of innovation and an excellent way to approach is the most important human resources development, investment in physical capital than the more important investment in human capital. With Chinas accession to the WTO and the world economic integration, business has never been as great importance to
3、training. In this paper, some personal views on the training to the training of innovative enterprises. 1. Training - business to take off Effective training, in fact, is to enhance the competitiveness of our business process. In fact, the effect of training does not depend on the individual trainee
4、s, but the contrary, the business organization as a state of organisms, plays a crucial role. Good-to-business benefits of training four points: (1), training to improve staff-to-business sense of responsibility sense of belonging and ownership. On businesses of employee training more fully, more at
5、tractive to employees, human resources can play a more high-value-added, so as to create more effective business. Data showed that Pepsi-Cola Company of Shenzhens 270 employees 100 to conduct a survey, almost all of these people participated in the training. Of which 80% of the staff for their work
6、expressed their satisfaction with 87% of employees are willing to remain in the company. Training not only improved the skills of workers and trade unions to raise awareness of their own values, goals for a better understanding. (2), training to promote the business and employees, management and sta
7、ff level of two-way communication, enhance cohesion and cohesiveness, excellent shape corporate culture. Many enterprises have taken training and commissioned their own training methods. Training to do so easily into the corporate culture, because culture is the soul, it is a core value for all empl
8、oyees of the education enterprise micro-cultural system. Enterprise management and staff agree that corporate culture will not only take the initiative to study scientific and technological knowledge and skills to master, but also would enhance a sense of ownership, quality awareness, sense of innov
9、ation. So as to nurture their professionalism, innovation and social responsibility to develop all levels of scientific and technological knowledge self-consciously to create a favorable atmosphere for the invention, enterprise IT professionals will grow, enterprise technology development capacity w
10、ill be increased. More papers in business management “Maoshan under the“ Find. (3), training can improve the overall quality of employees, increase productivity and service levels, establish a good image of enterprises, and enhance the profitability of the business. U.S. authorities monitoring, trai
11、ning return on investment of around 33% generally. The United States in the analysis of large-scale manufacturing companies, the company obtained from the training rate of return of up to about 20% -30%. Motorola annually to all employees with at least 40 hours of training. Survey: 1 U.S. dollars pe
12、r Motorola training fees can be in 3 years to achieve the production efficiency of 40 U.S. dollars. Motorola believes that the quality of good corporate employees have been through technical innovation and economical operation of the company has created four billion U.S. dollars of wealth. Training
13、Motorolas huge investment in training revenue shows the importance of the enterprise. (4), to adapt to market changes, enhance the competitive edge of the reserve forces training enterprises, enterprises operating Yong-Ji vitality. To put it bluntly the competitiveness of enterprises is a competitio
14、n of talents. Growing wise entrepreneurs realize that training can not be ignored is the development of the “people investment“ is to enhance the “hematopoietic“ a fundamental way. A study by the United States show that technological innovation is the best investment ratio 5:5, that is, “people inve
15、stment“ and 50% of hardware investment. People-oriented soft-technology investments, the role of the machinery and equipment investment in the hardware technology, doubled the effectiveness of output. Equipment in the same conditions, the increase in “people“ to invest up to 1 vote in the middle of
16、the input-output ratio of 8. Promote technological innovation in developed countries not only pay attention to the introduction of machinery and equipment upgrading of the hardware inputs and so on, and pay more attention to improve peoples quality as a major objective in the soft technology. Facts
17、have proved that talent is the primary resource, with first-rate talent, we can develop a first-class products, to create first-class performance, enterprises can be competitive in the market in an invincible position.The principles of training and development In order to ensure the direction of tra
18、ining and development will not deviate from the target organizations some may be obvious after a number of years in order to receive the results, especially for training managers. Therefore, many companies see training as an input but not output to “lose money“ transactions, the current emphasis is
19、often placed on the interests of the arrangements, “No admittance except on business“ to attend training, and in genuine need of trained personnel due to the heavy task and can not leave. The results on the knowledge there will not use or do not have the “training of specialized households“ to make
20、the training a real input into not only the output of the “loss“ transactions. So & business strategy must establish the concept of & in accordance with the objectives and strategies for enterprise development the development of training plans, training and development and business in close connecti
21、on with the long-term development. 2. Theory with practice and apply what they have learned the principles of Staff training should be targeted clear, from the practical & the needs of closely integrated with the job characteristics, and training targeted at their age, knowledge structure, the capac
22、ity of the structure, thinking the situation closely with the aim of training staff with the necessary skills to to complete the work, and ultimately to increase the economic benefits of services. Only in this way in order to receive effective training in order to improve efficiency. 3. Knowledge an
23、d skills training and corporate culture principle of training The content of training and development, in addition to cultural knowledge, expertise, professional skills training should include the ideals, beliefs, values, moral values, such as the contents of such training. While the latter also wit
24、h business goals, corporate culture, enterprise system, enterprises such as the fine tradition of combining so that employees in all respects to comply with the requirements of enterprises. 4. Full training and focus on the principle of combining Full training is planned, step-by-step on-the-job tra
25、ining of all staff, which is to improve the quality of the only way for all staff. In order to improve the rate of return on investment of training, training must focus on enterprises that have a significant impact on the rise and fall of management and technical backbone, especially in senior manag
26、ement, is also promising the echelon personnel, should be training in a planned way and development. 5. The effect of feedback training and strengthening the principles of The effect of feedback and training is indispensable to strengthen the important link. Training effect of feedback refers to the
27、 training staff after the inspection, its role is to consolidate the skills of their staff in the use, in time to correct errors and deviations feedback more timely, accurate & training the better. Refers to as a result of enhanced feedback and training personnel on the incentives or penalties. Its
28、purpose is to reward the one hand, to receive training and obtain the performance of staff, on the other hand, is to strengthen the training of other staff awareness training has been further enhanced the effect.译文：培训的作用与原则员工培训的作用企业员工培训，作为直接提高经营管理者能力水平和员工技能，为企业提供新的工作思路、知识、信息、技能，增长员工才干和敬业、创新精神的根本途径和极
29、好方式，是最为重要的人力资源开发，是比物质资本投资更重要的人力资本投资。随着我国加入 WTO 和世界经济一体化，企业从来没有象现在那样重视培训。本文就培训谈些个人看法，以求创新企业培训。 培训企业腾飞的翅膀。 有效的企业培训,其实是提升企业综合竞争力的过程。事实上,培训的效果并不取决于受训者个人,而恰恰相反,企业组织本身作为一个有机体的状态,起着非常关键的作用。良好的培训对企业好处有四点： 培训能增强员工对企业的归属感和主人翁责任感。就企业而言，对员工培训得越充分，对员工越具有吸引力，越能发挥人力资源的高增值性，从而为企业创造更多的效益。有资料显示，百事可乐公司对深圳 270 名员工中的 10
30、0 名进行一次调查，这些人几乎全部参加过培训。其中 80%的员工对自己从事的工作表示满意，87%的员工愿意继续留在公司工作。培训不仅提高了职工的技能，而且提高了职工对自身价值的认识，对工作目标有了更好的理解。 培训能促进企业与员工、管理层与员工层的双向沟通，增强企业向心力和凝聚力，塑造优秀的企业文化。不少企业采取自己培训和委托培训的办法。这样做容易将培训融入企业文化，因为企业文化是企业的灵魂，它是一种以价值观为核心对全体职工进行企业意识教育的微观文化体系。企业管理人员和员工认同企业文化，不仅会自觉学习掌握科技知识和技能，而且会增强主人翁意识、质量意识、创新意识。从而培养大家的敬业精神、革新精神
31、和社会责任感，形成上上下下自学科技知识，自觉发明创造的良好氛围，企业的科技人才将茁壮成长，企业科技开发能力会明显增强。更多企业管理论文请在“茅山下“查找. 培训能提高员工综合素质,提高生产效率和服务水平,树立企业良好形象，增强企业盈利能力。美国权威机构监测，培训的投资回报率一般在 33%左右。在对美国大型制造业公司的分析中，公司从培训中得到的回报率大约可达20-30。摩托罗拉公司向全体雇员提供每年至少 40 小时的培训.调查表明：摩托罗拉公司每 1 美元培训费可以在 3 年以内实现 40 美元的生产效益。摩托罗拉公司认为，素质良好的公司雇员们已通过技术革新和节约操作为公司创造了40 亿美元的财
32、富。摩托罗拉公司的巨额培训收益说明了培训投资对企业的重要性。 适应市场变化、增强竞争优势，培养企业的后备力量,保持企业永继经营的生命力。企业竞争说穿了是人才的竞争。明智的企业家愈来清醒地认识到培训是企业发展不可忽视的“人本投资” ，是提高企业“造血功能”的根本途径。美国的一项研究资料表明，企业技术创新的最佳投资比例是 5：5，即“人本投资”和硬件投资各占 50%。人本为主的软技术投资，作用于机械设备的硬技术投资后，产出的效益成倍增加。在同样的设备条件下，增加“人本”投资，可达到投 1 产 8 的投入产出比。发达国家在推进技术创新中，不但注意引进、更新改造机械设备等方面的硬件投入，而且更注重以提
33、高人的素质为主要目标的软技术投入。事实证明，人才是企业的第一资源，有了一流的人才，就可以开发一流的产品，创造一流的业绩，企业就可以在市场竞争中立于不败之地。培训与开发的原则。为了保证培训与开发的方向不偏离组织预定的目标&企业必须制定基本原则，并以此为指导。具体包括以下几个方面：战略原则。企业必须将员工的培训与开发放在战略的高度来认识。员工培训有的能立竿见影，很快会反映到员工工作绩效上；有的可能在若干年后才能收到明显的效果，尤其是对管理人员的培训。因此，许多企业将培训看成是只见投入不见产出的”赔本”买卖,往往只重视当前利益,安排”闲人”去参加培训,而真正需要培训的人员却因为工作任务繁重而抽不出身
34、.结果就出现了所学知识不会用或根本不用的“培训专业户”使培训真正变成了只见投入不见产出的”赔本”买卖.因此&企业必须树立战略观念&根据企业发展目标及战略制定培训规划,使培训与开发与企业的长远发展紧密结合.理论联系实际,学以致用原则。员工培训应当有明确的针对性,从实际工作的需要出发&与职位特点紧密结合,与培训对象的年龄、知识结构、能力结构、思想状况紧密结合,目的在于通过培训让员工掌握必要的技能以完成规定的工作,最终为提高企业的经济效益服务。只有这样培训才能收到实效,才能提高工作效率。知识技能培训与企业文化培训兼顾的原则。培训与开发的内容，除了文化知识、专业知识、专业技能的培训内容外，还应包括理想
35、、信念、价值观、道德观等方面的培训内容。而后者又要与企业目标、企业文化、企业制度、企业优良传统等结合起来，使员工在各方面都能够符合企业的要求。全员培训与重点提高相结合的原则。全员培训就是有计划、有步骤地对在职的所有员工进行培训，这是提高全体员工素质的必经之路。为了提高培训投入的回报率，培训必须有重点，即对企业兴衰有着重大影响的管理和技术骨干，特别是中高层管理人员、再者就是有培养前途的梯队人员，更应该有计划地进行培训与开发。培训效果的反馈与强化原则。培训效果的反馈与强化是不可缺少的重要环节。培训效果的反馈指的是在培训后对员工进行检验，其作用在于巩固员工学习的技能、及时纠正错误和偏差，反馈的信息越及时、准确&培训的效果就越好。强化则是指由于反馈而对接受培训人员进行的奖励或惩罚。其目的一方面是为了奖励接受培训并取得绩效的人员、另一方面是为了加强其他员工的培训意识，使培训效果得到进一步强化。
