1、第四学时Grammar,ing 分词作定语，宾语补足语和表语的用法1、ing分词作表语ing分词作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。Her hobby is painting.她的业余爱好是画画。My job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。His concern for his mother is most touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。,2、ing分词作定语1单个的ing分词作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作、状态或性质。 buildi
2、ng materialsmaterials for building建筑材料drinking waterwater for drinking 饮用水tiring musicmusic that is tiring 烦人的音乐a surprising resulta result that is surprising一个惊人的结果,2ing分词短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。They live in a room facing the street.They live in a room that faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子里。
3、3ing分词短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。,His brother，working as a teacher，lives in Beijing.His brother，who is working as a teacher，lives in Beijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。The apple tree，swaying gently in the breeze，had a good crop of fruit.The apple tree，which was swaying gently in the breeze，had a
4、 good crop of fruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。,3、 ing分词作宾语补足语1动词ing形式作宾语补足语放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。When we returned to the school，we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时，发现一个陌生人站在大门口。We found the snake eating the eggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。,2当句子转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的动词ing形式便转换为主语补足语。They found th
5、e result very satisfying(宾补)The result is found very satisfying(主补)这个结果很令人满意。They heard him singing in the next room.He was heard singing in the next room.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。,3能用ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词：表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see，hear，feel，smell，find，notice，observe，look at，listen to等。 I felt somebody patting me on the
6、shoulder.我觉得有人在拍我的肩膀。I didnt notice him waiting. 我没有注意到他在等候。表示使役意义的动词，常见的有have，set，keep，get，catch，leave 等。,I wont have you doing that.我不会让你做那件事情的。This set me thinking.这使我陷入了沉思。Im sorry to have kept you waiting.很对不起，我让你久等了。 I cant get the clock going again.我不能让这个钟又走起来。You wont catch me doing that aga
7、in.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。,典例剖析非谓语动词是语法填空中的必考考点。解题时，当句中已有谓语动词时，括号中所给动词即为非谓语动词，然后根据其在句中所作句子成分、某些词语或句式的搭配要求、与逻辑主语的主动或被动关系等，确定用具体的形式。如：1. Lessons _ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.解析：learned。 因句中已有谓语can help，可见learn为非谓语动词；由句子结构可知非谓语动词短语应当是作主语Lessons 的定语；因Lessons与learn是被动关系，故用ed形式l
8、earned。,2.While she was getting me _ (settle) into a tiny but clean room.解析：settled。 因句中已有谓语was getting，所以settle为非谓语动词；由句中结构可知，此非谓语动词作宾补；根据settle sb. into.，可见me与settle是被动关系；故用ed形式，即用settled作宾补。,一、单项填空1Johns bad habit is _ without thorough understanding.AreadBbeing readCto be read Dreading2As the sto
9、ne was too heavy to move，I left it _on the ground. ( )Alaying Blay Clying Dlain,解析：reading without thorough understanding：读书不求甚解，动名词作表语。 答案：D,C,3The _ waiter came up to us and said，“You are welcome.” ( )Asmiling BsmiledCsmile Dto smile4A phone call sent him _ to the hospital.Ahurry Bhurrying Cto hur
10、ry Dhurried,A,解析：send sb.doing sth.让/使某人做某事。答案：B,5I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. Asail Bto sailCsailing Dto have sailed,解析：imagine 后接动名词作宾语，动名词前有Peter，Peter 是动名词的逻辑主语。答案：C,6There are lots of places of interest _ in our city.Aneeds repairing Bneeding repairedCnee
11、ded repairing Dneeding to be repaired7When we got back from the cinema，we found the lamp _but the door _. ( )Abeing on；shut Bburning；shutting Cburning；shut Don；shutting,解析：need to be done等于need doing，needing to be repaired 是现在分词短语作后置定语。答案：D,C,8As is known to us all，traveling is _，but we often feel _
12、 when we are back from travels.( )Ainteresting；tired Binterested；tiring Cinteresting；tiring Dinterested；tired9The woman found it no good _ her daughter too much money.Agiving Bbeing given Cgiven Dgave,A,解析：giving her daughter too much money：动名词短语作真宾语。答案：A,10Dont leave the water _ while you brush you
13、r teeth.( )Arun BrunningCbeing run Dto run,B,二、完成句子1Some jokes are made by_.(玩文字游戏)2Jenny has really learnt very fast. She has made _.(惊人的进步)3He gave me a _.(欢迎的拥抱)when he met me at the airport.4His first attempt at iceskating_.(以失败告终)5I suggested _.(结束会议)6_(对他说话) is talking to a wall.,1playing on w
14、ords2.astonishing progress3.welcoming hug4.ended in failure5.bringing the meeting to an end6.Talking to him,三、语法填空Snake dishes have become popular 1._recent years. Snake meat in various flavors(风味) is often seen in restaurant ads. 2._(eat) snake seems to be now in vogue(盛行)，and if you havent eaten s
15、nake yet，you 3._(consider) “out of date”But I wonder if all the trends are worth 4._(follow)Some people may defend themselves by saying that snake meat is nutritious. But these people dont realize that many parasites(寄生虫)， 5._do harm to our health，are found inside snakes.,According 6._a survey，about
16、 1,000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as 7._as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day!These figures warns us that if no action is taken，8._number of snakes will drop and make an increase in mice and worms population，which will result in
17、a decrease(减产) of crop output. Who will see such tragedy happen? So dont eat snakes any more 9._“ protecting the snake is 10._ourselves”,1in2解析：Eating是动名词作主语。答案：Eating3are considered4解析：be worth doing是固定搭配，表示 “值得做某事”。答案：following5which6to,7解析：as many as：多达。答案：many8the9because10解析：protecting ourselve
18、s：动名词作表语。答案：protecting,四、用所给动词的适当形式填空1The trees _(blow down) in the storm have been moved off the road.2Did the book give the information you needed?Yes. But _ (find) it，I had to read the entire book.3_ (walk) in the fields on a March afternoon，he could feel the warmth of spring.4_ (see) that she wa
19、s going off to sleep，I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.5Please remain _(seat)；the winner of the prize will be announced soon.,seated,blown down,to find,walking,Seeing,6It is one of the funniest things _(find) on the Internet so far this year.7_ (throw) their hats into the air，the fans
20、 of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.8To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English _(speak) as much as we can.9Dont sit there_ (do) nothing. Come and help me with this table.10_ (separate) from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and
21、animals not found in any other country in the world.,6.found 7Throwing 8.spoken 9.doing10Having been separated,11All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to _(receive) in time for Christmas.12He has always insisted on his _(call) Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.13There is a new problem invo
22、lved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need _ (improve)14Victor apologized for his not _ (be) able to inform me of the change in the plan 15Fishing is his favorite hobby，and _ (collect) coins also gives him great pleasure.,11be received 12.being called 13improving14.being 15collecting,感谢您的使用，退出请按ESC键,本小节结束,
