1、UNIT1 language points,1. abstract adj.抽象的，深奥的 n.摘要（of） v.摘录，提取，分离（from） abstractfrom从中摘录，提取,分离 in the abstract 抽象地;理论上eg. The idea of happiness is extremely abstract.Salt can be abstracted from sea water.Legal questions rarely exist in the abstract; they are based on real cases.,2. influence v.& n.
2、impact/effect影响（力）；有影响（之人或物）have/exert a strong influence on/upon 对有强大的影响 have influence over/with sb. 对某人支配约束力eg. The weather in summer influences the rice crops. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.,3. faith n. 信用/信任/信仰/忠诚faithful adj. n faithfully adv. develop / have/ lose faith in 建立信心
3、/对有信心/ 对失去信心 keep faith with sb. 对某人守信用eg:I dont have much faith in this medicine . I have great faith in you, and you wont let me down.,in bad faith背信弃义地,存心不良地 The workers thought that the boss acted in bad faith.in good faith真诚地 I doubt whether he is in good faith.,defend faith blind faith deep fa
4、ith good faithbad faith great faith,捍卫信仰 迷信 深信 忠诚 不诚实 信心十足,4As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in a short text,that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business C
5、. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business,B,so + adj./ adv. so + adj. + a + n. so + many (much,few, little) + n.such +a + adj.+ n,eg.1) The book is _interesting that I want to read it again.2) It was _a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.3) It was _
6、cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.4) There are _many mistakes in your composition that I cant understand it.5) He has made _rapid progress that he got the first in the exam.,so,such,so,so,such,5. Consequently, this text will describe only a few of the main styles.,conseq
7、uent adj. consequent on /upon 作为结果的,随之发生的 consequence n. 结果,后果;重要性 in consequence of = as a result of 由于 in consequence = as a result 因此I overslept, and in consequence, I was late for school. The bank refused to help the company; consequently, it went bankrupt.,As a result of her mothers illness, sh
8、e left school. Her mother became ill; _ she left school.,consequently,If you behave so foolishly, you must be ready to _. (为后果负责) (2) Its of _ (无重要性的). (3) He may be a man _ (重要的) in his own village. (4) The farmers face the failure of crops consequent _the storm.A. in B. at C. on D. with,take,the c
9、onsequence,no consequence,of consequence,C,6. aim n. 目标；目的vi. 以为目的 (1)without aim= aimlessly with the aim of take aim at the aim in doing sth.,漫无目的地为了，意在瞄准，矛头指向做某事的目的,(2)aim at 力求达到；瞄准 aim at doing sth. /aim to do sth. 旨在做某事 be aimed at 目的是，旨在 Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. The
10、yre aiming at training everybody by the end of the year. Whats your aim in doing that?,(1) He _(把枪瞄准了敌人) (2) The hunter took_ (瞄准) the young lion. (3) He was _ (无目的地游逛) about the town.(4) He was _(你的目标).,aimed his gun at the enemy,aim at,wandering aimlessly,your aim,7. symbol n. (1) 象征 a symbol of .
11、 的象征(2) 符号, 记号 a symbol for 的符号,(1)The branches of olive is the _ of peace.A. symbol B. sign C. signal D. markis the symbol_ female, and _ male.A. of; of B. for; for C. of; for D. for; of,A,B,8、value n.价值 values价值观 v. 认为重要；给估价,be of great(some, little, no) value to 对有很大（一些/几乎没有/没有）价值 put great value
12、 on sth. 认为某事十分有益 go up/rise/increase in value 升值 valuable adj. 有价值的/重要的 valueless adj. (worthless) 不值钱的/无价值的invaluable adj. (priceless)无价的,9.In the Renaissance, new ideas and values replaced those that were held in the Middle Ages.,1.When did the accident _exactly? 2.Ill _my father for a while. 3.I
13、ll _for a while.,take place,take the place of,take my fathers place,10.People became focused more on humans and less on religion,focus on 聚焦于; 集中(注意力)于 concentrate /centre on 集中于 1.Ill_the main group of people over there. 2.All the eyes _him.,focus on,were focused on,11.They paid famous artists to p
14、aint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions.,他们雇请著名艺术家来画他们，及他们的住宅和其他的财产。,possession 拥有, 占有； 领土, 领地；财产(常用复数),富人 个人财产 他放弃了这房子的所有权。,a man of great possessions,personal possessions,He gave up _ of the house.,possession,The police asked me if I possessed a gun. 警察问我是否拥有一支枪。 Fear possessed h
15、im and prevented him from moving. 恐惧支配着他，使他无法移动。 He is in lawful possession of a shotgun. 他合法地持有猎枪。,The rare stamp is _ _ _ _ an unknown collector.那张珍贵的邮票为一位不知名的收藏家所拥有。 How did the painting _ _ _ _ ？ 你是怎么得到这幅画的？,in the possession of,come into your possession,1. be possessed of 2. sb. is in possessio
16、n of sth. 3. sth. is in the possession of sb 4. have/take possession of 5. come into ones possession,1.具有(品质、能力) 2.某人拥有某物3. 某物为某人所拥有4. 占有5. 为某人所拥有,You cant _ the house until all the papershave been signed. take possess of B. take possession ofC. in possession of D. possession (2) He is _ possession
17、of the house.A. in B. in the C. on D. on the,B,A,12.When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in the wall at a real scene.,convince v.使确信；说服 convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事 convinced adj. 确信的；深信的 be convinced that / of
18、 确信，相信 convincing adj. 有说服力的,1.I was convinced _he knew the truth. 2.I couldnt convince him _his mistake. 3.The doctor convinced me _stop smoking. 4.The more he said, the less _he was.,that,of,to,convincing,13、coincidence n. 巧合；一致 by coincidence 巧合地 They met again in Paris by coincidence after ten y
19、ears . 由于巧合他们十年后在巴黎再次相会 I dont think all these things happened by coincidence . 我认为这些事情不是凑巧发生地的。 She and I both arrived at the same time by coincidence.她和我同时到达纯属巧合。 Is there any coincidence between his opinions and your own?他的观点与你自己的有无一致之处?,a great deal = a good deal 大量; a great deal of = a good dea
20、l of 大量的;,He ate _for supper yesterday. He ran _ faster than me. She is _ better today. She has _ experience. I have _work to do. I was _surprised.,a great deal of money / information / water,a great deal,a great deal,a great deal,a great deal of,a great deal of,a great deal,14.In the late 19th cent
21、ury, Europe changed a great deal.,manya great many + 复数名词a number ofscores of dozens of mucha great deal ofa large amount of + 不可数名词large amounts of a lot of lots of plenty of masses ofa large quantity of + 可数不可数名词quantities of,15、shadow n. 影子 shade n. 阴凉处.They are drinking tea in the shade of the t
22、ree. . The shadows of the trees grow longer as the afternoon goes on.,16. ridiculous adj. 荒谬的; 可笑的ridiculously adv. ridiculousness n. 荒谬,You _ (看起来可笑) in those tight jeans.(2) What _(一个多么荒谬 的主意),look ridiculous,a ridiculous idea,17. controversial adj. 争论的； 争议的controversially adv. 争论地controversialist
23、 n. 争论者,The professor made _( 可能引起争议的演说). (2) The man I visited yesterday is _( 一位善于争论者).,a controversial speech,a controversialist,18. Nowadays, there are scores of modern art styles.,scores of 很多, 几十 score 二十 ; (比赛)的得分,There are scores of rooms in the hotel. Ive seen the film scores of times. Scor
24、es of people were killed in the fight.,足球比赛的比分是四比一。,The score in the football game was 4 - 1.,七十岁, 古稀之年 六十人 许多年前,three score (years) and ten,three score of people,scores of years ago,我需要一打铅笔. (二十只铅笔)他买了三打啤酒.我们去广州十几次了.,I need a dozen pencils.,I need a score of pencils.,He bought three dozen bottles o
25、f beer.,We have been to Guangzhou dozens of times.,scores of 前不能加数词 1._(很多) people attended the special performance. 2._（有40人）those people wanted to fly there. 3.I have heard that _(很多)times. 4._（有20人）people were present at the party.,scores of,Two score of,Scores of,A score of,1. He spent _money on
26、 books and _his books are about space and satellite. A great deal of, a good many ofa good many; a great number ofa large quantity of; a large amount ofmany; plenty of 2. She bought _eggs yesterday, but there were _ them broken.two scores of; scores ofscores of; two scores ofscores of; two score ofs
27、core of; two score,19. on one hand. on the other( hand)for one thing. for another ( thing)二者都表示“一方面， 另一方面”,_ I wish to go to the party together with you,_ Ive got a report to finish tonight. Though; but B. However; but C. On one hand; but on the other hand D. Although; but,C,20.The painter does not
28、attempt paint objects as we see them with our eyes.,1.v.企图，试图；努力试图，尝试：努力去执行，做或完成 attempt doing反复尝试做 attempt to do企图做,(1)attempt to do=try to do=make an attempt to do试图做 attempt at/on sth. 试图做某事 (2)at ones first attempt 某人第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 make an attempt on sb. 企图杀害某人,(1) Tom prep
29、ared for the computer test carefullyso that he could be sure of passing it on his first_.A. attempt B. desire C. purpose D. intension(2) He _ to get a high position in the company, but failed because of his carelessness.A. managed B. succeeded C. attempted D. thought,A,C,21. predict vt. 预言; 预测; 预示pr
30、ediction n. 预言; 预测; 预示predictable adj. 可预言的; 可预测的; 可预示的,predict 预言; 预测. 是正式用语, 具有科学 性, 正确性. foretell 预言, 常用词, 不注重准确性,The expert _ that there will be an earthquakein that area in the near future.A. tells B. predicts C. foretells D. speaks(2) Timely snow _ a bumper harvest.瑞雪兆丰年A. tells B. predicts C.
31、 foretells D. speaks,B,C,22、specific adj. spsfk 明确的,确切的,详尽的具体的,特有的,特定的 specific address 确切的地点 specific date 具体的日期 specific occasion 特定场合 specific style 独特的风格 Whats the specific time of his arrival?他确切的到达时间是几点钟? We havent fixed a specific date for our meeting.我们会议的具体日期还没有定下来。 Theres a specific tool f
32、or each job.各工种配备特定的工具。 The picture has a specific style.这幅画有一种独特的风格。 S+be+prep.-phraseThis disease is specific to this area.这种疾病只发生在这一地区。,(1) Tom prepared for the computer test carefullyso that he could be sure of passing it on his first_.A. attempt B. desire C. purpose D. intension(2) He _ to get
33、a high position in the company, but failed because of his carelessness.A. managed B. succeeded C. attempted D. thought,A,C,24、figure n1. 数字 C 2. 图解,图表 C 3. 装饰性的图案 C 4. (绘画中的)人或动物的像,画像,肖像 C 5. 轮廓,人影,身材,体态,风姿 6. 算数,计算 cut a figure1.露头角,出风头 The couple cut quite a figure.这对夫妇大出风头。 With his handsome face
34、 Benjamin cuts quite a figure with all the ladies.凭着英俊的长相,本杰明在所有的女士中间大出风头。 in round figures以整数计算 In round figures, you have $2000 left in your bank account.以整数来计算,你银行里的存款还有2000美元。,25、aggressive adj. gresv1.好斗的,攻击性的 2.进取的 aggressive act 侵略行径 aggressive leadership 有力的领导 aggressive sales rep 得力的推销员 agg
35、ressive state 侵略性的国家 aggressive war 侵略战争 aggressive weapons 攻击性武器 She is really an aggressive lady.她真是个天不怕地不怕的女人。 He is an aggressive person and likely to start a fight.他好攻击他人,随时准备打架。 He appeared to be now in a less aggressive mood.他看起来好像不如以前有进取心了。 His manner is slightly aggressive.他的样子有点咄咄逼人。,句式,1，
36、as they are./as it is. 1).really;in reality事实上 *We hoped that things would get better，but as it is， they are getting worse.我们本希望情况会好转的，但是事实上，现在情况正在恶化。 2).without changes or improvements(used after the word it modifies)照原来的样子(位于被修饰词之后) *Leave it as it is.听其自然。 *Its good enough as it is.照现在这个样子已经很不错了。
37、,as it were,1.in a manner;as if it really were 宛如;似乎 *Her mother is， as it were，her friend.她的母亲好像就是她的朋友。*He is，as it were，a walking dictionary.他仿佛是部活字典。2.so to speak可以说 *Books are，as it were，his life.书可以说就是他的生命,2,its evident that,It is evident that Jenny is happy, for she is smiling. 珍妮显然是高兴的, 因为她在微
38、笑 It is evident that we are to have a backward season for grain. 我们谷物收成的季节显然会推迟.,3,Without the new paints and ,1,(用在no, not, never等否定副词之后，强调肯定)没有不，没有则不能，每必定。如：You cant get rich without taking risks. 人不冒险不富。The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路,2,without有时可表示条件，引出虚拟语气，与but for大致同义。如：Without But for appropriate software, a computer would be a mere box. 如果没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了。Without But for you, our project wouldnt have succeeded. 如果没有你的话，我们的计划就无法成功了。,
