1、山东省泰安市 2018 届高三第一轮复习质量检测英语试题20183本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题，共 12 页。试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项： 1答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。2答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。3答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷
2、上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 75 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What will the woman probably do?AEnjoy the beautiful dayBWash some clothes CWork in the backyard 2Which train will the woman take?AThe
3、10：05 one BThe 10：15 one Cthe 10：20 one3What do the speakers think of the chemistry course?AWell-organized BUnsatisfactory CInteresting4What pattern is on the mans new T-shirt?ASome circles BSome words CSome crosses5Where will the woman go on Saturday?ATo a shopping mall BTo the seaside CTo a cinema
4、第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。6What will the weather be like this Weekend?ARainy BSunny CWindy7What is the woman going to do next weekend?AWork over
5、time BStay at home CGo to the beach 听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。8Why is the man unhappy?AHe did badly in his paperBHe hates writing classesCHe dislikes his teacher9What does the woman advise the man to do?AChange a courseBTalk to his teacherCGive up writing papers听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。10Why doesnt t
6、he woman do the gardening?AShe dislikes working in the garden BShe is not feeling very wellCShe wants to save trouble 11What is the relationship between the speakers?AGardener and buyer BOld friends CNeighbors12What will the woman do next?AHave some coffee with the manBMake the man a chocolate cakeC
7、Give the man some money听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。13What are the speakers talking about?AHow to be a good motherBHow to eat properlyCHow to handle stress14What do we know about the woman?AShe does exercise regularlyBShe has two little boysCShe often overeats15How long does the woman sleep per night?A
8、About 6 hours BAbout 8 hours CAbout 9 hours16What does the woman prefer to do?ARun with the dogBCook different cookies CEat a piece of dark chocolate听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。17Who might the speaker be?AA doctor BA professor CA medical secretary18What does the speaker want MsBrown to do?ACall back w
9、hen she canBGet some tests as soon as possibleCCome back to the office right away19What is the speakers advice?AAvoiding sun exposureBDoing more exerciseCDriving as little as possible 20According to the speaker what do most people do for a bad sunburn?APut on sun creamBGo to the hospitalCTake some m
10、edicine.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、CD)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIf youve ever noticed uneasiness in your puppy around an unwelcome houseguest，you might be onto somethingA new study found that dogs can really sense bad behavior in humans，and are less likely to
11、 accept treats from those peopleFor the study，which was published in the January edition of Neuroscience & biobehavioral Reviews，researchers set up a scene in which a dog watched his owner try to open a container while two actors were on setIn a series of three tries one of the actors would help the
12、 owner open the container，respond neutrally(中立地)，or refuse to help open the containerThe other actor responded passively in all three triesAt each end of the try，both actors would offer the dog a treat at the same timeIn the tries where the working actor had responded either helpfully or neutrally，t
13、he dog was equally likely to accept a treat from either of the two actorsIn the third try where he had responded rudely，the dog was more likely to choose the passive actorJames Anderson，a psychologist who worked on the study at Kyoto University，told the New Scientist that the dogs most likely have a
14、 similar ability to notice bad behavior in humans as human babies do “If somebody is behaving badly，they probably end up with some sort of emotional reaction to it,”he saysBabies have been shown to begin to make these types of connections around age one So while you cant ask your dogs opinion every
15、time youre facing a difficult situation，you can consider his judgment of your new friends when thinking about whether they are kind or notOf course，we11 suggest doing so according to the situation and your own consideration，but it wouldnt hurt to take note!21What does the new study mainly show? ADog
16、s can read humansthoughtsBDogs are unwilling to accept treats from peopleCDogs can sense unfriendliness of humansDDogs feel uneasy around strange people22In the third try，why was the dog more likely to choose the passive actor?AThe dog wanted to please himBHis treats appeared more attractiveCHis act
17、ion stayed the same during three triesDThe dog considered the other actor rude23What does the underlined word ”they”in Paragraph 3 refer to?AHumans BDogs CBabies DPsychologiesBHonesty is the best policyWe may agree that admitting mistakes and behaving in a genuine way is the right way to lead our li
18、ves，but is there something in our human nature that makes us immoral? For example，in some shops and car parks you can find an honesty boxa box where you pay for something by putting money in itbut it relies on you putting the right amount of cash inThis relies on people being honest and not trying t
19、o cheat but it does provide a temptation to get away with not paying the full amountPhilip Graves，a psychologist，suggests that this temptation is part of our evolutionHe says：“We have evolved with the ability to be dishonestIts part of our evolutionary psychological make-up-because if we can gain an
20、 advantage over the people around us，we have a greater chance of surviving ”So why do we place such importance on being honest if we benefit from being dishonest? Its because it is selfish behaviorIf everybody acted selfishly and dishonestly all the time，the world would be a very unpleasant place As
21、 Philip Graves says：“There is a balance to strike between the extent to which we can feather our own nest，so to speak，and the risk of being ostracized(排斥)by the group ”So，for societies to work together we need to trust each other and therefore we need to be honestBeing trustworthy with money is of c
22、ourse vital for an economy to surviveBut being honest with words is another matter，saying what we think to someone can get us into hot waterHowever，a new anonymous messaging app has been designed that lets anyone with a link to your profile(简介)to send you a message without knowing who its fromThe ap
23、p now has 300 million users which perhaps indicates how honest we really like to bebut in all honesty，do you want to know what people think about you? Is honesty always the best policy?24What does an honesty box require people to do? AGet the change out of it freelyBPut the correct amount of money i
24、n itCDonate the pocket money to othersDPay a larger amount of money25According to Philip Graves，being dishonest_Ais a disadvantageBshould be advocatedCis part of our evolutionDhelps people survive ，better26What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AThe reason for being honestBThe benefit of being dish
25、onestCThe outcome of selfishnessDThe importance of group work27What can we infer from the text?AHonesty is always the best policy BThe author is in favor of dishonestyCThe market of the new app is promisingDBeing honest with words is sometimes improperCThe most powerful rocket to leave Earth since t
26、he Apollo missions launched(发射)from Florida on February 6What was the launch trying to achieve?The Falcon(猎鹰)Heavy test flight was mostly a proof-of-concept，showing the world it is possible to successfully fly a rocket with three re-usable boosters(助推器)beyond orbitSpaceX billionaire Elon Musk said t
27、hat the company planned to aim the rocket so the electric car reached Mars(火星)orbital path around the sun about six months after launchHe added that the car could pass close to the red planet as it crossed its orbit，though he admitted this wasextremely unlikelyWhat does SpaceX gain from the flight?S
28、paceX was built around the idea that reusable rockets could greatly reduce the cost of carrying cargo(货物)into space for paying customers，such as satellites or space station resuppliesShowing that the huge Falcon Heavy rocket actually works is important if SpaceX plans to sell cargo space on the craf
29、t in future，with the company planning to charge customers $90 million per flightHas SpaceX achieved its goals?Musk repeatedly warned Falcon Heavy would likely explode on the launch station as a result of its huge power SpaceX had slightly overcooked one of the rockets booster burns，sending the main
30、capsule out of its planned trackThe car will likely end up further into the solar system than intended，missing MarsIn short，the rocket made it beyond Earths orbitSpaceXs primary goalbut missed its targets to re-land all three boosters and send Musks Tesla to MarsDoes that matter?SpaceXs failure to r
31、e-land all three of its boosters will be a concern for potential customersDespite the faults，the launch has still been praised by industry experts as a gamechanger because of its potential to motivate the company to the very forefront of the modern day space raceOnce it irons out the errors，SpaceX w
32、ill offer cargo rides aboard the most powerful operational rocket in the world28Why did SpaceX launch the Falcon Heavy the most powerful rocket?ATo fly a rocket with three re-usable boosters beyond orbitBTo test the function of his eclectic carTeslaCTo send the electric car to the orbital path of Ma
33、rsDTo help the government to explore the Mars 29What effect will the reusable rockets bring?AThe cost of satellites or space station resupplies will be reducedBMore customers can afford the space flight in the futureCSpaceX will gain less profit from the flightDThey would likely cause explosion30Wha
34、t goal did SpaceX achieve in the last?AIt sent the main capsule into its planned trackBThe car ended up further into the solar system as intendedCThe rocket made the car beyond Earths orbitDIt re-landed all three boosters and sent Musks Tesla to Mars31How would the professionals feel about the futur
35、e of SpaceX?AIts unexpected BIts ambiguous CIts discouraging DIts hopefulDIf youve ever had to chop an onion，you probably know that its one of the most annoying cooking experiencesIt just fills your eyes with tearsScientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades，and
36、 theyve apparently come up with a tearless onionCalled the“Sunion”，this new vegetable is the result of a natural cross-breeding program thats been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980sIts supposedly a sweet，mild-tasting onion that doesnt leave that strong，pungent aftertaste，but wha
37、t really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesnt cause teary eyes when its choppedWhen you cut into a normal onion，it releases a compound called lachrymatory-factor synthase，andwhen that hits your eyes，your body produces tearsNow，the interesting thing about regular onions is
38、that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored，so the older they，the more you cryIn Sunions，on the other hand，the levels of that annoying compound drop the more time goes by，until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut itThats what Sunio
39、n growers are claiming anyway，but reports from those lucky enough to have tried them seem to confirm these claimsThe Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions，and apparently，none of them shed a single tearAccording to the Washington Post，they dont have the pungency of regular onio
40、ns and are so sweet that you can eat them“like popcorn” So the good news is that tearless onions are now a real thingThe bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada，and even though they are sold nationwide，they are still in relatively short supply The first Sunion batches
41、 hit the shelves of grocery stores in December，but we11 probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years，as more people learn about them32What is special about the Sunion?AIts easily chopped BIts sweet and tastes strongCIts tearless and mild DIts grown nationwi
42、de in the USA33How does the author introduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3 ?ABy comparison BBy telling a storyCBy giving examples DBy asking questions 34What does the underlined word “pungency”in Paragraph 4 mean?ARound shape BStrong smellCSpecial character DMedical function35What can we conclude from t
43、he last paragraph?AThe Sunion has been largely on the marketBThe Sunion is still on trial at presentCThe Sunion will soon be grown worldwideDThe author is confident about the future of the Sunion第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When I was younger I was fascinated w
44、ith stories of magicI was absorbed in books where wizards(法师)and fighters battled the powers of darkness in strange worldsI was delighted when they won bringing peace and happiness to their lands 36 I wanted to be able to magically make my pain disappear，to make my problems go away，and to have power
45、 over this world that so often has power over usAs I got older，however，I realized that there was no such thing as magic 37 I had daily pain from a back injury that never healed(治愈 )rightI still sometimes dreamed of magic but in time even that faded away38 This magic grew stronger in my heart，soul ，a
46、nd mind day by dayIt was called LOVEThis magic connected me to my own highest self and to all of the other souls in this worldIt didnt abolish my poverty but it made every day of my life feel richer 39 There is such a thing as magic in this worldThere is such a thing as magic in each one of usThis m
47、agic is called LOVE 40 Also，I hope you use it to help others，to heal this world，and to build a bridge to souls of everybodyAI struggled through a long period of povertyBI was not eager to have any power that controlled the worldCThen one day I started to discover a different kind of magicDMay you choose it，share it，and live in it every single day of your lifeEIt didnt get rid of my pain but it helped me deal with it so much betterFIt helped me see them as the beautiful，loving and joyful souls they truly areGMost of the readers like me secretly wished for
