1、高中英语语法专题复习,版面设计： Ivan Fang,省略句,课件制作：杨 讯,贵州省遵义市贵州钢绳中学（二OO五年十二月）,资料整理：杨 讯,高中英语语法专题复习, 省略,贵州省遵义市贵州钢绳中学,知识详解,跟踪练习,高考真题,Ellipsis,一、概述,在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如：,知识详解, Beg you pardon., Sounds like a good idea., （ I ）Beg you pardon., ( It ) Sounds like a good idea,知识详解,二、分类详解,（一）简单句中的省略,1、 省略主语 祈使句中主
2、语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：, Thank you for your help., ( I ) Thank you for your help.,简单句中的省略, Doesnt matter., ( It ) doesnt matter.,知识详解,2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如：, (There is) No smoking .,（省略主语和谓语）, （Will you) Have a smoke ?, What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ?, Why (do you) not say hello to him ?,简
3、单句中的省略,知识详解,3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have 。如：, Are you going there? Yes, Id like to .,简单句中的省略, He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to ., Are you an engineer? No, but I want to ., He hasnt finished the task yet. Well, he ought to .,(go there).,(give me the chance
4、).,be,have,知识详解,4、省略表语。如：, Are you thirsty? Yes, I am .,简单句中的省略, His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister .,(thirsty).,(lazy).,5、同时省略几个成分 。如：, Lets meet at the same place as yesterday.,(we met),同时省略主、谓语,知识详解, Have you finished your work ?Not yet.,简单句中的省略,I have not finished my homework yet.,I have n
5、ot finished my homework yet.,I have not finished my homework yet.,（二）复合句中的省略,知识详解,1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如：, Sorry to hear you are ill.,主从复合句中的省略, Pity that he missed such a good chance., She must be busy now? -If so, she cant go with us., Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess not.,( Im ),( Its a
6、 ),=he is busy,=he wont attend the meeting,知识详解, Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday? I think so.,主从复合句中的省略,so,Im leaving for Beijing this Sunday., Tom must be free today. If so. He can help us.,so,he is free.,2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替，如：,知识详解, It is going to rain, isnt it? I hope not.,主从复合句中的省略
7、,not,it is not going to rain.,这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so. 及I suppose /believe /hope not. Why not?等等。,知识详解, My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law (is) a lawyer.,并列中的省略,（省略相同的谓语动词）,1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 如：, When summer comes, the day is getting longer and
8、longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.,(is getting),(is),省略相同的谓语动词,（三）并列句中的省略,知识详解,其它形式的省略, We all know (that) the earth runs around the sun.,(that),（四）其它形式的省略,1、连词的that省略,宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。, Mary said (that) she is from American and that she is 16 years old.
9、,(that),知识详解,其它形式的省略,（2） 在定语从句中，that, which, who在从句中作宾语时可省略。, I havent read the book (that/ which) youre reading.,(that/ which), The man (that/ who) your father just talked to is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.,(that/ who),2、在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句
10、中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。,2、在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。,2、在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。, When asked what he had done, John just kept silent.,知识详解,其它形式的省略, W
11、hen he was asked what he had done, John just kept silent.,he, If he is free, Jack will go with us.,he was, If free, Jack will go with us.,he is, Unless invited, he wont come.,知识详解,其它形式的省略, Unless he is invited, he wont come.,he, While he is doing house work, my father often listens to music.,he is,
12、While doing house work, my father often listens to music.,he is,he,知识详解,其它形式的省略,3、不定式符号to的省略, My father often asks me to go to the market and to buy some vegetables.,(to),（1）并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.,（2）介词but前若有动词do（did, does, done)，后面的不定式不带 to，否则要带to., He had no choice but to wait.,to, He had nothing to do
13、but wait.,wait,前若有do后则无to，前若无do，后必带to,知识详解,其它形式的省略, Id like to help (to) do it for you.,(to),（3） help 作“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。,（4） find 作“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。, The parents found their son to study very hard.,(to), We found he to be very humorous.,to be, He is kind enough to help me to
14、do some work.,(to),但如果是不定式 to be，则不能省略。,但如果是不定式 to be，则不能省略。,但如果是不定式 to be，则不能省略。,知识详解,其它形式的省略,（5）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。, I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I passed by., A man was noticed to enter the classroom.,to,X,这类使役动词及感官动词主要有,这类使役动词及感官动词主要有,一“感”:,二“听”:,三“让”:
15、,四“看”:,feel,hear,listen to,have,make,let,watch,notice,observe,see,知识详解,其它形式的省略, What he can do is to keep silent.,(to),（6）主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的 to可带可不带。,4、在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were, had, should时，常可以省略if而将were, had, should置于句。, Were I you, Id give the AIDS patient a hug.,Were, Had I a lot of money, Id ai
16、d the poor children.,Had, Should there be bird-flu, what would we do?,Should,知识详解,其它形式的省略, He suggest we should set out right away.,(should),5、在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should + 动词原形”表示虚拟语气的，should常可以省略。如：, His suggestion is that we should set out right away.,(should), The order that we sh
17、ould stay where we are is very serious and severe.,(should), Its very important that students should study hard at school.,(should),高考真题,1. Would you like some more tea? _, please.（NMET2005，全国卷II，12）A. No more B. Just a littleC. Ive had enough D. Yes, I would,2. Itll take at least 2 hours to do this
18、!Oh, _! I could do it in 30 minutes. (NMET2005，上海 39)A. come on B. pardon meC. your are right D. dont mention it,高考真题,3. How about putting some pictures into the report? _ A picture is worth a thousand words. （NMET2005，江苏，24）A. No way. B. Why not?C. All right? D. No matter.,4. When _ help, one often
19、 says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” (NMET2005，福建，33)A. offering B. to offerC. to be offered D. offered,高考真题,5. Why didnt you buy the camera you had longed for? I planed to, but I was 50 _. （NMET2005，福建，34）A. fewer B. lessC. cheap D. short,6. Would you mind my coming over and having a look at yo
20、ur new garden? My little sons curious about those roses you grow.” _. Youre welcome.(NMET2005，湖北，25)A. Yes, I do B. Never mindC. Yes, please D. Not at all,高考真题,7. Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. Im sure we will win. Mike: _! （NMET2005，广东，21）A. Congratulations B. Cheer
21、sC. Best wishes D. Good luck,8. Tara: This is Tara Patel from cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please?Smith: _ (NMET2005，广东，22）A. Hello! B. Im Mr. Smith.C. Who are you? D. Speaking,高考真题,9. My family usually goes skating for vacation. I like skating, but I want to try someth
22、ing different this year. _ （NMET2005，重庆，22）A.Lets go. B. Cheer up.C. Like what ? D. Take care.,10. Have you been to New Zealand? No, Id like to, _. (NMET2005，山东，21）A. too B. thoughC. yet D. either,高考真题,11. Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office? Yes, _ （NMET2005，山东，22）A. for pleas
23、ure B. I couldC. my pleasure D. with pleasure,12 . Lets go to a movie after work, OK?_ (NMET2005，山东，33）A. Not at all. B. Why not?C. Never mind. D. What of it?,跟踪练习,1. Could you please spare me some time? Ive something to talk with you. Not now, _ time, perhaps.A. any other B. someC. other D. some ot
24、her,2. The students have all made up their minds to gain a high mark _ difficulties.A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. whichever,D. some other,B. whatever,跟踪练习,3. I feel tired, Dad. Tired? _?A. For what B. For whichC. From which D. Of what,4. Why not join us in the game? _.A.No, you do the sameB.
25、 Oh, thats all right C. Ok, comingD. Sure, please do,D. Of what,C. Ok, coming,跟踪练习,5. The boy wanted him to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him _.A. not to B. not to doC. not do it D. do not to,6. Would you like some wine? Yes, _.A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit,A. not to,C. a little,跟踪练习,7. How long has this book shop been in business? _ 1982.A. After B. InC. From D. Since,8. You are standing too near the camera. Can you move _. A. a bit far B. a little farther C. a bit of farther D. a little far,D. Since,B. a little farther,公园省贵州,（遵义茅台）,
