1、,The representative of royal gardens in the north,The Summer Palace,Summer Palace,ContentsHistorical Background 历史背景 General Situation of the Summer Palace基本概况The design skills of forming a garden造园手法 Landscaping 造景手法 Cultural significance 文化意义 , Landscape layout 景观布局,The construction of the Summer
2、Palace first started in 1750. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories. The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong. With supreme power and large sums of money, he asked most skillful artisans from all over the country to carry
3、out this construction work in honor of his mother s birthday. After 15 years and one seventh of the nation s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as an evidence to China s scientific and technological achievements.,Historical Background,In 1860, this vast royal
4、garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace). Characterized by its vast scope and rich cult
5、ural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.,A wonderful, over-the-top mix of temples, gardens, pavilions, lakes, bridges, gate towers and corridors.,Summer Palace,General Situation of the Summer Palace,touring route,Situated in western outskirts
6、of Beijing, the Summer Palace is 10 kilometers from the central city. It is Chinas leading classical garden which enjoys a worldwide reputation. The Summer Palace was opened to the public in 1924 and included in the UNESCO world heritage list in 1998. A whole day is needed to view it in detail.,Loca
7、tion,Structure,The two main elements of the garden are Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake. Kunming Lake, with an exquisite building in the middle, takes up three quarters of the gardens 290 hectares.,The Summer Palace,The royal palaces,The residential quarters,The garden,Landscape layout 景观布局,1、The roy
8、al palace,The royal palaces政治活动区,中心建筑：仁寿殿,仁寿殿,The Hall of Benevolence and Longevity 仁寿殿,The administrative area where Cixi held court and received foreign envoys（公使）,question: why it called Renshou dian,the ruler who reigns benevolently仁慈 will have a long life,The residential quarters,The residentia
9、l quarters生活居住区,2、The residential quarters,The Garden of Virtue and Harmony(德和园),Empress Dowager Cixi watchedperformances of the Peking opera,德和园,The Hall of Jade Ripples Emperor Qianlong (state affairs )Emperor Guangxu (living quarters ),玉澜堂,The hall of Joyful Longevity 乐寿堂Emperor Qianlong treat it
10、 as a gift for his mothers sixtieth birthday,慈禧卧室,3、The garden,Front Hill Area,Lake Area,Back Hill Area,Longevity Hill 万寿山,Front Hill Area,佛香阁,佛香阁 Buddhist Fragrance Pavilion,Lake area昆明湖,728-meter long longest corridor in Chinese classic gardens Emperor Qianlongs present for his mother four elegant
11、 octagonal pavilions it is the colored paintings museum ,an exceptional art gallery,长廊 Long Corridor,长廊 Long Corridor,which links the east shore to South Lake Island.The causeway is lined with delightful willow and mulberry trees, and along the way youll come across the grey and white marble Jade Be
12、lt Bridge and then do a circuit of the lake by returning along the east shore.,西堤 West Causeway,The Seventeen Arch Bridge,150 meters long The ninth arch based on the famed LuGou Bridge southwest of Beijing 498 carved stone lions,Back Hill Area,The Garden of Harmonious delight(谐趣园Xiequyuan),Suzhou St
13、reet (the Emperors Shopping Street ),Emperor Qianlongs tours of south Commercial prosperity Imitate the styles of shops along the waterways in Suzhou(“the Venice of the East”),Besides,There are some awesome little spot we need to pay attention,such as,Bronze Ox铜牛,石舫“清晏舫” The Marble Boat,The design s
14、kills of forming a garden造园手法,piled up mountains 叠山,waters 理水,building 建筑,flowering wood 花木,1.piled up mountains 叠山,Gardeners use the image of Ridges峰、Peaks峦、 Gully壑、Valley谷、Cliff悬崖、Steep峭壁 to consist of the scenery of the garden.,In this project,gardeners are strive for the skill“Although made by p
15、eople, it seems like natural“,虽为人作，宛自天成,2.waters 理水,It channel water from Yuquan mountainDig the large artificial lakeKunming lakeBuild a long beach and island in the lakeCut artificial river,3.building 建筑,The summer palace regard the Porcelain Tower(报恩寺) as its centre and Buddhist Fragrance Pavilio
16、n as a landmark， those constitute the subject and center of the whole garden.,4.flowering wood 花木,It is an important measure to set off the magnificent and splendid main building,It can catch blowing sand,Landscaping 造景手法,borrowed scenery 借景,scenery transplant 景物移植,Borrowed scenery 借景,The borrowed s
17、cenery of the Summer Palace is crowing achievement of chinese classical garden. 颐和园的借景是中国古典园林的巅峰之作It put Xishan as the distant view,and make all elements on and around the Summer Palace integrade and blend naturally. 颐和园以西山为远景，使周围所有的元素都与自然融为一体,Scenery transplant 景物移植,The Summer Palace transplant many scenery from all over the China,You guess,Kunming lake,十七孔桥,卢沟桥,佛香阁,六和塔,
