1、Chapter VIII. MEANING AND CONTEXT,speaker:李倩12级英本4班,CONTENTS,1.Two Types of Contexts,A. Linguistic context,B.Extra-linguisitc context,1.Lexical context,2.Grammatical context,3.Verbal context,2.The Vital Role of Context in Determination of Word Meaning,A. Eliminating ambiguities,B.Conveying emotional
2、 overtones,C.Indicating referents and the range of the meaning of a word,3.Suggested Ways for the Correct Comprehension of Word Meaning,1.Situation context,2.Cultural context,Linguistic context1.Lexical context,Lexical context refers to the lexical items combined with a given polysemous word.,语言类语境
3、之词汇语境,2019/10/28,2.Grammatical context,get + n.,get + adj.,meaning “to receive”,meaning ”to become”,I got a letter today.,Hes getting better.,In grammatical context, the syntactic structure of the context determines various individual meanings of a polysemous word.,语言类语境 之语法语境,2019/10/28,2.Grammatic
4、al context,I dont get your point.,I got a letter from my sister.,The above examples show that the meaning of a word often has to be determined by the lexical and grammatical contexts combined.,2019/10/28,3.Verbal context,In addition to lexical, and grammatical context ,the verbal context ,in its bro
5、adest sense , may cover an entire passage ,or even an entire book ,and in some cases even the entire social or cultural setting ,as stated at the beginning of the chapter . The complete significance of an important term can often be grasped only in the light of the whole passage or of the work as a
6、whole .,语言类语境 之共文现象,2019/10/28,B. Extra-linguisitc context,1.)Situational context（情景语境） In different situations (time, place, etc.), the same utterance may have different meanings. OR: The meaning of a word is determined by the speech situation in which the word used. ,“Its a difficult operation.” （
7、文化语境）,Operation -操作，经营，手术，运算,It might mean a surgical operation performed on human being . Or a financial transaction ,or something related to mathematics ,The word meaning is more often dependent on the actual situation in which a word is used .,语言外语境,2019/10/28,B. Extra-linguisitc context,2.)Cultu
8、ral context In different cultures, the same lexical term may not mean the same thing to people of different culture backgrounds. C V :Connotative meaning 内涵意义,Differences of word meaning due to cultural differences.,Gull Chinese : 鸥English : 笨人，易受骗之人,语言外语境,1.She placed the money on the table.,Place,
9、2.Whats your birth place?,vt. 放置 n.地方,2.The Vital Role of Context in Determination of Word Meaning,A. Eliminating ambiguities,B. Conveying emotional overtones,C. Indicating referents and the range of the meaning of a word,2019/10/28,I wandered lonely as a cloud William Woedsworth I wandered lonely a
10、s a cloud . That floats on high over vales and hales . When all at once I saw a crowd . A host ,of golden daffodils . Beside the lake ,beneath the trees . Fluttering and dancing in the breeze .诗人将自己比作一朵孤独的流云，在高高的天空飘荡。孤傲的诗人发现大片金色的水仙，他们欢快的遍地开放，这时水仙已不再是一种植物，而是一种象征，代表一种精神。,B. Conveying emotional overton
11、es,3.Suggested Ways for the Correct Comprehension of Word Meaning,The use of an up-to-date and adequatemonolingual dictionary.,B. A good knowledge of the culture of theEnglish-speaking people.,C. Development of the ability to determine the meaning of a word from its context.,2019/10/28,Sorry, we couldnt load the next page! Try again.,Thank you!,
