1、高考语法动词时态一般现在时 ( The Present Indefinite )1.结构: 主语为第三人称单数,谓动要变化, 其余人称用原形.2. 用法:1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如 often/ usually, every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理。The earth moves around the sun.3) 表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态, 一般用于 be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return 等动词中，常与时
2、间状语连用如：The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.4) 表示瞬间的事件或者快速而短暂的动作Everybody, now I _ the test tubeover the flames; now you can see thatthe liquid is beginning to change color.A. place B. placed C. had placed D. have been placing一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense )1.结构: 谓动用动词过去式2.用法: 在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时
3、间状语连用。如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982 等。将来时间的表示方法：（一）将来时间的表示方法有：1. will/shall2.现在进行时/过去进行时3.一般现在时4. be to do5. be about to do6. will be doing7. will/shall have done（二）Will 用于第一、二、三人称主语；shall 用于第一人称主语二者都可表示将来，但这种将来意义常常夹杂着情态意义即带有说话人的主观态度和看法。Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions.A.
4、will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never（三）Be + doing 主要表示按计划安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的动词，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive 等，也用于其它动态动词。Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down-My rooms empty! A
5、ll my things are gone.-Oh, very sorry, sir. We thought you _ the hotel this morning, so we took your suitcases downstairs.A. leave B. were leaving C. have left D. would have left（四）一般现在时表示将来，强调按照时刻表安排好的，无法更改的-Excuse me, would you please tell me what time Flight 382 for Beijing is ?-It _ at 2:50, but
6、 you must check in an hour before its departure.A. is about to leave B. would leave C. has left D. leaves（五）be about to 表示将来，强调即可就要发生The two leaders have agreed on the principles, but the details _ out later.A. are worked B. being worked C. to be worked D. are to be worked（六）will be doing 将来进行时，表示将来
7、的持续的动作On the desk is a letter, which begins with “Dear Ann, when you see this letter, I _ on the beach, enjoying the California sunshine.”A. will lie B. will be lying C. will have lain D. will be lain过去将来时(The past future simple Tense)1. 用法: 过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用于宾语从句中.2.结构: 1) Should /
8、 would+动词原形2).其他形式was (were) going towas (were) to +动词原形 was (were) about to一般将来时( The Simple Future Tense )1. will / be going to do2. be +to do，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to have an exam this week.3. be about to do, 表示马上做某事, 不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用.He is about to leave for Beijing.现在进行时(The Present Continuous T
9、ense)1.结构: be (am, are, is)+ doing2. 用法：1) 表示现在( 指说话时)正在发生的事情。 We are having English class now.2) 表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作, 但说话时动作未必正在进行。She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.3) 现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动作, 多用于表示移动的动词,如: come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay.Are you staying here till next week?4) 强调动作进行过程The childre
10、n didnt like living in the country when they first moved here, but _to like it.A. theyd get B. theyd got C. theyre getting D. they get5) 用来说明两个动作是一个动作You dont use an English dictionary? You are making a big mistake.= If you dont use an English dictionary, you are making a big mistake.He who ill-trea
11、ts animals is doing a foolish thing.= If one ill-treats animals, he is doing a foolish thingIf you climb mountains in such bad weather, you _ trouble.A. ask for B. have asked for C. will ask for D. are asking for6) 表示反复发生的动作与 always, constantly, continually, forever 等词连用, 含有一定的感情色彩.He _ trouble with
12、 prepositions and seems never to be able to remember those prepositional phrases.A. has always B. is always having C. was having D. had always hadI must return the money I borrowed from him as he _ me of what I owe him.A. continually reminds B. is continually remindingC. has continually reminded D.
13、was continually reminding过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense)1. 结构：was/ were + doing2. 用法:1) 表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态。常用的时间状语 at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while2) 具有描绘性，用于背景介绍I _ the washing when it started to rain, so I had to bring it all in again.A. have just hung out B. was ju
14、st hanging out C. just hung D. had just been hanging3) 表示婉转的语气常用的词语有 wonder, hope 等表示心理状态，表示希望的动词-Michael, _ if you wanted to go out tonight ?-WellI was thinking of going to the University Library to do a bit of study.A. Id wonder B. I was wondering C. Id wondered D. Ill wonder-I _ that youd wear yo
15、ur new dress. Its much prettier.-But this one is more comfortable for warm weather.A. have hoped B. was hoping C. will hope D. would hope现在完成时(The present Perfect Tense)1. 结构: have (has) +过去分词2.用法: 1). 现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态, 通常用于延续性动词. 常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如:so far, up to now, recently, in the pas
16、t 6 years, since,for 等等I have lived in Tianjin for 6 years.2).表示发生在过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有: just ,already, yet, ever, never, once 等等.We have finished our lunch already.Have you ever tried this method?用于现在完成时的状语：already, just, yet, before, ever, recently, lately, so far, up till now, in the past
17、few years, over the last two days etc. 比较一般过去时与现在完成时1). 一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态, 不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。My family lived in Zhuhai ten years ago.（现在不在了)My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years.(目前还在珠海)2). 过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，或无时间状语. I studi
18、ed in Tianjin University in 2006. (2006 年表示具体的过去时间）I have studied in Tianjin University since 2006. (since 2006 表示从 2006 年至今,包括现在在内)I have just bought a bike. (just 表示不确定的时间状语）In 1863, U.S. President Abraham Lincoln declared a national Thanksgiving Day. Thanksgiving _ celebrated annually in America
19、ever since.A. has been B. was C. had been D. isIt is reported that in concern over more terrorist attacks setting back the peace process.A. always results B. always result C. has always resulted D. have always resultedSo far his scientific team _ little evidence to suggest that the caves might be da
20、ngerous.A. has produced B. produced C. hasnt produced D. did not produceIt _several months since I _in this company.A. is; arrivedB. was; had arrived C. has been; have arrived D. had been; arrived！注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。I have received his letter for a month. （错） I havent recei
21、ved his letter for almost a month. （对）过去完成时 (The past perfect Tense)1.结构: had + 过去分词 2.概念：表示过去的过去 过去完成时和一般过去时过去完成时：表示过去某一时刻之前已开始并持续到该时刻的动作或状态表示过去某时刻前的习惯或反复的动作表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或经历，而且其影响在该时刻仍然存在具有过去的时间参照点一般过去时：表示与现在无关、发生在过去的某个动作或状态。She _ her consciousness when the rescuers found her in the snow and save
22、d her just in time.A. was losing B. lost C. had been losing D. had lost-It must have been lots of fun riding round the country in your new car.-Yes, until yesterday I _ to a city outside Shanghai in a car of my own. A. have never gone B. had never been C. have never been D. had never goneThe flowers
23、 were so lovely that they _in no time.A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sellSeveral minor earthquakes _ a day after the earthquake on Monday night.A. occurred B. had occurred C. were occurring D. had been occurring 现在完成进行时与过去完成进行时的比较：相同点：都表示动作的过程不同点：现在完成进行时：表示过去某一时刻开始，持续到现在的动作。过去完成进行时：表示过去某一时刻开始，持续到过去某一时刻的动作。You have got a headache, havent you ? You_ in front of that computer too long.A. had worked B. have been working C. are working D. work
