1、中考总复习之英语常见时态,时 态,一、定义：在英语中， 发生的 动作要用不同的动词形式来表 示，这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。,不同时间,二、时态的种类：初中常见的9种时态,Exercise,Who _(dance) best in your class?2. Students usually _(have) ten minutes rest between two classes.,dances,have,概念：,常用时间状语 ：,构成形式 ：,1.一般现在时态( The Simple Present Tense),表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或状态。,do / does(三单),every
2、 day, always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, three times a day , etc,我一到达那儿，就会给你写信。 ,一般现在时的注意点:,1 、表客观事实或普遍真理,The earth _ (go) round the sun .,2 、 在when ,as soon as, until, after, before等到引导的时间状语从句和if 引导的条件状语从句中, 用一般现在时表示将来.,If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go on a picnic .,goes,如果明天不下雨，我们将去
3、野营。 ,Ill write to you as soon as I get there .,Exercise,1.I _(find) my ruler in my desk .,found,2.We and _(see) lots of birds _(fly) over the trees.,flying,saw,five minutes ago,looked up,概念：,常用时间状语 ：,构成形式 ：,2. 一般过去时态(The Simple Past Tense),表示过去某个时间发生的动 作或存在的状态,V+ed,yesterday, just now, last , this m
4、orning, ago, etc,一般过去时的注意点:,1、当没有明显的时间状语时,描述几个相继发生过的动作,I always got up too late , washed my face , had a quick breakfast and hurried to school .,2、since从句中常用一般过去时,You havent changed much since we last _(meet) .,met,Exercise,will be,The radio says that it _(be)sunny tomorrow.,概念：,常用时间状语 ：,构成形式 ：,表示将来
5、某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,tomorrow, in three days，this, next, soon, etc.,1. will+do /be 2. am/is/are going to+do 3. am/is/are + doing,3.一般将来时态(The Simple Future Tense),Look at the dark clouds, it _rain.Tomorrow _ be April Fools Day.,一般将来时的注意点:,will,is going to,4. 过去将来时态,My uncle told me that my aunt was goin
6、g to have a child the next month. My friends told me that they would have a great party for me. They would trek through the jungle the next day. 过去将来时态用法： 用于宾语从句中，当主句中是过去时态时，从句中的一般将来时就变成过去将来时。 立足于过去言将来；,(2008台州中考) - Hi , Mary . Where is your father? - Look, He _his car over there. washes B. is washi
7、ng C. will wash D. has been washed,Exercise,5. 现在进行时态( The Present Continuous Tense ),概念：,常用时间状语 ：,表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作,now,listen,look, right now, these days, at this moment,etc,am/is/are+doing,构成形式 ：,现在进行时的注意点:,2. 表达状态、感情和感觉的动词不能用进行时。 如：中know, be, want, think, see, hear, like, hope, love, have,1. 在表达时，
8、切记不要忘了be 动词。am/is/are doing,(2008衢州中考) - Why didnt you come and open the door for me, dear? - Sorry, Jack. I _ in the kitchen and didnt hear you. was cooking B. am cooking C. wave cooked D. will cook,Exercise,概念：,常用时间状语 ：,构成形式 ：,6. 过去进行时态(The Past Continuous Tense),表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。,was/were+do
9、ing,at this time yesterday, from seven to nine last night, at that moment, etc When引导的时间状语从句 I was reading a book when Jim called. c. While 引导的时间状语从句 The UFO took off while the man was taking photos.,过去进行时的注意点:,在when , while引导的时间状语从句中, 表示主从句中两个动作同时发生时, 用过去进行时表示 .,1. When my father got home, I _ a le
10、tter to my friend. (2008宁波中考) write B. am writing C. wrote D. was writing,2. _Jim was making a paper plane , his brother was doing homework.(对比）,While,较长的动作,Exercise,1. He _(finish) writing the book, hasnt he?,has finished,2. (2008绍兴中考)- You seem to know much about the city.- Thats true. I _ it thre
11、e times.A. visited B. had visited C. have visited D. will visit,A.概念：,构成形式 ：,7. 现在完成时态(The Present Perfect Tense),发生在过去且对现在仍有影响的动作,强调对现在的影响.,have /has +done,1. Can you go to the movies with me tonight? Sorry, I cant. I havent finished my homework yet.,2.- I have learned how to make dumplings before.
12、 I can teach you how to make them. -Great! When did you learn it? -I learned it when I was 8 years old.,常用时间状语 ：,already, just, before, yet, never, ever,etc.,B. 1.表示某个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，有可能在将来还要延续。 2. 主语+has/have +done+for/sinceI have taught English for 21 years.since 1992since I graduated from the univ
13、ersity. He has been away from his home for 40 years. 3. 动词必须为可延续性动词 leave=be away from begin=be on arrive=be in borrow=keep buy=have ,C. 1. Has /have +been to(曾经到过某地，人已回来) I have been to Hangzhou many times.2. Has/have+ gone to(去了某地，人在路上或在目的地） Where is Mr.Green? He has gone to London.,现在完成时的注意点:,1.
14、have been to , have been in 和 have gone to 的区别,2. 短暂性动词和持续性动词,1).Tom _never_ to America 2).- Is Tina at home? - Sorry, she _ Shanxi, and she _there for three days.,译下列句子：,、这本书他买了一年了4、 这本书他借了三天了。5、我们离开广州六年了。,He has bought this book for a year .,He has had this book for a year .,He has borrowed the bo
15、ok for three days .,He has kept the book for 3 days .,We have left Guangzhou for 6 years .,We have been away from Guangzhou for 6 years .,短暂性动词不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用, 必须转变成持续性动词,D.常见句型 It is +一段时间+ since 从句(一般过去时).,It is three days since they borrowed that book.,Exercise,had had,She told me that she_ (have)
16、this bike for three years.,概念：,常用时间状语 ：,构成形式 ：,8.过去完成时: (The Past PerfectTense),主语+ had done,by the end of last year, by, before +过去的时间点；由when, before, after, by the time等引导的状语丛句中，表示主句的动作发生在从句之前。,表示在过去某一时刻前已完成的动作。也称“过去的过去”,过去完成时的注意点:,用于宾词从句中，当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,一定要注意宾语从句中的时态变化。,He said that he _the film
17、 many times.,had seen,9. 现在完成进行时态 S+has/have being +done We have being learned English for an hour.,Exercise,1.The volleyball match will be put off if it .A . will rain B. rains C .rained D. is raining,2.-Do you want to see the film “Harry Potter ”?-The film “Harry Potter ”? I _ it . Its very wonder
18、ful. (2008黄岗中考) A.see B.have seen C.was seeing D.has seen,3.The boy _(not swim) in the river yet.,hasnt swum,5.-Where is Liu Mei? - She_(go) home.,4.- Where is your father? - He _ (watch) TV in the room.,7.He asked what they_(do)at eight last night.,were doing,8.I know that he _(join) the army in198
19、5.,joined,6.We dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow. If it _ (rain) tomorrow, well not go for a picnic.,is watching,will rain,rains,has gone,9 .Hes not hungry. He_ just_ (have) lunch.,11.-_the Blacks _(visit) the Great Wall before?-Yes , they_.-When _they _(visit) it?-Only a month ago.,10. Im sure he _(
20、work) it out in one hour.,has,will work,Have,had,visited,have,did,visit,12.He_(look) out of the window when the match_(begin).,was looking,began,II.动词时态要点说明,(参见复习指导P4146),III.动词时态专项突破及应试对策,专项突破：1 ,慧眼识别标志词,Eg.( )1，-Shall we go shopping now?- Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts.A, wash B, washes C, am washin
21、g D, washed.,( )2, “ Hero” is a wonderful movie. I _ it twice already.A,will see B, see C, saw D, have seen.,特别提醒：敏锐捕捉时间标志词，并结合具体的语境，选择出正确的动词时态，是解决此类问题的良策。请同学们熟记各种常用时态所对应的时间状语及标志词。,C,D,2，主从时态须呼应如果所给的题干是主从复合句，可根据主从时态呼应原则确定正确的时态,Eg.( )1，I _ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow.A, will return B, retu
22、rned C, have returned D, return,( )2,- Did you see Tom at the party?- No, he _ by the time I got there.A, left B, was leaving C, had left D, has left,特别提醒：近年来中考试题在考查主从句的时态呼应时，常将其放在实际的语境中考查。在解题时，希望同学们把握好主从复合句的用法。,A,C,3，瞻前顾后巧搭配 利用上下文所提供的信息，瞻前顾后，选择正确的动词形式。,Eg.( )1，- How was your weekend on the farm?- G
23、reat! We _ with the farmer.A,enjoy ourselves. B, went fishing C, will work D, make friends,这种情况也非常适用“用所给词适当形式填空”中。2,-What are you doing , Jim?- I _ (draw) a beautiful horse.3, I _(hear)a sound and got up.,B,am drawing,heard,4， 细心体会用语境 近年来各地中考对动词时态考查的要求越来越高，有的趋向于不出现时间状语，而向情景化、实际化方向发展。因此，细心体会所给的语境，根据具体的语境来选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题。,Eg.( ) 1,-Tom, _ you _ smoking?- Yes. Now drinking tea is my favorite.A, will ,stop B, did, stop C, would stop D, have stopped.,( )2, - Youve left the light on.- Oh, sorry. _ and turn it off.A, Ive gone B, Ill go C, I went D, Im going.,D,B,
