1、题组4时文报道,专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练,A(2017天津一中4月考)Rome，Paris and New York are the worlds top fashion cities，all of which have produced some of the top trends，from fashionable skirts to the hottest new shoes.But have you ever wondered about the negative ideas that they have enforced?In April 2016，the Advertising
2、Standards Authority (ASA) in Britain banned an ad from Gucci that featured models dancing around and having fun，because they were all extremely skinny.Banning ads due to the models extreme figures isnt new.The ASA banned an ad in 2015 for the same reason.,In France，it has been ruled that models are
3、to provide a doctors note proving that they are at a healthy weight.So what is the healthy weight for models？Twenty years ago，the average fashion model weighed 8% less than the average woman.Today，they weigh 23% less.People may think that being at an unhealthy weight will help them gain the benefits
4、 that the models do.This provides a standard for beauty，and therefore people who want to achieve those things may attempt to obtain them through unhealthy ways.People may think they are overweight，due to the images of models thin figures.They see something wrong with their bodies，,whether they are o
5、verweight or not.This is a key factor in a lowered body image，low self-esteem，depression and possibly even eating disorders. Im not blaming the fashion industry by any means.Its not their fault that many people look up to the models and expect to live a life like theirs.I am glad that ASA is raising
6、 its voices when discussing the growing issue of body images in the fashion industry.By banning the photos and videos，speaking out against them and pushing for doctors notes from the models，its pushing for the idea that the traditional fashion industrys body image demands should be changed and somet
7、hing more needs to be questioned.,语篇解读模特极瘦的形象带来了很多负面影响，英国广告标准局禁播了一条Gucci的时装广告，希望由此能树立模特身体形象新标准。,1.One of Guccis ads was banned mainly because .A.its models are much too thinB.none of its models had a doctors noteC.models didnt act according to the rulesD.its models were dancing in an unhealthy way,解
8、析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In April 2016，the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) in Britain banned.，because they were all extremely skinny.”可知，2016年4月，英国广告标准局(ASA)因模特太瘦从而禁播了一条 Gucci 的时装广告，故选A。,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,5,解析推理判断题。根据第三段提供的数字分析可知，与二十年前时装模特的平均体重相比，今天她们的平均体重变得更轻了，从而说明了：随着时间的推移，模特们变得越来越瘦了，故选C。,2.The numbers m
9、entioned in Paragraph 3 show that .A.people dont know why models weigh lessB.many women are on a diet to become modelsC.models are becoming thinner with time going byD.the healthy weight for models hasnt been decided,答案,解析,2,1,4,5,3,3.What does the fourth paragraph mainly show?A.The negative effects
10、 of models images.B.Peoples attitude towards models images.C.The benefits of becoming thin figures.D.The changes in the standard of beauty.,答案,解析,2,1,4,5,3,解析段落大意题。文中第四段主要讲述了模特极瘦的形象对人们造成的一些不好的影响，如一些人可能会认为不健康的体重会帮助他们获取模特们所获得的一些利益。由于人们将模特不健康的体重作为审美的标准，所以不管自己是否超重，他们总觉得自己的身体有问题，因此，这就使得他们损毁了身体形象，变得缺少自尊心，
11、得了抑郁症，甚至可能造成饮食失调，故选A。,2,1,4,5,3,4.The possible purpose of the ASAs measures is to .A.change the fortune models are faced withB.set up new standards of models body imagesC.criticize the traditional standards for modelsD.encourage more people to live a life like models,解析推理判断题。根据第四段讲到了模特极瘦的形象所带来的负面影响可
12、知，英国广告标准局(ASA)采取措施的可能目的是：改变模特极瘦的身体形象，即树立模特身体形象新标准，故选B。,答案,解析,2,1,4,5,3,5.What is the authors tone of writing this passage?A.Critical. B.Humorous.C.Objective. D.Hopeful.,解析观点态度题。通读全文以及根据最后一段中的“Im not blaming the fashion industry by any means.(我并不是在指责时装界。)”可知，作者报道的是实际存在的现象，故作者是以客观的口吻来撰写这篇文章的，故选C。,答案,解
13、析,2,1,4,5,3,B(2017五校联考二模)Khan Lab School in Silicon Valley is bringing back the one-room model to teach young students in Mountain View，California.The school is a laboratory for an experimental kind of learning.Students aged 5 to 15 attend the experimental Khan Lab School.It has no grade levels and
14、no homework.The students are in school from 8：30 in the morning until six oclock at night.And the school is open all year long with small breaks here and there.The school is the idea of Salman Khan，the founder of Khan Academyfamous for its online educational videos free of charge.,Khan said he start
15、ed Khan Lab School because he thinks the current education system has problems.He hopes to create a better learning model.He said this system lets the older students take responsibility and help younger students.That means the younger children get a lot of help.They get the help of the teachers and
16、the older students.Meanwhile，students also learn the study materials at their own speed through videos.And they get more attention through one-on-one discussions with teachers.They also learn by doing projects.,The schools director，Dominic Liechti，said this way of learning better prepares students f
17、or the future.He said the duties of a teacher need to change from leading the class to being someone who guides students in their learning，and provides individual support.A teacher is also a life-long learner，he said，not just someone who gives presentations.Twelve-year-old girl，Mishal Junaid，express
18、ed her experience：“When I wake up in the morning，I want to wake up，unlike my last school where I want to sleep and not go to school.”,语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。主要讲了当国内创业者都争相通过互联网解决教育行业存在的问题时，硅谷的先驱者们却开始办起了线下学校。,解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He hopes to create a better learning model.”可知，Khan希望创造一个更好的学习模式，故选B。,6.Why did S
19、alman Khan set up the school?A.To introduce Mountain View.B.To create a better learning model.C.To reform current education system.D.To apply his online educational videos.,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,7.Whats the unique feature of Lab School?A.It prepares students for their future.B.Students perform better in
20、the tests.C.Students dont belong to a certain grade.D.It calls on teachers to care more about students.,解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It has no grade levels and no homework.”可知，这个学校没有分年级，也没有作业，故选C。,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,解析细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Meanwhile，students also learn the study materials at their own speed through vide
21、os.”可知，学生按照自己的速度通过录像学习，故选D。,8.In Lab School，we know students can .A.give advice to older studentsB.discuss with the teachers at any timeC.teach themselves what they likeD.learn according to their own case,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,9.What do we know about the teachers in this school?A.They provide support pri
22、vately.B.They need to learn constantly.C.They shouldnt give presentations.D.They need to be trained as guides.,解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“A teacher is also a life-long learner，he said，not just someone who gives presentations.”可知，老师是一个终身学习者，不仅仅是给学生呈现知识，故选B。,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,10.What can we learn from the under
23、lined sentence from the last paragraph?A.The girl has grown up.B.The girl often misses classes.C.The school is appealing to the girl.D.The school looks different from others.,解析句意猜测题。根据画线句子可知，女孩愿意早起去上学，而不是像在原来的学校一样不愿意醒来，不愿意去上学，也就是说这个新学校对她有吸引力，故选C。,答案,解析,7,8,6,9,10,C(2017天津十二所重点中学联考)Great white shark
24、s，the worlds largest predatory(食肉的) fish，eat three to four times more food than previously thought，an Australian study shows.The U.S.research from the 1980s estimated a meal of 30 kilograms could make a one-ton shark continue living for more than six weeks.That made assumptions that large sharks cou
25、ld survive long periods without eating. However，a University of Tasmania-led study published this week in Scientific Reports found that 30kg was only enough for 1215 days.,Researchers tagged(给附上标签) a dozen great white sharks at Neptune Islands off South Australia and calculated their metabolic(新陈代谢的
26、) rate based on swimming speeds.They worked out how much energy the sharks burned and how much food they required. “Their metabolic rate is faster than we assumed.” Jayson Semmens was the lead author on the study.He said，“They (U.S.researchers) picked a shark that probably wasnt working very hard at
27、 the time when they did it.At the time it was a new study.They did some metabolic work similar to what we did but on one shark.”,“The white sharks，which we tagged，are working pretty hard.Theyre coming up to some pretty high speed to catch the seals，” he said.“Their metabolic rate is much faster than
28、 what we had assumed.These animals are probably going to be feeding every day，rather than several weeks.” The research also sought to improve understanding of how sharks fit into the ocean ecosystem.,“We dont have a good handle on the population sizes of white sharks.We know that sharks in general a
29、re under pressure around the world from overfishing，” Semmens said.“Furthermore，theyre long-lived.They reproduce late in their life and they produce a small number of babies.”,Semmens said the effects of removing white sharks from the ocean were thus far more important than realized.“Theyre keeping
30、under control a lot more animals than we thought，” he said.,语篇解读大白鲨是世界上最大的食肉性鱼类。本文介绍了一项关于大白鲨的最新研究。,解析细节理解题。由第三段“That made assumptions that large sharks could survive long periods without eating.”可知答案为D。,11.The U.S.research made people believe that .A.large sharks could live without eating meatB.shar
31、ks gained several kilograms in six weeksC.a one-ton shark needed to eat 30kg every mealD.large sharks could live without eating for several weeks,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,12.What is Semmens attitude towards U.S.researchers job?A.Uninterested. B.Surprised.C.Objective. D.Satisfied.,解析观点态度题。由第七段中Semmens所说的
32、话“They (U.S.researchers) picked a shark that probably wasnt working very hard at the time when they did it.At the time it was a new study.They did some metabolic work similar to what we did but on one shark.”可推知他对美国研究者所做的工作持客观态度，故选C。,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,13.The sharks metabolic rate calculated by th
33、e two research groups is different probably because .A.they used different research methodsB.they studied sharks of different sizesC.the sharks they used for research were of different speciesD.the sharks they used for research swam at different speeds,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,解析推理判断题。由第五段中的“calculated
34、their metabolic(新陈代谢的) rate based on swimming speeds”及第七段中的“picked a shark that probably wasnt working very hard”和倒数第四段中的“The white sharks，which we tagged，are working pretty hard.Theyre coming up to some pretty high speed to catch the seals， he said.”可推知答案为D。,12,13,11,14,15,解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“theyre l
35、ong-lived”及“they produce a small number of babies”可排除B、D两项，由倒数第四段中的“Theyre coming up to some pretty high speed to catch the seals”可排除C项。由最后三段讲述大白鲨对海洋生态系统的影响可知A项正确。,14.What do you know about white sharks?A.They play an important role in ocean ecosystem.B.They can produce a large number of babies.C.Th
36、ey swim more slowly than seals.D.They live a short life.,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,15.The authors purpose of writing the text is most likely to .A.inform B.persuadeC.describe D.entertain,解析写作意图题。本文为说明文，介绍了一项关于大白鲨的最新研究。故答案为A。,答案,解析,12,13,11,14,15,D(2017天津十二区县二模)The new study shows that we spend more time
37、using the mobile Internet than reading newspapers or magazines.According to the European Interactive Advertising Association (EIAA)，the average European spends 4.8 hours reading newspapers and magazines but 1.6 hours more using the mobile Internet a week.,The EIAA questioned 15,000 people in 15 Euro
38、pean countries，looking at how people are using the Internet and its influence on their everyday lives.It has found that the mobile Internet is increasingly finding its way into the public awareness.Over 71 million Europeans now have Internet access on their mobile phones.In the UK,10 million people
39、now access the Internet through their mobile phones and spend 6.3 hours doing so in a week.Unsurprisingly younger generations in the UK are leading the way，with nearly half of the countrys 16-to-24-year-olds and a quarter of 25-to-34-year-olds using the mobile Internet，spending 6.5 and 6.2 hours onl
40、ine each week.,Entertainment plays a major role in our mobile Internet lives，with one in five British people using their phones for online games，a third listening to the online radio and 39 percent watching films，TV or other videos at least once a week.One third of those using an Internet phone said
41、 they received videos，images or other multimedia on their mobile，and 61 percent said they passed on contents they received.From a communication point of view,80 percent of those questioned agreed that the Internet had made it easier for them to stay in touch with friends and family.,Alison Fennah，di
42、rector of the EIAA，said the mobile Internet use had come to the point that marketers should be looking to develop strategies that connect with consumers more effectively.“Better devices as well as improved consumer motivation that start coming together in 2011 can make a great difference to extendin
43、g the online experience，” Fennah said.,语篇解读本文主要讲的是一项研究表明人们现在在移动互联网上花的时间比在阅读报纸和杂志上花的时间多，另外该研究还调查了互联网对他们日常生活的影响。,解析数字计算题。根据第一段中的“.the average European spends 4.8 hours reading newspapers and magazines but 1.6 hours more using the mobile Internet a week.”可知，欧洲人每周平均花费4.8小时读报和看杂志，但是多花1.6小时使用移动互联网，4.81.66
44、.4，故选B。,16.How long does a European spend on the mobile Internet per week according to the EIAA?A.6.2 hours. B.6.4 hours.C.4.8 hours. D.1.6 hours.,答案,解析,17,18,16,19,20,17.What do the underlined words “doing so” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Reading papers and magazines.B.Playing computer games.C.Watchin
45、g films online.D.Using the mobile Internet.,解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“In the UK,10 million people now access the Internet through their mobile phones”(在英国现在有一千万人通过手机连接互联网)可知，这里的“doing so”指的是“使用移动互联网”，故选D。,答案,解析,17,18,16,19,20,18.What do people mainly use the mobile Internet for?A.Communication. B.Study.C.A
46、musement. D.Advertising.,答案,解析,解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“Entertainment plays a major role in our mobile Internet lives.”(娱乐在移动互联网生活中扮演着主要角色)可知，选C。,17,18,16,19,20,19.It can be known from the passage that .A.more than half of the young people in the UK use the mobile InternetB.the Internet is the most effect
47、ive way to stay in touch with friends and familyC.the UK has the largest number of people who use the mobile Internet in EuropeD.better devices and improved consumer motivation help extend the online experience,答案,解析,17,18,16,19,20,解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Better devices as well as improved consumer motivat
48、ion that start coming together in 2011 can make a great difference to extending the online experience.”可知，选D。,17,18,16,19,20,20.The author wrote the passage to tell us .A.how to use mobile phones to surf the InternetB.newspapers and magazines will disappear soonC.mobile surfing now is more popular than readingD.how the Internet influences our daily life,答案,解析,解析写作意图题。本文主要讲的是一项研究表明人们现在在移动互联网上花的时间比在阅读报纸和杂志上花的时间多，另外该研究还调查了互联网对他们日常生活的影响，故选C。,17,18,16,19,20,
