1、基础自主梳理考点分层突破单元能力提升,Unit 3,Inventors and inventions,基础自主梳理考点分层突破当堂跟踪检测,【单词回顾】分类识记 拓展运用 一、基础识记词汇 .填一填(基础会书写) 1._vi.(水)龙头,基础自主梳理,file,distinguish,product,bear,seize,tap,7._adj. 稳固的;稳定的;安定的 8._adj. 实际的;实践的;实用的 9._adj. 被动的;消极的;被动语态的,基础自主梳理,practical,stable,passive,.填一填(阅读识其义) 1.patent n._ 2.criterion (pl
2、. criteria) n._ 3.valid adj._ 4.string n._ 5.greengrocer n. _ 6.current n._adj._ petence n._,基础自主梳理,线;绳子;一串,(评判的)标准;尺度,专利证书;专利权,蔬菜水果商,有效的;确凿的,(水或气)流;电流,现在的;当前的,能力;胜任;本领,8.extension n._ 9.version n._ 10.personnel n._,基础自主梳理,版本;译本,电话分机;扩大;延伸,人力资源;人事部;全体人员,.用一用(语境推意) 1.2018天津卷 The global population is
3、expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 per cent to maintain current levels._ 2. 2018全国卷 In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our
4、 future professions and, eventually, to our lives._ 3. 2016全国卷 They told her to stay still until the emergency personnel arrived, but she thought the car was going to explode. _,基础自主梳理,目前的,现在的,标准,救援人员,二、核心拓展词汇 .填一填(掌握书写) 1._adj.便利的;方便的;就近的_n. 方便;便利 2._n. 预料;预期_vt. 期望;预期 3._vt. 联想;联系 n. 同伴;伙伴_n.联系;协会
5、;社团 4._n. 小心;谨慎_adj.小心的;谨慎的_adv.小心地;谨慎地 5._adj. 宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的_n. 宽大;仁慈,基础自主梳理,expect,convenience,convenient,associate,expectation,association,caution,cautious,cautiously,merciful,mercy,6._adj. 冰冻的;严寒的_ v. 冰冻_adj. 冻结的 7._adj. 清白的;无罪的;天真的_n. 天真;清白 8._adj. 突然的;意外的_adv. 突然地;唐突地 9._adj. 被动的;消极的;被动语态的_(反义词)
6、 10. occasionally adv.偶然地;不时地_adj.偶然的_n.时机;机会;场合,基础自主梳理,innocence,freezing,freeze,innocent,frozen,abrupt,abruptly,passive,active,occasional,occasion,.用一用(境中提升) 1. 2018浙江卷书面表达 I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer for our school English_(associate). 2. “Leigh,” he said,_(seize) my arm to ho
7、ld me back. 3.The train stopped_(abrupt),nearly tipping me out of my bunk. 4.The secretary arranged a(n)_(convenience) time and place for the applicants to have an interview.,基础自主梳理,convenient,seizing,association,abruptly,5. Your suggestion sounds reasonable and_(practice).I think it deserves to be
8、discussed at the next meeting. 6.In some schools, overcrowding makes school life even harder_(bear). 7.2016浙江卷 In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your_(expect).,基础自主梳理,practical,to bear,expectations,【记一记】词不离群,基础自主梳理,1.表示“抓住”的相关词语 seize vt.抓住;捉住 catch vt.抓住;接住 grasp vt.抓住;掌握 c
9、atch hold of 抓住 get hold of 抓住 2.后缀是-ive的态度形容词 passive 被动的 active 主动的 positive 积极的 negative 消极的 subjective 主观的,【短语扫描】归纳积累 一网打尽 .填一填(掌握书写) 动词+介/副词 1.call_给打电话;使回忆起 2.set_开始;着手 3.get_设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过 4.dive_迅速把手伸入;一心投入 5.set_(to do) 开始(做),基础自主梳理,about,up,out,through,into,6.hang_不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住;坚持 7
10、.ring_回复电话 8.ring_挂断电话 介词+名词 9.out_order 次序颠倒;发生故障 其他 10.now_then 偶尔;有时,基础自主梳理,on,off,back,of,and,.用一用(境中提升) 选用以上短语填空 1.2016江苏卷 It is often the case that anything is possible for those who_to hope. 2.Having made up his mind, he_carrying out the plan. 3. 2016全国卷书面表达 We can_early so that well have mor
11、e time to read and select books. 4. The smell of the sea_memories of her childhood. 5.2017全国卷 I wish I knew the times of the trains to London. But our phones_.,基础自主梳理,set out,hang on,set about,called up,out of order,【记一记】词不离群,基础自主梳理,1. “有时”词汇全接触 now and then偶尔;有时 now and again不时;时而 from time to time
12、不时 2.表示“开始/着手做某事”的短语精选 get down to doing sth set out to do sth set about doing sth settle down to sth start/begin doing/to do sth 3.“v.+into”结构的短语荟萃 dive into一心投入 burst into 突然闯入 run into撞上 look into调查;往里看 knock into撞上 break into破门而入,you will have something worth,基础自主梳理,【句式再现】攻克句型 对接高考,Please be her
13、e,and you are to be interested in paper-cutting,基础自主梳理,Being very stable,Being poor,distinguish vt.辨别 经典例句 (1)教材原句P20 Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西,既可以把蛇抓住,又不会伤害到它们。 (2)For example,
14、these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad.例如,这些机器人能够辨别人们是开心还是难过。,核心词汇,归纳拓展 distinguishfrom 把与区分开来 distinguish between A and B 区分A与B distinguish oneself (as) (作为而)出名 distinguished adj. 卓越的;杰出的;著名的 be distinguished for 因而闻名/著称 be distinguished as 作为而闻名/著称,【名师指津】 表示“把区分开”或“与
15、不同”之意的表达还有: tellfrom;tellapart;differ from;be different from;vary from等。 即学即练 (1)单句语法填空 There is something about music that distinguishes it_ all other art forms. I see youve been distinguishing_(you) at school. I have had a lot of complaints_your behaviour.,from,yourself,about,Honestly speaking, I
16、admire your_(distinguish) achievements. (2)单句改错 Wei Yuan was distinguished as Records and Maps of the World. _ (3) 链接写作 句式升级 He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head of the economic school. _(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子),distinguished,asfor,Distinguished for his knowledge of ec
17、onomics,he was elected as head of the economic school.,2 seize vt.抓住;捉住;夺 经典例句 (1)教材原句P21 Pressed by my friends and relations,I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office. 由于朋友和亲戚的敦促,我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去,使我这次成功的想法得到认可。 (2)S
18、he was seized with a sudden desire to laugh, at a most unsuitable moment in the performance.在演出最不该笑的时候,她突然想笑。,归纳拓展 seize/grasp a chance/an opportunity to do/of doing抓住机会做某事 seize sb by the+身体部位 抓住某人的 be seized with/be infected by 受到侵袭,【名师指津】 seize作“(疾病) 侵袭”讲时常用于被动语态中,构成“be seized with”结构,意为“感染疾病;受侵袭
19、”。 He was seized with sudden chest pains. 他突然感到胸部疼痛。,即学即练 单句语法填空 (1)Above all, we must seize every opportunity_ (improve) our operational efficiency. (2)Here came the disturbing news that he_(seize) with an illness while he was writing his essay.,to improve,was seized,3 bear vt. 忍受;忍耐;负担;结果实;生育 n. 熊
20、 经典例句 (1)教材原句P24 I cannot bear the smell of sausage burnt on the barbecue. 我无法忍受香肠在烤架上被烧焦的味道。 (2)The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly. 这头熊又瘦又小,漫无目的地游荡着。 (3)His efforts finally bore fruit and the permission was granted. 他的努力终于有了结果, 请求得到了批准。,归纳拓展 bear to do/doing sth 忍受做某事 bear sb to do sth 容
21、忍某人做某事 cant bear doing/to do sth 不能忍受做某事 bear a heavy burden 肩负重担 bear responsibility/the blame 承担责任/受责备 bear/keepin mind 记住 bear/keep in mind that 记住 cant stand/tolerate 无法忍受 put up with 容忍,【名师指津】 bear表示“忍受”时其后可跟doing sth,表示习惯性动作,也可跟to do sth,表示某一次具体的动作,且多与 can, could,be able to连用。 I cant bear havi
22、ng a cat in the house. 我受不了家中养猫。 I cant bear to see you like this. 我不忍见你这样。,即学即练 (1)语境语法填空 _(bear) a heavy burden, Mr White works hard every day.He cant bear _(raise) any pets at home.He makes his son keep in mind_he should bear _(responsible) for his own behaviour. (2)完成句子 你应该牢记只有一心投入工作,你才能把它做好。 Yo
23、u should_only if you dive into your work can you do it well.,Bearing,raising,that,responsibility,bear in mind that,4 associate vt.联想;联系 n.伙伴;同事;同伴 经典例句 (1)教材原句P26 Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone,he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to
24、 improve the quality of everybodys life. 虽然人们常把他与电话的发明联系起来,但他的确是一位永不停息的探索家,不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的可行的方法。,(2)We associate piggy banks with children,but in many countries,the little containers are also popular with adults. 我们把存钱罐跟孩子联系在一起,但是在许多国家,这种小小的容器在大人中间也很受欢迎。,归纳拓展 associate sb/sth with sb/sth 把和联系在一起;由联想到
25、 be associated with 和有关 associate with sb 与某人交往或打交道 associate oneself with sth 声称或表示自己赞同某事物 association n. 联合;联想;交往;协会;团体 in association with 与合伙/合作,即学即练 (1)语境语法填空 David likes associating _others and making friends with them.He set up _association last year where people could exchange anything _(ass
26、ociate) with inventions and inventors freely. (2)单句改错 The fan collected a lot of information associating with his favourite stars. _,with,an,associated,associatingassociated,对点训练 语境语法填空Wang Yong 1._(distinguish) as one of the Annual Top Ten Policemen. Not 2._(bear) any criminal escaping punishment,
27、he has devoted himself to his work. So far he 3._ (seize) more than 2,000 robbers and thieves in his 20-year police career. Mr Wang is also a thoughtful man and he 4._(file) all the information 5._(associate) with the criminals he has caught. He tries to help them within his power if policies permit
28、. He regularly,bearing,is distinguished,has seized,has filed,associated,6._ (dial) the former prisoners asking about their performances. Sometimes, he goes to visit them in person, 7._(tap) their shoulders to encourage them to behave well.,dials,tapping,call up 给打电话;征召(服役);唤起;使回忆起 经典例句 (1)教材原句P20 Wh
29、en I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. 当我打电话给在乡下的母亲时,她显得非常焦躁不安。 (2)Ill be out for some time.In case anything important happens, call me up immediately. 我要出去一会儿。万一有重要的事情,立即给我打电话。,高频短语,归纳拓展 call at 拜访(某个地点) call off 取消;停止 call on/upon 拜访(某人);号召 call for 需求;需要;
30、去接(某人) 与打电话相关的短语: 打电话:give sb a ring/call;call up 回电话:ring back 挂断电话:ring off;hang up 别挂断电话:hang/hold on,即学即练 完成句子 (1)我还没有来得及插话,她就挂断了电话,我只好过会儿再打回去。 Before I could get in,_. (2)没有必要担心,我7点钟去接你。 There is no need to worry._.,she rang off/hung up,and I had to ring back later,I will call for you at seven
31、oclock,2 get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过;用完;耗尽 经典例句 (1)教材原句P26 I cant get through. 我打不通电话。 (2)This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through todays challenges. 对于一个新的探险或者只是完成今天的挑战来说,这是一个很好的建议。,归纳拓展 go through 检查;经历;通过 pass through 从中穿过;走过 look through 浏览;快速查看;透过看 see through 看穿;
32、识破 live through 活过(一段时间);经过后仍然活着 break through 突破(障碍),即学即练 写出下列句中get through的含义 (1)I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.( ) (2)I couldnt get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then. ( ) (3)Luckily, the gap in the fence was just wide enough
33、 for the sheep to get through. ( ) (4)The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mum for some more. ( ),设法做完,打通电话,通过,用完,对点训练 运用所学短语完成下列短文Recently my life is 1._(紊乱).I cant sleep well at night and have a headache 2._(时而).As a result, I cant 3._(完成) my schoolwork. At
34、last, I think of my good friend, Jack. I 4._(给他打电话) to ask for help and he gives me some useful advice. Following his advice, I become optimistic. And now, I 5._(开始) living a new life.I can 6._(一心投入) my research project.,out of order,now and then,call him up,get through,set about,dive into,1 Follow
35、it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. (教材P25) 跟随它,在它周围探索,不知不觉中,你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的大脑。 句型公式,重点句型,本句为“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型。祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句,经典例句 Work harder, and you will succeed in your studies. =Working harder, you will suc
36、ceed in your studies. =If you work harder, you will succeed in your studies. 如果你更加努力学习,在学习上你就会成功。,归纳拓展 “祈使句+and+陈述句”句型的变化形式: “名词短语+and+陈述句”结构,名词短语中通常含有more, another, further, earlier等词。 It is really very dangerous.One more step,and the baby will fall into the well. 真危险。再多迈一步,这个小孩儿就掉进井里了。,祈使句+or/othe
37、rwise+陈述句=Ifnot,+主句 or表示“否则;要不然的话”,or可用or else或otherwise替换,表示从反面来预测结果。 Study hard,or/otherwise youll fail in your exams. =If you dont study hard,youll fail in your exams. =You will fail in your exams unless you study hard. 努力学习,否则你会考试不及格。 【名师指津】 上述方框中各结构后面的陈述句多用一般将来时。,即学即练 单句语法填空 (1)Watch your step,
38、_you might fall into the water. (2)Stand on the top of the tower,_youll enjoy the scenery of the whole city.,otherwise/or,and,2 Being very stable, it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges. (教材P25)由于具有良好的稳定性,在桥梁设计中,它被证明是极其有用的。 句型公式,being very stable是现在分词短语,在句中作原因状语。“being+形容词/过去分词/副词/介词短语/名词
39、”通常在句中作原因状语,此结构一般放在句首,有时也可置于句尾。,经典例句 (1)Being unemployed, he hasnt got much money. 由于没有工作,他没有多少钱。 (2)The girl feels homesick, being away from home for the first time. 由于是第一次离开家,这个女孩想家了。,【名师指津】 上面句子中being的逻辑主语与句子的主语是一致的,如果不一致的话,就要给being加上自己的主语,构成独立主格结构。 School being over, you can hardly find any stud
40、ents there. 因为已放学,所以在那儿你几乎找不到任何学生。,即学即练 单句语法填空 (1)_(be) very shy, he couldnt ask her to go to the movies with him. (2)There_(be) no rain for months, all the crops are dying out.,Being,being,对点训练 语境改错 There were no customers at this hour, my mother closed her shop. Before long she appear in front of
41、me. A competition was to take the place the next day. Be very good at science subjects, I had a good chance of gaining high grades. Knowing that I would live up to her expectations, she still expected me to sleep well but refresh my mind before the competition. “Dont stay up too late, youll feel tir
42、ed tomorrow.”,There were no customers at this hour, my mother closed her shop. Before long she appear in front of me. A competition was to take theplace the next day. Be very good at science subjects, I had a good chanceof gaining high grades. Knowing that I would live up to her expectations, she st
43、ill expected me to sleep well but refresh my mind before the,being,appeared,Being,and,competition. “Dont stay up too late, youll feel tired tomorrow.”,or,.单句语法填空 1.He is always so busy with his work that he has no choice but to go to see his parents_(occasion). 2.I have filled in the form and_(file) my patent application with the patent office. 3.We all have an_(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week. 4.He took measures to make up for his fault, which received our_(recognize). 5.He is a_(practice) man and doesnt like empty talk.,
