1、2017 年 6 月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第 1 套 选词填空After becoming president of Purdue University in2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher educations most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates
2、 had shown that more than a third had made no 26 gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to_27_ the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is “very important“ has fallen 28
3、 in the last 5-6 years.Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students critical thinking skills. Yet like many college teachers around the U.S., the faculty remain _29_ that their work as educators can be measured by “learning 30 _ “ such as a graduates ability to investigate and reason. However, the
4、 professors need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use _31_ metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are wor
5、risome, and mostly _32_ earlier studies. The organizers of the experimentconcluded that far fewer students were achieving high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation. Americ
6、an universities, despite their global 33_ for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are still important, but employers are _34_ advanced thinking skills from college graduates. I
7、f the intellectual worth of a college degree can be _35_ measured, more people will seek higher educationand come out better thinkers.A. accurately B. confirm C. demanding D. doubtful E. drastically F. justify G. monopolized H. outcome I. predominance J. presuming K. reputation L. significantM. sign
8、ify N. simultaneously O. standardized答案：(26)L. significant (27)F. justify(28)E. drastically(29)D. doubtful(30)H. outcome(31)O. standardized(32)B. confirm(33)K. reputation(34)C. demanding(35)A. accurately2017 年 6 月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第 1 套 仔细阅读 2 篇Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. A
9、lthough many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online.Some communities have agreed to share onlinegeneticists, for example, post DNA sequence sat the GenBank repository (库) , and astronomers a
10、re accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some500 million objectsbut these remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently,
11、 good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging
12、scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to “shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as a private preserve“. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the sc
13、ientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them.Although calls to share d
14、ata often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic (利他的).Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. The most successful sharersthose whose data are downlo
15、aded and cited the most often-get noticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been downloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-chan
16、ge researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of timber. “Id much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions,“ she says. “Its important to allow readers and reviewers to se
17、e exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible.“Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined them
18、selves, thus avoiding confusion later on.46. What do many researchers generally accept?A. It is imperative to protect scientists patents.B. Repositories are essential to scientific research.C. Open data sharing is most important to medical science.D. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific adva
19、ncement.47. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public?A. Opposed.B. Ambiguous.C. Liberal.D. Neutral.48. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing?A. The fear of massive copying.B. The lack of a research culture.C. The belief that research data
20、is private intellectual property.D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.49. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?A. The ever-growing demand for big data.B. The advancement of digital technology.C. The changing attitude of journals and funders.D. The tre
21、nd of social and economic development.50. Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing _.A. is becoming increasingly popularB. benefits sharers and users alikeC. makes researchers successfulD. saves both money and laborPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macy
22、s reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international to
23、urist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macys has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories.The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on un
24、seasonably warm weather. “About 80% of our companys year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls (短缺) in cold-weather goods,“ said chief executive Teny Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter.However, its
25、clear that Macys believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏离) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions, thou
26、gh some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer “voluntary separation“ packages to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it wi
27、ll close in early 2016. The company had previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chains stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.Macys has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping.
28、It has plans to open more locations of Macys Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. Its also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are of
29、ten turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macys hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.One relative bright spot for Macys during the holiday season was the online channel, where it rang up “double-digit“ increases in sales and a 25% incr
30、ease in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday w
31、eekend.51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the U.S.?A. It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.B. It is a direct result of the global economic recession.C. It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.D. It poses a poten
32、tial threat to the retail business in the U.S.52. What does Macys believe about its problems?A. They can be solved with better management.B. They cannot be attributed to weather only.C. They are not as serious in its online stores.D. They call for increased investments.53. In order to cut costs, Mac
33、ys decided to _.A. cut the salary of senior executivesB. relocate some of its chain storesC. adjust its promotion strategiesD. reduce the size of its staff54. Why does Macys plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?A. To experiment on its new business concept.B. To focus more on beauty products than cloth
34、ing.C. To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D. To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.55. What can we learn about Macys during the holiday season?A. Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.B. Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C. It helped Bluemercury estab
35、lish its position worldwide.D. It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.Passage one46.D47.A48.C49.C50.BPassage two51.A52.B53.D54.D55.A2017 年 6 月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第 2 套 选词填空Half of your brain stays alert and prepared for danger when you sleep in a new place, a study has revealed. This pheno
36、menon is often _26_ to as the “first-night-effect“. Researchers from Brown University found that a network in the left hemisphere of the brain “remained more active“ than the network in the right side of the brain. Playing sounds into the right ears (stimulating the left hemisphere) of _27_ was more
37、 likely to wake them up than if the noises were played into their left ear.It was _28_ observed that the left side of the brain was more active during deep sleep. When the researchers repeated the laboratory experiment on the second and third nights they found the left hemisphere could not be stimul
38、ated in the same way during deep sleep. The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a _29_ environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against any _30_ danger.The researchers believe this is the first time that the “first-night-effect“ of
39、different brain states has been _31_ in humans. It isnt, however, the first time it has ever been seen. Some animal _32_ also display this phenomenon. For example, dolphins, as well as other _33_ animals, shut down one hemisphere of the brain when they go to sleep. A previous study noted that dolphi
40、ns always _34_ control their breathing. Without keeping the brain active while sleeping, they would probably drown. But, as the human study suggest, another reason for dolphins keeping their eyes open during sleep is that they can look out for _35_ while asleep. It also keeps their physiological pro
41、cesses working.A. Classified B. consciously C. dramatically D. exotic E. identified F. inherent G. marine H. novel I. potential J. predators K. referred L. species M. specifically N. varieties O. volunteers答案 (26)K. referred(27)O. volunteers(28)M. specifically(29)H. novel(30)I. potential(31)E. ident
42、ified(32)L. species(33)G. marine(34)B. consciously(35)J. predators2017 年 6 月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第 2 套 仔细阅读 2 篇Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.We live today indebted to McCardell, Cashin, Hawes, Wilkins, and Maxwell, and other women who liberated American fashion from the co
43、nfines of Parisian design. Independence came in tying, wrapping, storing, harmonizing, and rationalizing that wardrobe. These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other active wear outfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rat
44、ionalism and versatility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day. Fashion in America was logical and answerable to the will of the women who wore it. Implicitly or explicitly, American fashion addressed a democracy, whereas traditional Paris-based fashion was p
45、rescriptive and imposed on women, willing or not.In an earlier time, American fashion had also followed the dictates of Paris, or even copied and pirated specific French designs. Designer sportswear was not modeled on that of Europe, as “modem art“ would later be; it was genuinely invented and devel
46、oped in America. Its designers were not high-end with supplementary lines. The design objective and the business commitment were to sportswear, and the distinctive traits were problem-solving ingenuity and realistic lifestyle applications. Ease of care was most important: summer dresses and outfits,
47、 in particular, were chiefly cotton, readily capable of being washed and pressed at home. Closings were simple, practical, and accessible, as the modem woman depended on no personal maid to dress her. American designers prized resourcefulness and the freedom of women who wore the clothing.Many have
48、argued that the women designers of this time were able to project their own clothing values into a new style. Of course, much of this argument in the 1930s-40s was advanced because there was little or no experience in justifying apparel (服装) on the basis of utility. If Paris was cast aside, the trad
49、ition of beauty was also to some degree slighted. Designer sportswear would have to be verified by a standard other than that of pure beauty; the emulation of a designers life in designer sportswear was a crude version of this relationship. The consumer was ultimately to be mentioned as well, especially by the likes of Dorothy Shaver, who could point to the sales figures at Lord he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs a
