1、综合英语（一）下Lesson OneThe Story of an HourKate ChopinLearning Guide一位已婚女士闻其丈夫惨死于火车事故，不顾自己衰弱的心脏能否经受得住，当即入放声痛哭，随后又不顾亲友的劝告将自己锁在屋内。她推开窗子，迎来外面 雨后的一片春意盎然。那充满生机的景象突然唤醒了长期隐藏在她心底深处的愿望，她感到了身心从未有过的自由。正当她憧憬着未来的自由时1 They knew that Louise Mallard had a weak heart. So they broke the bad news gently. Her husband, Brent
2、ly, was dead.他们知道路易丝 马拉德的心脏不太好，所以把坏消息告诉她时非常小心。她的丈夫布伦特里死了。2 “There was a train accident, Louise,” said her sister Josephine, quietly.3 Her husbands friend, Richards, brought the news, but Josephine told the story. She spoke in broken sentences.4 “Richards was at the newspaper office. News of the acci
3、dent came. Louise Louise, Brentlys name was on the list. Brentlywas killed, Louise.”“出了一次火车事故，路易丝。” 姐姐约瑟芬轻声说道。带来消息的是她丈夫的朋友理查兹，但告诉她的是约瑟芬。约瑟芬在讲述时语不成句。“理查兹当时正在报社，消息传了过来。路易丝路易丝，死者的名单上有布伦特里的名字。布伦特里遇难了，路易丝。”5 Louise did not hear the story calmly, like some women would.She could not close her mind or her h
4、eart to the news. Like a sudden storm, her tears broke out. She cried, at once, loudly in her sisters arms. Then, just as suddenly, the tears stopped. She went to her room alone. She would not let anyone follow her.路易丝听到这个噩耗，没有像有些妇女所可能表现的那样平静。她不可能做到无动于衷。泪水像突如其来的暴雨，夺眶而出。她立时呼号起来，在姐姐的怀里放声大哭。随后她的泪水就像它们突
5、然来时的那样又突然止住了。她独自走进自己的房间，不让任何人跟着进去。6 In front of the window stood a large, comfortable armchair. Into this she sank and looked out of the window. She was physically exhausted after her tears. Her body felt cold; her mind and heart were empty.7 Outside her window she could see the trees. The air smell
6、ed like spring rain. She could hear someone singing far away. Birds sang near the house. Blue sky showed between the clouds. She rested.窗前放着一把又大又舒适的扶手椅。她疲惫地坐到椅子上，向窗外望去。哭过之后，她筋疲力尽。她浑身冰凉，脑子里和心里一片空白。窗外，她能看到一片树木，空气闻起来就像春雨过后。她还能听到远处有人在唱歌，房子附近也有鸟儿在歌唱，白云间露出一片片蓝天。她平静了下来。8 She sat quietly, but a few weak tea
7、rs still fell. She was young, with a fair, calm face that showed a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes. She looked out of the window at the blue sky. She was not thinking, or seeing. She was waiting.她静静地坐着，又有几滴泪水掉落下来。她很年轻，白皙安详的脸上显露出一种毅力。但此时此刻，她的眼神中没有一丝生气。她望着窗外的蓝天。她不是在想，也不是在看
8、，而是在等待。9 There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it with fear. What was it? She did not know. It was too subtle to name. But she felt it creeping out of the sky. It was reaching her through the sound, the smell, the color that filled the air.什么东西正向她靠近，她恐惧地等待着。是什么呢？她不知道。那东西太微妙，说不清楚。
9、但是她感到它正从天边而来，透过空气中的声音、气息和颜色正在逼近她。10 Slowly she became excited. Her breath came fast; her heart beat faster. She was beginning to recognize the thing that was approaching to take her. She tried to beat it back with her will, but failed. Her mind was as weak as her two small white hands. When she stop
10、ped fighting against it, a little word broke from her lips.慢慢地，她变得兴奋起来，呼吸急促，心跳加快。她开始意识到正向她逼近要控制她的是什么东西。她试图用自己的意志力把这种朦胧的意识打回去，但毫无用处。她的意志就像她那纤细白皙的双手，脆弱无力，不能将其推开。当她干脆任其自由发展时，从她的双唇间蹦出一个词。11 “Free,” she whispered. “Free, free, free!” The dull stare and look of fear went from her eyes. They stayed keen an
11、d bright. Her heart beat fast, and the blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body. A sudden feeling of joy held her.“自由了，”她低语道，“ 自由了，自由了，自由了！” 茫然的目光和恐惧的神色一扫而光。她的目光又敏锐、闪亮起来。她的心跳加快，血液沸腾，全身轻松了下来。她感到一种突如其来的欢悦。12 She did not ask if her joy was wrong. She saw her freedom clearly and could not stop to
12、 think of smaller things.13 She knew that she would weep again when she saw her husbands body. The kind hands, now dead and still. The loving face, now fixed and gray. But she looked into the future and saw many long years to come that would belong to her alone. And now she opened and spread her arm
13、s out to those years in welcome.她想都没想这种欢悦的心情是否正当。今后的自由清清楚楚地展现在她的面前，别的都是小事，无暇顾及。她知道她看到丈夫的遗体时还会哭。那亲切的双手再也不能挥动，那可爱的脸庞变得呆滞而又苍白。但她看到了未来，看到了将来长远的岁月，那只属于她的岁月。她张开双臂，欢迎那美好的岁月。14 There would be no one else to live for during those years. She would live for herself alone. There would be no powerful will bendin
14、g hers. Men and women always believe they can tell others what to do and how to think. Suddenly Louise understood that this was wrong and that she could break away and be free of it.在那些岁月里，她将不再为其他任何人而活着，只为她自己。那时再也没有人使自己屈从于他的意志。人们总是认为他们可以叫其他人做什么，叫其他人如何思考。路易丝突然明白这是错误的，她完全可以从中摆脱出来。15 And yet, she had l
15、oved him sometimes. Often she had not.What did love mean now? Now she understood that freedom is stronger than love.16 “Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.然而她曾经爱过他有的时候。更多的时候她又不爱他。爱到底意味着什么？现在她知道自由比爱情更加强烈，更加重要。“自由了！彻底自由了！” 她不停地低声说道。17 Her sister Josephine was waiting outside the door.18 “P
16、lease open the door,” Josephine cried. “You will make yourself sick. What are youdoing in there, Louise? Please, please, let me in !”19 “Go away. I am not making myself sick.” No, she was drinking in life through that open window.姐姐约瑟芬在门外等着。“请开门，”约瑟芬大声喊道。“你会把自己弄病的。你到底在里面干什么，路易丝？请，请让我进去！”“走开。我不会把自己弄病
17、的。” 是的，她不会。透过敞开的窗户，她正在领略着窗外生命的气息，体验着生命的美好。20 She thought joyfully of all those days before her. Spring days, summer days. All kinds of days that would be her own. She began to hope life would be long. It was only yesterday that life seemed so long !她高兴地想着以后的日子。春天，夏天，所有属于她自己的日子。她开始渴望长寿，而就在昨天她还嫌生命漫长，看
18、不到尽头！21 After a while she got up and opened the door. Her eyes were bright; her cheeks were red. She didnt know how strong and well she looked so full of joy. They went downstairs, where Richards was waiting.过了一会，她起身把门打开。她的眼睛炯炯有神，她的脸颊很红润。她不知道她的身体看起来是多么地健康充满了喜悦。她们下了楼，理查兹在楼下等着。22 Someone was opening t
19、he door. It was Brently Mallard, who entered, looking dirty and tired, carrying a suitcase and an umbrella.He was not killed in the accident. He didnt even know there had been one. He stood surprised at Josephines sudden cry. He didnt understand why Richards moved suddenly between them, to hide Loui
20、se from her husband.有人在开门。进来的是布伦特里 马拉德，他满面风尘，手提着一只旅行箱并拿着把雨伞。他没有在事故中遇难，他甚至不知道发生了车祸。他愣在那里，对约瑟芬的惊叫感到诧异。他不理解理查兹为什么突然站到他们中间，把路易丝挡起来。23 But Richards was too late.24 When the doctors came, they said she had died of heart disease of joy that kills.但是理查兹太晚了。当医生赶到时，他们说她死于心脏病死于心脏承受不了的喜悦。Lesson TwoIn the Labora
21、torySamuel H. ScudderLearning Guide美国著名昆虫学家塞缪尔斯卡德记叙了多年前他初进哈佛读书，在阿加西斯教授的实验室学习的一段难忘的经历：一条作标本的鱼，竟让他用肉眼整整观察了 三天。然而他所学到的东西使他终身受益。对学生有问必答、有求必应、事无巨细一概包揽的就是个好老师吗?能把老师的知识全部学到的就是好学生吗?俗话说严 师出高徒。师应严在何处?徒又高在哪里?仔细品味本文，你一定会有所收获。1 I entered Professor Agassizs laboratory, and told him I had enrolled my name in the S
22、cientific School as a student of natural history.我走进阿加西斯教授的实验室，告诉他我已经在自然科学学院报了名，专业是生物学。2 “When do you wish to begin?“3 “Now,“ I replied.“你想什么时候开始？”“就现在，”我答道。4 This seemed to please him, and with an energetic “Very well!“ he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.“Take this fi
23、sh,“ he said, “and look at it; by and by I will ask what you have seen.“ With that he left me. I was disappointed, for gazing at a fish did not seem to be challenging enough to an eager student, and the alcohol had a very unpleasant smell. But I said nothing and began to work immediately.这好象让他很高兴，他精
24、神饱满地说了句“好极了” ，就伸手从架子上取下一只大瓶子，里面的黄色酒精中浸泡着标本。“把这条鱼拿去，”他说，“仔细观察观 察，过一会我再问问你看到了些什么。 ”说完他就离开了。我很失望，因为对于一个求知欲很强的学生来说，老盯着一条鱼看并不富有挑战性，而且酒精也发出一股 难闻的气味。但我什么话也没说，立即开始了工作。5 In ten minutes I had seen all that could be seen in the fish, and started to look for the Professor who had, however, left. Half an hour pa
25、ssed an hour another hour; the fish began to look disgusting. I turned it over and around; looked it in the face ghastly; from behind, beneath, above, sideways just as ghastly. I must not use a magnifying glass, nor instruments of any kind. Just my two hands, my two eyes, and the fish: it seemed a m
26、ost limited field of study. With a feeling of desperation again I looked at that fish. I pushed my finger down its throat to feel how sharp the teeth were. I began to count the scales in the different rows, until I was convinced that was nonsense. At last a happy thought struck me I would draw the f
27、ish; and now with surprise I began to discover new features in the creature. Just then the Professor returned.我用十分钟就把鱼身上能看到的东西全看了，然后开始找教授，然而他已经离开了。半个小时，一个小时，再一个小时过去了， 那条鱼显得叫人厌恶。我把它翻过来，转过去，再正面看看，毫无气色，死一样的苍白；从后看，从下看，从上看，从侧面看都一样。我不准用放大镜，不准用任何 仪器。只有我的两只手，两只眼睛，还有鱼，这个研究范围似乎太狭窄了。带着无可奈何的心情我再次去看那条鱼。我把手伸进鱼的嘴巴
28、，看看它的牙齿有多锋利。我开始一排排地数鱼鳞片，直到我确信这样做毫无意义。最后我忽然想起了一个好主意我把鱼画出来。令我惊奇的是，我开始在这家伙身上发现了新的特征。就在这时，教授回来了。6 “That is right,“ said he, “a pencil is one of the best of eyes.“ With these encouraging words, he added, “Well, what is it like?“7 He listened attentively to my brief description. When I finished, he waited
29、 as if expecting more, and then, with an air of disappointment.8 “You have not looked very carefully; why,“ he continued more earnestly, “you havent even seen one of the most visible features of the animal, which is as plainly before your eyes as the fish itself; look again, look again!“ and he left
30、 me to my misery.“做得对，”他说，“ 使用铅笔是最好的观察方法之一。”说完这鼓舞人心的话，他又接着说，“ 嗯，它象什么？”他认真地听着我简单的描述。我讲完之后，他等了等，好象在期待着我继续说下去，然后脸上显露出失望的表情说：“你没有仔细观察，”他接着认真地说，“你甚至连鱼身上最明显的特征都没看到，它就象那条鱼本身一样清清楚楚地摆在你的面前。再看！再看！”交代完之后，他就不管我了，让我陷入苦恼之中。9 I was hurt. Still more of that wretched fish ! But now I set myself to my task with a wil
31、l, and discovered one new thing after another,until I saw how just the Professors criticism had been. The afternoon passed quickly; and when, towards its close, the Professor inquired,“Do you see it yet?“10 “No,“I replied, “ I do not, but I see how little I saw before.“11 “That is next best,“ said h
32、e earnestly, “But I wont hear you now; put away your fish and go home; perhaps you will be ready with a better answer in the morning. I will examine you before you look at the fish.“我的自尊心受到了伤害。还得继续去面对那条讨厌的鱼！但现在我决心好好地完成我的任务，于是便有了一个一个的新发现，直到最后我终于明白教授的批评是多么地有道理。下午很快就过去了。快到黄昏时，教授问我：“看出来了吗？”“没有，” 我回答道，“
33、没有看出来，但我已认识到原来看出来实在是太少了。”“那也不错，”他认真地说。“不过现在我不听你讲，你把鱼放好回家去吧，也许明天早晨有更好的答案，在你看鱼只前我要考考你。”12 This was disconcerting. Not only must I think of my fish all night, studying, without the objectbefore me, what this unknown but most visible feature might be, but also, without reviewing my discoveries, I must g
34、ive an exact account of them the next day.这真叫人紧张。我不仅必须整夜去想那条鱼，鱼不在跟前得反复琢磨出那未知但极其明显的特征是什么，而且在无法重温已经发现的特征的情况下，还要在第二天准确地描述那些特征。13 The friendly greeting from the Professor the next morning was reassuring. He seemed to be quite as anxious as I that I should see for myself what he saw.第二天早晨，教授友好地向我打招呼，这令我感
35、到安慰。他好象与我的心情完全一样，急切希望我看到他所看到的一切。14 “Do you perhaps mean,“ I asked, “that the fish has symmetrical sides with paired organs?“15 His thoroughly pleased “Of course!“ repaid the wakeful hours of the previous night.After he had talked most happily and enthusiastically as he always did upon theimportance
36、of this point, I asked what I should do next.“你的意思或许是说，”我问道，“鱼的两边对称，器官成队？”他十分满意地说了声“对！ ”，让我感到头天夜里好几个小时的思考没有白费。在他象平常那样非常高兴而又充满热情地谈了这一点的重要性后，我问他下一步该怎么做。16 “Oh, look at your fish!“ he said, and left me alone again. In a little more than an hour he returned, and heard my new list.17 “That is good, that
37、is good!“ he repeated, “but that is not all; go on.“ And so for three long days he placed that fish before my eyes, forbidding me to look at anything else, or to use any artificial aid. “Look, look, look,“ was his repeated instruction.噢，看你的鱼吧！”说完，他又离开了，就留下我一个人。一个小时多一点，他再次回来，听了我的新发现。“很好！很好！”他连连说，“但这还
38、没完，继续看。” 就这样，他把鱼放在我的面前整整放了三天，不让我看任何其它东西，也不让我使用任何仪器。“观察，观察，再观察， ”他再三地指示。18 The fourth day, a second fish of the same group was placed beside the first, and I was told to point out the similarities and differences between the two; another and another followed, until the entire family lay before me.第四天
39、，另一条同属的鱼摆放在第一条鱼的旁边，而且要我指出它们之间的相同点与不同点。然后，又是一条，接着另一条，直到同科所有的鱼都摆到了我的面前。19 This was the best lesson I ever had. It has influenced the way I have studied ever since.It was something the Professor gave me, which we could not buy, with which we could not part.这是我上过的最好的一课。自那以后，我的一切学习和研究方法无不受益于这一课。这是教授给我的无价
40、的礼物，是用金钱买不到的，是一笔不能丢弃的财富。20 While training the students in the method of observing facts and their orderly arrangement, Professor Agassiz urged them not to be content with just facts. “Facts are stupid things,“ he would say,“until brought into connection with some general law.“在训练学生观察事物及其规律性的排列时，阿加西斯
41、教授鼓励他们不要仅仅满足于事实。他常说：“事实本身意义不大，只有与某一自然法则联系起来时才有意义。”Lesson ThreeDetective on the TrailJ. Jefferson FarjeonLearning Guide维护社会治安，人人有责。一个机智而且有正义感的伦敦报童，发现报上几则蹊跷的私人启事似乎与几起盗窃案有某种联系，遂向警方报告。报童在一则广告所 暗示的地点与时间，潜伏起来，凭借自己的机智和勇敢协助警方捕获了已作案多次的盗窃团伙首领正是那几则神秘启事的发送人。1 Bob Sugg read only certain bits of the papers he sol
42、d. Robberies, killings, and things like that. And that was funny, too, because he didnt like crime and meant to stop it whenever hecould. Already in his free time he had helped catch several wrongdoers.在鲍勃萨格所卖的几种报纸中，他只看其中少量的部分，如抢劫、谋杀以及诸如此类的东西。这事说来也怪，因为他讨厌犯罪，而且只要办得到，他都决心随时制止犯罪。在闲暇时间里，他就曾经帮助抓到过好几个罪犯。2
43、 Bobs favourite part of the newspaper was the page of personal advertisements. The one he was reading right now said: “Remember Aunt Mary on next Sunday. Quarrel upsetting all.Report evening 25th. N.E. Cross.“报纸上，鲍勃最爱看的是私人启事版。现在他正在读的启事是这样写的：“在下星期天别忘了给玛丽阿姨送礼。吵架破坏了大家的心情。25日晚报道。N. E. 克罗斯。”3 “Thats a fu
44、nny one,“ Bob thought. He reread the notice. Why pay more money to say “on next Sunday“ when “next Sunday“would have been enough? “Cross. Cross.“ Bob felt sure he had come upon that name in the personals before. But he didnt remember those initials.What did N. E. stand for?“这条启事有些蹊跷。”鲍勃想。他把启事又读了一遍。干
45、吗要多花钱多写进一个 “在”字？写“ 下星期天”不就够了？“克罗斯，克罗斯。”鲍勃确信在以前的私人启事中曾经见过这个名字，但他却记不清那些首字母了。N. E. 代表什么呢？4 For some reason that advertisement haunted Bob Sugg. Here was a mystery he wanted to solve.5 Four days later, a headline about a burglary caught his eye. He quickly read the story. A few minutes later, the man in
46、 charge of the newspaper files saw an excited boy rush into the room. “May I see the back number files, sir?“ the boy asked. The man motioned toward a wide shelf. Bob intently studied a paper.不知为什么，那则启事时时萦绕在鲍勃萨格的心头。他想解开这个迷。四天之后，一个有关盗窃案的标题引起了他的注意。他很快读完了报道。几分钟后，管理报纸档案的职员看见一个神情激动的男孩跑进了他的办公室。“先生， 让我看看过期
47、报纸，好吗？” 男孩问。那人向一个宽宽的书架示意了一下，鲍勃就认真地研究起报纸来。6 “Look! These two personals,“ Bob was breathless with excitement. “They appeared ondifferent dates, but its the same advertiser, Cross.“7 “Wait,“ the man interrupted. “The initials arent alike. One is W. Cross and the other is S.W.“8 “Heres another Cross tha
48、t was in the paper last Thursday. Now, who sent in these three ads?“ asked Bob.9 “We cant give you that information,“ the man said.10 “Well,“ said Bob, “if you dont get this very question from the police inspector today, my names not Bob Sugg.“The next moment he was gone.“看！这两则私人启事。” 鲍勃激动得喘不过气来，“虽然它
49、们刊登的日期不同，但刊登广告的却是同一个人：克罗斯。 ”“等等，” 那人打断他的话，“首位字母不一样，一个W. Cross, 另一个是S. W.。”“上星期四的报纸上还有另一个克罗斯。到底是谁送登这三则启事的呢？” 鲍勃问。“这个信息我们不能告诉你。” 那人说。“那么，” 鲍勃说，“ 不出今天，要是警长不问你这个问题，我就不叫鲍勃萨格。” 说完这话他就走了。11 Bob hurried into Inspector Hamelins office, and showed him the headline in the paper. “Its about this burglary in Ramon Square,“ he said. “I can tell you the number of the house, though it isnt in the paper. Number 25. The burglars Mr. N.E. Cross this time. Before, he was W. Cross, and before that, S.W. Cross. Remember Aunt Mary on next Sund
