1、,成长档案夹评估,2002,2001,基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)改变课程评价过分强调甄别与选拔的功能，发挥评价促进学生发展、教师提高和改进教学实践的功能。,新课程实施中的教育评价改革调研报告 课程改革实施以来，各实验区的教师和研究人员在多门课程领域中，积极开展了不同程度的理论研究与实践探索，创建和使用了多种多样的成长记录袋。,教育部关于积极推进中小学评价与考试制度改革的通知 高中录取标准除考试成绩外，可试行参考学生成长记录(袋)等其他资料，综合评价进行录取。,2003,2005,2008,教育部关于基础教育改革实验区初中和普通高中招生制度改革的指导意见招生制度改革要改变以升学考试科目分数简单
2、相加作为唯一录取标准的做法，力求在初中毕业生学业考试、综合素质评价、高中录取三方面予以突破。,教育部关于普通高中新课程省份深化高校招生考试改革的指导意见逐步建立和完善在国家统一考试录取基础上的全面、综合、多元化的考试评价制度和高等学校多样化的选拔录取制度。,课程评价分类,目标型成长记录档案袋,“主体取向”的评价,3,1,“目标取向”的评价,2,泰勒及其学生布卢姆等人为代表的“目标取向”的评价,兼合型的成长记录档案袋,以美国的斯克贝文(SCrivenm)和英国的斯滕豪思(Stenhouse.L)为代表的“过程取向”的评价,过程取向”的评价,这种评价认为，评价的目的是要使被评价者认同评价，并根据评
3、价结果作出改进，获得发展，强调评价者与被评价者，教师与学生在评价过程中是一种“交互主体”的关系，评价过程是一种民主参与，协商交往的过程，强调被评价者的自我评价，主张质的评价方法，价值多元，尊重差异是它的基本特征。无疑，主体取向的评价体现了当代课程评价改革的时代精神.,A Closer Look at Assessment 仔细了解评估,评估过程随着时间的推移也经历了很多的变化。评估已经不再是“通过”或者“未通过”的概念。真正的评估源于一个学生在一段时间内所收集的资料和信息。通过使用文件夹评估、轶事趣闻记录、观察资料、清单、标题、自我评价、同行人之间的评估、反馈、学习日记和目标的确定来收集有效的
4、资料。,Student-Led Conferences provide teachers the opportunity to incorporate these various elements of the assessment process as a means of reporting to students and parents.以学生为主的会议提供给老师一个机会，这个机会合并了评估过程中不同的因素，同时这也是向学生和家长汇报的一种方法。Assessment is now looked at as a team approach among teachers, students
5、and parents.现在的评估看起来就像是老师、学生和家长之间一种团队合作的方法。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前Students are tested on a specific day and time学生在特定的时间和日期被测试。,变化后Students are assessed over a period of time. 经过一段时间后学生被评价。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前Students are graded according to their performance
6、 on a test. 根据学生在考试中的表现评分。,变化后Students are assessed on their progression of learning.根据学习的过程对学生进行评价。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前 Students receive grades. 学生收到评分情况。,变化后 Students receive comments, guidelines and feedback on their work.学生收到有关他们作品的评语指导和反馈。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎
7、样的变化,变化前Teachers design and correct the tests.老师决定和批改考试。,变化后 Students take an active role in their learning and assessment.学习和评估过程中学生扮演积极的角色。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前 Few options are given to students.很少给学生选择。,变化后 Teachers, students and parents actively participate in the portfolio
8、assessment.老师学生和父母积极参与文件夹的评价。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前 Evaluation is based on isolated tests corrected by the teacher.评价是根据老师批改过得每一个独立的考试。,变化后 Students are given the responsibility of selecting and assessing their work on a regular basis.在合理的基础上学生被给予选择和评价他们作品的责任。.,How Has Assessment
9、 Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前 Places importance on “right” and “wrong” answers.很注重错误和正确的答案。,变化后 Places importance on the progression and growth of learning. 很注重学习成长和进步的过程。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前Benefits one type of intelligence. 受益于一种形式的智慧。,变化后 Benefits multiple intelligences and the ne
10、eds of diverse learners.受益于多样智慧和不同学习者的需要。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前 Measures limited knowledge in one area.仅在一个领域评测有限的知识。,变化后 Assesses integrated areas of study评价学习的完整领域。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前Encourages competition and compares students to others. 鼓励比赛和学生之间的比较。,变化
11、后Focuses on the individuals learning style and needs.强调个体学习的方式和需要。,How Has Assessment Changed?评价发生了怎样的变化,变化前Teachers set goals for students.老师为学生确定目标。,变化后 Students set their own goals.学生确立自己的目标。,Forms of Assessment 评价方式,Authentic Assessment 真正的评估 Authentic assessment is often called performance asse
12、ssment in that a student uses the skills that they have learned in real-life situations. For example, they use their ability to multiply to calculate the area needed for carpeting in a room真正的评估通常被称作展示评估，在这个过程中学生运用他们在实际情景中所学到的技巧。例如他们使用乘法来计算一个房间所需要用的地毯面积。 A portfolio is a tool which demonstrates a st
13、udents learning progression overtime. A students portfolio consists of a collection of work throughout the year.成长档案夹是一种学习工具，它展示了一个学生在一定时间内的学习过程。学生的文件夹包括学生一年中一系列的作品。A students portfolio may also incorporate the following forms of evaluation: 一个学生的成长档案夹也包含了以下评价形式： personal information and interest; 个
14、人信息和兴趣 student checklists; 学生的项目列表 peer evaluation; 学生之间评价 work samples; 作品样本 parent feedback; 父母反馈 self-evaluation; 自我评价 rubrics; 如比克（一种打分方式） self-reflections 自我反思goal setting. 确定目标 Portfolio and rubrics are key to authentic assessment.成长档案夹和指示、说明是真正评价的关键,What Are the Possible Purposes of a Portfol
15、io？ 成长档案夹可能达到的目的有哪些？ It might demonstrate student learning forthe purpose of evaluation.它可能展示了学生有评价目的的学习。 It might document the process a student has gone through in order to arrive at a certain point in his/her learning.它可能是记录一个学生的学习经历过程，这个过程是为了达到他学习的一个顶点。 It might be to celebrate studentachievemen
16、t.它可能是祝贺学生所取得的成绩。,Types of Portfolios成长档案夹的种类 Three popular types 三个流行种类 1、Process or Learning 过程或学习 Contains plans, drafts, revisions, and final drafts of student work to show growth 包括展示学生成长的计划、草稿、复习和最后的作品。 2、Presentation 展示 Contains samples of a students best work 包括学生最好作品的样本 3、Evaluation 评价 Cont
17、ains a collection of work in order to evaluate the acquisition of a competency 包括为了评价学生能力获得的一系列作品。,Why Use Portfolio Assessment?为什么使用成长档案夹评价？PORTFOLIOS ALLOW YOU TO :成长档案夹能使你：Measure growth over time; 测量学生一段时间的成长Substantiate judgments;有事实依据地进行判断Give ownership of learning to students; 给学生学习的自主权Emphas
18、ize the importance of process and product; 强调过程和结果的重要性Develop short and long term goals; 发展短期或长期的目标Match authentic assessment to teaching; 真正的评价和教学相一致Provide stimulus for conferencing and self-reflection.为会议和自我反馈提供促进因素,My Purpose and Criteria Have Been Chosen, What Should I Do Next?我的目的和标准都已经选择，下一步我
19、该做什么？ Students are responsible for three ongoing tasks: 学生对以下三个持续的任务负责：COLLECTION 收集SELECTION 选择REFLECTION 反馈,What Is Collected?什么应该被收集？Samples of Products and Samples of Processes 学习成果的样本和过程的样本A range of student work, projects,writing samples, tests, peer/teacher feedback, checklists, journal entri
20、es 一系列的学生作品，课题，写作样本、考试、同学或老师的反馈、日记记录。,What Takes Place in the Selection Process?在选择过程中会发生什么？Review of Criteria回顾标准Choice of artifacts that best demonstrate the criteria选择能最好显示标准的学生作品Establish guidelines for presentation. I.E table of contents建立演示的准则,What Reflection Takes Place?发生什么样的反馈？ Reflection a
21、bout what each chosen artifact demonstrates about the learner反馈每一个选择的作品展示了学习者什么 Preparation of Reflection sheet for each artifact included in Portfolio每一个作品反馈准备的那几页都应该包括在文件夹中,How To Begin?怎么样开始？Prepare your classroom for your students.为学生准备教室2. Introduce portfolio assessment to your class by explain
22、ing their purpose and how they will be used in the classroom. 通过解释成长档案夹的用途以及它们如何在班级里使用向你的班级介绍成长档案夹评估3. Talk about your expectations and the criteria which will be used for portfolio assessment. 讨论你的期望以及标准，这些是要在文件夹评估中使用的4. Help students set their goal(s) for the term. 帮助学生确立本学期的目标,How To Begin?怎么样开始？
23、,5. Help students select their work.帮助学生选择特们的作品6. Help students reflect and evaluate their work.帮助学生反馈和评价他们的作品7. Check portfolio periodically.定期检查文件夹8. Assessment portfolios.评价文件夹9. Display portfolios at the Student-Led Conferences.在学生为主的会议上展示文件夹10. Celebrate your students achievements!庆祝学生所取得的成果,Ho
24、w Do Students Benefit from Portfolio Assessment?学生怎么样从文件夹评估中收益appeals to multiple intelligences and various learning styles要求多样智慧和不同的学习方式encourages students to express themselves in diverse forms鼓励学生用不同的形式来表达自己provides opportunity for development and growth为发展和成长提供机会encourages students to use critic
25、al thinking鼓励学生使用评论的思想promotes individual creativity促进个体的创造力allows students to achieve their goals and progress in their learning at their own pace允许学生在自己的速度上达到自己的目标和进步gives students the chance to take part in a variety of tasks给学生提供参与不同任务的机会gives students options and flexibility to work on areas of
26、 interest在学生感兴趣的领域给学生自由选择和灵活性,How Do Teachers Benefit from Portfolio Assessment? 老师如何从文件夹评估中受益,approaches learning as a process rather than an isolated event使学习成为一个过程而不是一个独立的事件teachers receive better insight on individuals abilities and needs老师能够更好的了解每一个学生的能力和需要improves communication with teachers,
27、students and parents加强了老师，学生及家长之间的沟通provides opportunity for observation and authentic assessment提供了更多的发现机会及准确真实评估的机会allows teachers to share the responsibility of assessment with the student 让学生能够和老师一起分担评估的责任helps teachers gain knowledge of a childs abilities and difficulties使老师能够很好的了解学生的能力和他们遇到的困难
28、holds students accountable for the quality of their work and selection使学生对自己的作业的质量及选择负责任gives teachers the opportunity to be better prepared for parents night使老师能够更好的准备家长会helps teachers provide concrete examples of the students work forparents帮助老师提供给家长更明确的学生作业的样本,How Do Parents Benefit from Portfoli
29、o Assessment? 家长如何从文件夹评估中获益？, improves communication with teachers, students and parents提高了学生，老师和家长之间的沟通 allows parents to see their childs learning in more concrete forms使家长更清楚的看到学生的学习情况 provides parents with meaningful samples of their childs work andLearning提供给了家长有关他们孩子学习和写作业情况的清晰的样本 allows paren
30、ts to gain knowledge of their childs abilities andDifficulties使家长了解他们孩子的能力及遇到的困难 gives parents the opportunity to provide feedback to their child andTeacher给予家长对孩子及老师提出反馈的机会 enables parents to observe their childs progression of learning使家长能够看到他们孩子在学习上的进步 enables parents to witness their child achie
31、ving their set goals使家长能够目睹孩子达成他们设立的目标的过程 enables parents to better understand their childs strengths and needs使家长能够更好的了解孩子的长处和需要帮助的地方,What is a Rubric? 什么是“如比克”, An established set of scoring criteria used to rate a students performance ontests, portfolios, writing samples, or other performance tas
32、ks, which is organized in increasing levels of quality by criterion.是一种打分的标准，用来评估学生在测验，成长档案夹整理，写作或其他任务中的完成情况，并且按照标准将其表现的质量由低到高进行排列。,Characteristics of a Rubric“如比克”的特点, Contains the essential criteria (traits, qualities,descriptors) by which a piece of work or a performance is judged 通过必要的标准（包括特征，质量
33、，描述）等来评价一项工作或者表现的好坏 Describes clearly observable features 清晰的描述其突出的特点 Emphasizes as much as possible what the student response demonstrates, rather than what is Missing强调学生表现中显著突出的一面，而不是其遗漏的部分 Performance levels are differentiated qualitatively or quantitatively or both学生的表现通过质量，数量，或者质量和数量共同来区分 Each level of the rubric contains parallel criteria or descriptions每一个题目都包含类似的标准和描述,Portfolio Criteria Cycle Two & Three文件夹标准2&3周期,Place a in the once you have completed the criteria.,Name姓名: _ Date日期: _ Page 30My Learning Log 我的学习日子,Teacher Observation Sheet 教师评价表,
