1、Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 COMMITTEE DRAFT OIML/CD3 Date: 25 Nov 2005 Reference number: OIML TC12/WG1/2 OIML/TC 12 OIML/TC /SC Supersedes document: OIML TC12/WG1/1 OIML/TC 12 Title: Instruments for measuring electrical quantities Secretariat: Germany Circulated to P- and O-members and liaison i
2、nternal bodies and external organizations for: discussion at (date and place of meeting): xx comments by xx vote (P-members only) and comments by xx xxmber 200x TITLE OF THE CD (English): Revision OIML IR 46 Electricity Meters TITLE OF THE CD (French): Revision OIML IR 46 Compteurs dnergie Original
3、version in: English . Draft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last saved:28.11.05 Printed: 28.11.05 page 1/43 Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 OIML International Recommendation 46 Electricity Meters Draft Revision Committee Draft CD 2 xx Draft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last saved:28.11.05
4、 Printed: 28.11.05 page 2/43 Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 CONTENTS EXPLANATORY NOTE FOREWORD 1 Scope . 8 2 Bibliography 8 3 Terminology 9 3.1 Meters and their constituents. 9 3.1.1 Electricity meter 9 3.1.2 Watt-hour meter 9 3.1.3 Note: Since this Recommendation only deals with watt-hour meters,
5、the short form “meter” is used.Demand meter. 9 3.1.4 Direct connected meter. 9 3.1.5 Transformer operated meter. 9 3.1.6 Electromechanical meter 9 3.1.7 Static meter. 9 3.1.8 Measuring element . 9 3.1.9 Current circuit . 10 3.1.10 Voltage circuit . 10 3.1.11 Indicating device, display 10 3.1.12 Regi
6、ster 10 3.1.13 Primary register 10 3.1.14 Register multiplier. 10 3.1.15 Meter constant 10 3.1.16 Test output 10 3.1.17 Adjustment device 10 3.1.18 Ancillary device, auxiliary device 10 3.2 Metrological characteristics 11 3.2.1 Current (I) . 11 3.2.2 Starting current (I )st. 11 3.2.3 Minimum current
7、 (I ), (Ed. alt. Low current (I )min low. 11 3.2.4 Transitional current (I )tr. 11 3.2.5 Maximum current (I )max. 11 3.2.6 Voltage (U) 11 3.2.7 Nominal voltage (U )nom. 11 3.2.8 Frequency (f) 11 3.2.9 Nominal frequency (f )nom. 11 3.2.10 Harmonic 11 3.2.11 Harmonic number . 11 3.2.12 Distortion fact
8、or (d) . 11 3.2.13 Power factor (PF) 12 3.2.14 Active power . 12 3.2.15 Active energy 12 3.2.16 Absolute error (of indication) 12 3.2.17 Relative error (of indication) 12 3.2.18 Maximum permissible error (m.p.e.). 12 3.2.19 Base maximum permissible error . 12 3.2.20 Maximum permissible error shift.
9、13 Draft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last saved:28.11.05 Printed: 28.11.05 page 3/43 Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 3.2.21 Intrinsic error. 13 3.2.22 Initial intrinsic error 13 3.2.23 Influence quantity 13 3.2.24 Influence factor . 13 3.2.25 Disturbance. 13 3.2.26 Rated operating conditions
10、. 13 3.2.27 Reference conditions 13 3.2.28 Class index . 13 3.2.29 Durability. 13 3.2.30 Fault 13 3.2.31 Significant fault . 14 3.2.32 Critical change value 14 3.2.33 Checking facility 14 3.2.34 Metrologically sensitive components 14 3.2.35 Significant durability error . 14 4 Metrological Requiremen
11、ts. 14 4.1 Rated operating conditions 14 4.2 Accuracy requirements 15 4.2.1 General . 15 4.2.2 Handling of the energy flow direction . 16 4.2.3 Maximum permissible errors at rated operating conditions 16 4.2.4 Allowed effects of disturbances 17 4.3 Mechanical requirements. 19 4.4 Name plate, marking
12、s 19 4.5 Protection against tampering, sealings 20 4.5.1 General provisions 20 4.5.2 Protection of hardware and firmware 21 4.6 Suitability for use 21 4.6.1 Readability of result 21 4.6.2 Testability 21 4.6.3 Checking facility 22 4.7 Durability 22 4.7.1 Reliability and durability requirement 22 5 Ty
13、pe approval. 23 5.1 Documentation. 23 5.2 Type definition 23 5.2.1 Type test sampling 23 6 Test program 24 7 Test procedures for type approval . 24 7.1 Test conditions. 24 7.2 Tests for maximum permissible error. 25 7.2.1 Determination of initial intrinsic error 25 7.2.2 Continuous maximum current.
14、25 7.2.3 Starting current . 25 7.2.4 Test of no-load condition 26 7.2.5 Meter constants 26 7.2.6 Reverse running detent 27 7.2.7 Influence factors . 27 Draft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last saved:28.11.05 Printed: 28.11.05 page 4/43 Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 7.3 Test for disturbances
15、29 7.3.1 Semi steady-state disturbances . 29 7.3.2 Disturbances of transient nature. 34 8 Examination for conformity with type approval. 46 9 INITIAL VERIFICATION AND SUBSEQUENT-VERIFICATION 46 9.1 General 46 9.2 Testing . 46 9.2.1 Calibration status 46 9.2.2 Conformity check 46 9.2.3 Warming-up 46
16、9.2.4 Test for base maximum permissible error 46 9.2.5 Sealing 47 9.3 Reference conditions for initial and subsequent verifications in laboratory. 48 9.4 Additional requirements for the statistical verifications and in-service inspections . 48 Annex A . 51 A.1 Estimate of conventional overall maximu
17、m probable uncertainty 51 A.1.1 Estimation based on the requirements of this Recommendation. 51 A.1.2 Estimation based on type test results and specific conditions . 52 Annex B . 53 B.1 Legislation considerations 53 B.1.1 Choice of class index 53 Draft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last saved:
18、28.11.05 Printed: 28.11.05 page 5/43 Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 Explanatory Note The former OIML Recommendation IR-46 “ACTIVE ELECTRICAL ENERGY METERS FOR DIRECT CONNECTION (CLASS 2)” was withdrawn by the CIML in 1997, because it was inconsistent with existing IEC standards and the metering tec
19、hnology development had made it outdated. Within OIML TC 12 a working group for the revision of the IR 46 has been formed, with members from most parts of the world, to ensure that the revised recommendation attains a wide acceptance. In the absence of an updated OIML Recommendation, the electricity
20、 meters are presently tested against IEC standards or national or regional standards. A revised OIML Recommendation should have the possibility to be accepted in most parts of the world, bringing down testing costs for both manufacturers and nations and in the end the consumers. The drafted Recommen
21、dation relies heavily on IEC standards. However, the IEC standards for electricity meters are technology dependent and in the case of electromechanical meters rather old, and they are not used is some parts of the world. Further the legislator demands are changing and consumer interest is important
22、within OIML. For these reasons it is not possible or desirable to use the IEC electricity meter requirements and tests in every case. With newer designs including static meters and software control the variation within a “type” is much larger and “meter type” is harder to define. How much is it poss
23、ible to change in a meter without the necessity for a new type test, and how software can be tested and secured, must somehow be addressed. Also, EMC, integrity and functionality have become much more important issues. The working group for the revision of IR 46 of the OIML TC 12 started its work at
24、 a meeting in Bors, Sweden, in September 2002, where task-groups were formed for different parts of the standardisation work. An Internet workplace was set up. This is a restricted-access web-site where the working group members can freely download information and download, change and upload working
25、 documents. The input from the different task-groups was collected to a pre-draft that was discussed during the second meeting, which was held in Maastricht, March 27-28. In Maastricht, most of the items in the pre-draft were discussed and decided upon or left to further work. The main discussions w
26、ere about two topics, how to define the accuracy requirements and the level of allowed effects of influence quantities. There are quite a few influence quantities that could affect the accuracy, and it was argued that the maximum permissible error should cover all these conditions, or at least most
27、of them. However, it is far from obvious that the effects of different influence quantities are independent from each other and therefore not obvious that one could measure the effect of each one and then sum them up by the root-mean-square law as proposed. The concept of maximum permissible error w
28、as central to the process of making the new Recommendation. Several comments on this matter have been received, unfortunately with diverging content. The new draft version tries to make a synthesis and a compromise of these. In the attached document some values have been reverted to IEC values but a
29、n overall requirement on temperature behaviour has also been added which satisfies Nordic needs and should also address the needs of US, Canada and Australia. The impact on meters intended for mild climate or indoor application will be negligible. A third working group meeting was held in Copenhagen
30、 at the end of March 2004 where most of the major open questions were discussed and mostly solved. As an outcome of this meeting, a first Committee Draft for the revised IR 46 has been agreed upon and is circulated to P- and O-members and liaison international bodies and external organisations for c
31、omments. For convenience, together with the Committee Draft which is identical with the last version of the working draft (version v4_3 of 28 May 2004) the comments received in advance to the meeting in Copenhagen are circulated, too. At the fourth meeting in Bors, Sweden, a second Committee Draft w
32、as revised based on the comments received. The areas where the approach or requirements of this Recommendation draft differs from other standards was extensively discussed. Draft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last saved:28.11.05 Printed: 28.11.05 page 6/43 Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 Forew
33、ord The International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) is a worldwide, intergovernmental organization whose primary aim is to harmonize the regulations and metrological controls applied by the national metrological services, or related organizations, of its Member States. The two main categori
34、es of OIML publications are: International Recommendations (OIML R), which are model regulations that establish the metrological characteristics required of certain measuring instruments and which specify methods and equipment for checking their conformity; the OIML Member States shall implement the
35、se Recommendations to the greatest possible extent; International Documents (OIML D), which are informative in nature and intended to improve the work of the metrological services. OIML Draft Recommendations and Documents are developed by technical committees or subcommittees which are formed by the
36、 Member States. Certain international and regional institutions also participate on a consultation basis. Cooperative agreements are established between OIML and certain institutions, such as ISO and IEC, with the objective of avoiding contradictory requirements; consequently, manufacturers and user
37、s of measuring instruments, test laboratories, etc. may apply simultaneously OIML publications and those of other institutions. International Recommendations and International Documents are published in French (F) and English (E) and are subject to periodic revision. This publication - reference OIM
38、L R 46, edition xxxx (E) was developed by the Working Group on the Revision of R 46 of the OIML Technical Committee TC 12/WG 1 . It was approved for final publication by the International Committee of Legal Metrology in xxxx. OIML publications may be obtained from the Organizations headquarters: Bur
39、eau International de Mtrologie Lgale 11, rue Turgot - 75009 Paris - France Telephone: 33 (0)1 48 78 12 82 and 42 85 27 11 Fax: 33 (0)1 42 82 17 27 E-mail: bimloiml.org Internet: www.oiml.orgDraft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last saved:28.11.05 Printed: 28.11.05 page 7/43 Revision of IR 46 OI
40、ML TC12/WG1 Part 1 Metrological and technical requirements 1 Scope This document sets out requirements pertinent to metrological control of electricity meters intended for use in revenue metering. The requirements are to be applied during type approval, verification, and re-verification. They also a
41、pply to modifications that may be made to existing approved devices. The provisions set out here apply to: Electricity meters for active energy at power frequency. Meters can be direct connected for system voltages up to 690 V, or transformer operated. No distinction in requirements is made with res
42、pect to technology employed for the meter. 2 Bibliography IEC 60068-2-1 (1990-05) Amendments IEC 60068-2-1-am1(1993-02) and IEC 60068-2-1-am2(1994-06). Environmental testing. Part 2: Tests. Test A: Cold. International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 60068-2-2 (1974-01) Amendments IEC 60068-
43、2-2-am1(1993-02) and IEC 60068-2-2-am2(1994-05). Environmental testing. Part 2: Tests. Test B: Dry heat. International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 60068-2-18 (2000-10) Environmental testing. Part 2- Test R and guidance: Water. International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 60068
44、-2-30 (2005-08). Environmental testing. Part 2-30: Tests. Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12+12-hour cycle). International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 60068-3-4 (2001-08) Environmental testing. Part 3-4- Supporting documentation and guidance - Damp heat tests. Electrotechnical Commission, G
45、eneva. IEC 60512-14-7 (1997-10) Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 14: Sealing tests - Section 7: Test 14g: Impacting water. Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 61000-4-11 (2004-03). Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
46、Part 4-11: Testing and measurement techniques -: Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variation immunity tests. International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 61000-4-4 (2004-07). Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques - Electrical fast tra
47、nsient/burst immunity tests. International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 61000-4-5 (2001-04) Ed. 1.1 Consolidated Edition Amendment IEC 61000-4-5-am1(2001-11). Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Part 4-5: Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test. International Electrotec
48、hnical Commission, Geneva. IEC 61000-4-3 (2002-09). Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test. International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva. Draft IR46_CD3_TC12 25 nov 2005 kopia.doc last sa
49、ved:28.11.05 Printed: 28.11.05 page 8/43 Revision of IR 46 OIML TC12/WG1 3 Terminology The basic terminology used in this Recommendation is defined by the OIML International Document D11, General requirements for electronic measuring instruments, and conforms to the International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM) 1 and the Vocabulary of Legal Metrology (VML) 2. In addition, for the purposes of this Recommendation, the following definitions shall apply: 3.1 Meters and their constituents 3.1.1 Electricity meter An instrument inten
